• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제21권6호
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• pp.1361-1369
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• 1996

Motion estimation is one of the key components for high quality video coding. In this paper, a new motion estimation scheme for MPEG-like video coder is suggested. The proposed temporally adaptive motion estimation scheme consists of five functional blocks: Temporal subband analysis (TSBA), extraction of temporal information, scene change detection (SCD), picture type replacement (PTR), and temporally adapted block matching algorithm (TABMA). Here all the functional components are based on the temporal subband analysis. In this papre, we applied the analysis part of subband decompostion to the temporal axis of moving picture sequence, newly defined the temporal activity distribution (TAD) and average TAD, and proposed the temporally adapted block matching algorithm, the scene change detection algorithm and picture type replacement algorithm which employed the results of the temporal subband analysis. A new block matching algorithm TABMA is capable of controlling the block matching area. According to the temporal activity distribution of objects, it allocates the search areas nonuniformly. The proposed SCD and PTR can prevent unavailable motion prediction for abrupt scene changes. Computer simulation results show that the proposed motion estimation scheme improve the quality of reconstructed sequence and reduces the number of block matching trials to 40% of the numbers of trials in conventional methods. The TSBA based scene change detection algorithm can detect the abruptly changed scenes in the intentionally combined sequence of this experiment without additional computations.

• 한국정보과학회 언어공학연구회:학술대회논문집(한글 및 한국어 정보처리)
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• 한국정보과학회언어공학연구회 1991년도 제3회 한글 및 한국어정보처리 학술대회
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• pp.196-208
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• 1991

This study focused on the role of prefabricated speech (routines and patterns) in the L2 acquisition process. The data for this study consisted of spontaneous speech samples and various observational records of three Korean children learning English as L2 in a nursery school. The specific questions addressed here were: (1) What routines, patterns, and creative constructions did the children use? (2) What was the general trend in the three children's use of routines, patterns, and creative constructions over time? The data were collected over a period of one school year by observing the children in their school. The findings were discussed from the perspective of human information processing. This study found that prefabricated speech played a significant role in the three children's L2 acquisition. The automatic processing of prefabricated speech appeared to enable the children to reduce the burden on their information processing systems, which allowed the saved resources available for other language development activities. Also, the children's language development was evident in their increase in the use of patterns. The children were moving from heavy dependence on wholly unanalyzed routines to increased use of partly unanalyzed patterns. This increased control was the result of an increase in procedural knowledge.

• 한국환경교육학회지:환경교육
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.1-14
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• 2009

The UNESCO World Conference on "Education for Sustainable Development - Moving into the Second Half of the United Nations Decade" was held in Bonn, Germany, from 31 March to 2 April 2009, as the DESD approaches it's mid-point. It brought 900 participants including 47 ministers and deputy-ministers of education from 147 countries. The objectives of the conference were to: (1) highlight the essential contribution of Education for Sustainable Development (ESD) to all of education and to achieving quality education ("Why is ESD relevant?"); (2) promote international exchange on ESD ("What can we learn from each other?"); (3) carry out a stock-taking of DESD implementation ("What have we achieved so far, what are the lessons learnt?"); (4) develop strategies for the way ahead ("Where do we want to go from here ?"). The conference provided opportunities for all participants to recognize the importance of ESD as the way to meet challenges of the present unsustainable world and discuss outcomes of first-half of DESD and action plans for second-half of DESD. In particular, one plenary session was focused on the DESD Monitoring and Evaluation process, with a presentation of the key findings of the draft global report on the context and structures of ESD, as well as regional perspectives. As a result of the conference, participants adopted the Bonn Declaration which would serve as the backbone for the further development of the post-Bonn process within the framework of the DESD.

• 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.351-357
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• 2003

An easy learning elevator originated is opened to compare the existed teaming equipment, and it had a high studied efficiency that the sequence control circuit can open and close with the wire. The structure of equipment to be controlled from the first floor to the fifth floors is demostrated by the constructive apparatus with the lamps to express the function of the open-close of the door according to the cage moving with a mechanical actuation of the forward reverse breaker and the motor of load, and the mechanical actuation of hand-operation control components of push-button S/W and L/S and relay etc. These components let connect each other in order to control of the elevator function with the auto program and the designed sequence control circuit. Consequently the cage could go and come till 1∼5 steps with an auto program of the elevator and the sequence control circuit. The sequence control circuit is controlled by the step of forward and reverse to follow as that the sensor function of L/S1 ∼ L/S5 let posit with the control switchs of S/W1 ∼ S/W5 of PLC testing panel and switchs of S/W1 ∼ S/W5 installed on the transparent acryl plate of the frame. In here, improved apparatus is the hand-auto operation combined learning equipment to study the principle and technique of the originate sequence control circuit and the auto program of PLC.

• 국제초고층학회논문집
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.297-300
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• 2017

Employers are realizing that workplaces have an immense impact on productivity. And, because people typically represent about 90% of a company's costs, even a slight improvement in productivity hits the bottom-line in a very big way. The focus is shifting away from saving money by reducing space needs or cutting energy requirements, and moving toward making the workplace friendlier and healthier. What is a healthy workplace, exactly? The answer should be clear by now. Mountains of research have expounded on this very topic, and then news outlets cover the latest discoveres ad infinitum. The problem is, research is rather dense, while the news isn't comprehensive. Office managers trying to improve workplace wellness want neither a 55-page report nor a half dozen articles to convince their landlord that their space can do better. Recognizing this gap, Harvard researchers have released a concise-yet-complete list of healthy building features. Here, we're sharing these nine features with a few insights of our own on the value of being healthy and productive. Find out: ${\bullet}$ What makes a healthy building and why is it so important ${\bullet}$ How to improve the health of your own office ${\bullet}$ What happens for your people and your bottom line when you make health a priority.

• 천문학논총
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.113-114
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• 2015

Recent high-resolution, high-sensitivity observations of protostellar jets have shown many to possess an underlying 'wiggle' structure. HH 211 is one such example where recent sub-mm observations revealed a clear reflection-symmetric wiggle. An explanation for this is that the HH211 jet source is moving as part of a protobinary system. Here we test this assumption by simulating HH211 through 3D hydrodynamic simulations using the pluto code with a molecular chemistry and cooling module, and initial conditions based on an analytical model derived from SMA observations. Molecular chemistry allows us to accurately plot synthetic molecular emission maps and position-velocity diagrams for direct comparison to observations, enabling us to test the observational assumptions and put constraints on the physical parameters of HH211. Our preliminary results show that the reflection-symmetric wiggle can be recreated through the assumption of a jet source being part of a binary system.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.54-60
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• 2019

In this paper, a localization system for indoor objects is proposed. The proposed system consists of Beacons, LED Cells, Main Cell Controller (MCC), and Display. A Beacon is attached at each indoor object, and each LED cell has Beacon Scanner and VLC Transmitter. The Visual Light Communications (VLC) and Power Line Communications (PLC) methods are used to communicate the signals for localization of indoor objects. And the proposed system is designed, and implemented as a prototype. To certify that our propose d system can exactly localize a given indoor object, we take test for the implemented system as a p rototype. Here the location of the given indoor object is known. Test is done in two ways. The first is to check the operation of the detail of the system, and the second is the position recognition of i ndoor object. The second is the test of the implemented system to correctly detect the location of the indoor object with Beacon, while the object with Beacon is moved from location C to A. The experimental result shows that the system is exactly detect the moving locations. The system has the advantages of using previously installed power lines, and it does not need to use LAN lines or optical cables. The proposed system is usefully applied to indoor object localization area.

• Ocean Systems Engineering
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.353-371
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• 2021

Sloshing behavior of liquid within containers represents one of the most fundamental fluid-structure interactions. Liquid in partially filled tanks tends to slosh when subjected to external disturbances. Sloshing is a vicious resonant fluid motion in a moving tank. To understand the effect of baffle positioned at L/3 and 2L/3 location, a shake table experiments was conducted for different fill volumes of aspect ratio 0.163, 0.325 and 0.488. For a fixed amplitude of 7.5 mm, the excitation frequencies are varied between 0.457 Hz to 1.976 Hz. Wave probes have been located at both tank ends to capture the surface elevation. The experimental parameters such as sloshing oscillation and energy dissipation are discussed here. Comparison is done for with baffles and without baffles conditions. For both conditions, the results showed that aspect ratio of 0.163 gives better surface elevation and energy dissipation than obtained for aspect ratio 0.325 and 0.488. Good agreement is observed when numerical analysis is compared with the experiments results.

• 헤리티지:역사와 과학
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• 제43권3호
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• pp.26-47
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• 2010

발굴유구에서 보존은 보존에 복원을 포괄하는 개념이며, 여기서 복원은 유구 원래의 원형으로 복원하는 것을 의미하는 것이 아니라, 발굴 당시의 모습 그대로 복원하는 것을 의미한다. 즉 발굴유구 보존은 수리복원의 개념이 함께 포함된 것이다. 발굴유구는 보존하는 위치에 따라 크게 현장보존과 이전보존으로 나눌 수 있다. 현장보존은 발굴유구를 현장에 그대로 보존하는 것으로 유구의 훼손을 방지하기 위해 복토하는 복토 현장보존법과 유구를 노출된 상태 그대로 보존하는 노출 현장보존법이 있다. 유구가 발굴된 장소에서 다른 장소로 이전하는 것을 전제로 한 보존방법을 이전보존이라 하며, 세부방법으로 원형이전, 전사이전, 복제이전, 해체이전으로 나눌 수 있다. 원형이전은 유구의 원형을 그대로 다른 곳에 이전하는 방법이고, 전사이전은 유구 표면의 일정부분을 떼어내어 이전하는 것이다. 복제이전은 발굴된 유구의 형태를 본떠 이전할 곳에서 다시 복원하는 방법이며, 해체이전은 유구를 구성하고 있는 부재를 해체 이전하여 해체의 역순으로 복원하는 방법이다. 발굴유구의 보존에서 가장 기본이 되는 것은 발굴유구의 원형을 그대로 보존하는 것이지만 실제로는 발굴유구를 둘러싼 여러 가지 환경 즉 사회 경제 문화 지역 상황에 따라 보존방법이 결정되는 경향이 있다. 앞으로 더 효과적인 발굴유구 보존을 위해 보존방법별로 좀 더 세분화되고 전문화된 방안을 도출하고, 인접학문과의 교류 및 발전하는 과학기술을 접목시켜 발굴유구를 가장 효과적으로 보존할 수 있는 방법에 대한 지속적인 연구가 필요하다.

• 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국수자원학회 2008년도 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.694-698
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• 2008

In hydrology, it is a difficult task to deal with multivariate time series such as modeling streamflows of an entire complex river system. Normal distribution based model such as MARMA (Multivariate Autorgressive Moving average) has been a major approach for modeling the multivariate time series. There are some limitations for the normal based models. One of them might be the unfavorable data-transformation forcing that the data follow the normal distribution. Furthermore, the high dimension multivariate model requires the very large parameter matrix. As an alternative, one might be decomposing the multivariate data into independent components and modeling it individually. In 1985, Lins used Principal Component Analysis (PCA). The five scores, the decomposed data from the original data, were taken and were formulated individually. The one of the five scores were modeled with AR-2 while the others are modeled with AR-1 model. From the time series analysis using the scores of the five components, he noted "principal component time series might provide a relatively simple and meaningful alternative to conventional large MARMA models". This study is inspired from the researcher's quote to develop a multivariate simulation model. The multivariate simulation model is suggested here using Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Independent Component Analysis (ICA). Three modeling step is applied for simulation. (1) PCA is used to decompose the correlated multivariate data into the uncorrelated data while ICA decomposes the data into independent components. Here, the autocorrelation structure of the decomposed data is still dominant, which is inherited from the data of the original domain. (2) Each component is resampled by block bootstrapping or K-nearest neighbor. (3) The resampled components bring back to original domain. From using the suggested approach one might expect that a) the simulated data are different with the historical data, b) no data transformation is required (in case of ICA), c) a complex system can be decomposed into independent component and modeled individually. The model with PCA and ICA are compared with the various statistics such as the basic statistics (mean, standard deviation, skewness, autocorrelation), and reservoir-related statistics, kernel density estimate.