• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제55권1호
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• pp.80-87
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• 2022

Objectives: Dengue remains hyperendemic in Malaysia despite extensive vector control activities. With dynamic changes in land use, urbanisation and population movement, periodic updates on dengue transmission patterns are crucial to ensure the implementation of effective control strategies. We sought to assess shifts in the trends and spatial patterns of dengue in Kelantan, a north-eastern state of Malaysia (5°15'N 102°0'E). Methods: This study incorporated data from the national dengue monitoring system (eDengue system). Confirmed dengue cases registered in Kelantan with disease onset between January 1, 2016 and December 31, 2018 were included in the study. Yearly changes in dengue incidence were mapped by using ArcGIS. Hotspot analysis was performed using Getis-Ord Gi to track changes in the trends of dengue spatial clustering. Results: A total of 10 645 dengue cases were recorded in Kelantan between 2016 and 2018, with an average of 10 dengue cases reported daily (standard deviation, 11.02). Areas with persistently high dengue incidence were seen mainly in the coastal region for the 3-year period. However, the hotspots shifted over time with a gradual dispersion of hotspots to their adjacent districts. Conclusions: A notable shift in the spatial patterns of dengue was observed. We were able to glimpse the shift of dengue from an urban to peri-urban disease with the possible effect of a state-wide population movement that affects dengue transmission.

• 한국지반공학회논문집
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.33-46
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• 2004

본 논문에서는 지하수가 터널굴착에 미치는 영향을 고찰하였다. 먼저 지하수위 아래에서의 터널시공시 발생하는 기본 메카니즘을 알아보았으며 가상의 시공조건에 대해 유한요소해석 기반의 3차원 응력-간극수압 연계해석을 수행하고 그 결과를 토대로 라이닝 작용하중 및 유발응력, 막장안정성, 지표침하 등 지하수와 터널굴착의 상호관계를 고찰하였다. 한편, 다양한 라이닝 투수성 및 그라우팅 패턴에 대한 해석을 수행하고 전반적인 터널 및 주변지반의 거동을 분석하였다. 해석 결과 터널굴착과 지하수의 상호작용은 라이닝 응력과 지반거동을 증가시키며 이러한 지하수가 터널굴착에 미치는 영향은 연계해석을 통해서 만이 이해가 가능하며 전응력해석을 수행할 경우 지하수의 영향을 과소평가할 수 있는 것으로 나타났다. 한편, 본 해석에서 얻어지는 결과를 실무적 측면에서 다각도로 고찰하였다.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제31권12호
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• pp.999-1012
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• 2022

To investigate the reason for the spatial difference in PM_2.5 (Particulate Matter, < 2.5 ㎛) concentration despite a similar synoptic pattern, a synoptic analysis was performed. The data used for this study were the daily average PM_2.5 concentration and meteorological data observed from 2016 to 2020 in Busan and Seoul metropolitan areas. Synoptic pressure patterns associated with high PM_2.5 concentration episodes (greater than 35 ㎍/m³) were analyzed using K-means cluster analysis, based on the 900 hPa geopotential height of NCEP (National Centers for Environmental Prediction) FNL (Final analysis) data. The analysis identified three sub-groups related to high concentrations occurring only in Busan and Seoul metropolitan areas. Although the synoptic patterns of high PM_2.5 concentration episodes that occur independently in Busan and Seoul metropolitan areas were similar, there was a difference in the intensity of pressure gradient and its direction, which tends to be an important factor determining the movement time of pollutants. The spatial difference in PM_2.5 concentration in the Korean Peninsula is due to the difference and direction of the atmospheric pressure gradient that develops from southwest to northeast direction.

• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.149-163
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to compare the lower extremity's joint and segment coupling patterns between forward and backward running in subjects who were twelve healthy males. Three-dimensional kinematic data were collected with Qualisys system while subjects ran to forward and backward. The thigh internal/external rotation and tibia internal/external rotation, thigh flexion/extension and tibia flexion/extension, tibia internal/external rotation and foot inversion/eversion, knee internal/external rotation and ankle inversion/eversion, knee flexion/extension and ankle inversion/eversion, knee flexion/extension and ankle flexion/extension, and knee flexion/extension and tibia internal/external rotation coupling patterns were determined using a vector coding technique. The comparison for each coupling between forward and backward running were conducted using a dependent, two-tailed t-test at a significant level of .05 for the mean of each of five stride regions, midstance(1l-30%), toe-off(31-50%), swing acceleration(51-70%), swing deceleration(71-90), and heel-strike(91-10%), respectively. 1. The knee flexion/extension and ankle flexion/extension coupling pattern of both foreward and backward running over the stride was converged on a complete coordination. However, the ankle flexion/extension to knee flexion/extension was relatively greater at heel-strike in backward running compared with forward running. At the swing deceleration, backward running was dominantly led by the ankle flexion/extension, but forward running done by the knee flexion/extension. 2. The knee flexion/extension and ankle inversion/eversion coupling pattern for both running was also converged on a complete coordination. At the mid-stance. the ankle movement in the frontal plane was large during forward running, but the knee movement in the sagital plane was large during backward running and vice versa at the swing deceleration. 3. The knee flexion/extension and tibia internal/external rotation coupling while forward and backward run was also centered on the angle of 45 degrees, which indicate a complete coordination. However, tibia internal/external rotation dominated the knee flexion/extension at heel strike phase in forward running and vice versa in backward running. It was diametrically opposed to the swing deceleration for each running. 4. Both running was governed by the ankle movement in the frontal plane across the stride cycle within the knee internal/external rotation and tibia internal/external rotation. The knee internal/external rotation of backward running was greater than that of forward running at the swing deceleration. 5. The tibia internal/external rotation in coupling between the tibia internal/external rotation and foot inversion/eversion was relatively great compared with the foot inversion/eversion over a stride for both running. At heel strike, the tibia internal/external rotation of backward running was shown greater than that of forward(p<.05). 6. The thigh internal/external rotation took the lead for both running in the thigh internal/external rotation and tibia internal/external rotation coupling. In comparison of phase, the thigh internal/external rotation movement at the swing acceleration phase in backward running worked greater in comparison with forward running(p<.05). However, it was greater at the swing deceleration in forward running(p<.05). 7. With the exception of the swing deceleration phase in forward running, the tibia flexion/extension surpassed the thigh flexion/extension across the stride cycle in both running. Analysis of the specific stride phases revealed the forward running had greater tibia flexion/extension movement at the heel strike than backward running(p<.05). In addition, the thigh flexion/extension and tibia flexion/extension coupling displayed almost coordination at the heel strike phase in backward running. On the other hand the thigh flexion/extension of forward running at the swing deceleration phase was greater than the tibia flexion/extension, but it was opposite from backward running. In summary, coupling which were the knee flexion/extension and ankle flexion/extension, the knee flexion/extension and ankle inversion/eversion, the knee internal/external rotation and ankle inversion/eversion, the tibia internal/external rotation and foot inversion/eversion, the thigh internal/external rotation and tibia internal/external rotation, and the thigh flexion/extension and tibia flexion/extension patterns were most similar across the strike cycle in both running, but it showed that coupling patterns in the specific stride phases were different from average point of view between two running types.

• 한국입자에어로졸학회지
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.115-126
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• 2016

Numerical analysis was done to evaluate the movement of the particles and the fluid inside of the cyclone-bag hybrid dust collector. Flow discharged from the cyclone in the hybrid particle collector has swirl pattern, and it results in the biased flow to the bag filters and deteriorates the collection performance of the bag filter. The current study is to evaluate the effect of the duct lengths and the baffle arrays in the connection duct by the computational methods. Main concerns of the analysis are how to improve the uniformity of the internal flow between the cyclone and the bag filter. Numerical analysis was done to check the particle removal efficiencies of the system with respect to the flow characteristics which is expressed in RMS values of the upward flow inside of the connection duct. The flow pattern inside of the connection duct is evaluated under different the duct lengths and the baffle arrays. In case of the reference geometry the RMS value of inside flow was 56.7%, and the value was decreased to 30.1% by controlling the lengths of duct. The effects of baffle was also evaluated, the RMS value of flow could be decreased 55.2% and so on. But the pressure drop across the baffles becomes high and the system efficiency becomes lower.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.579-586
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• 2021

본 연구는 다양한 빅데이터를 지역관광 정책에 활용한 제주특별자치도의 사례를 토대로, 관광빅데이터의 활용성과와 과제를 제시하였다. 가장 큰 활용성과는 관광빅데이터를 통해 급변하는 관광트랜드와 관광업계의 동향을 시의성있고 구체적으로 파악할 수 있게 되었고, 기존 관광통계를 정교화하는데 활용할 수 있었다는 점이다. 여기서 더 나아가 제주는 빅데이터의 활용 범위를 관광 현상 이해의 수준을 넘어 실시간 맞춤형 서비스 플랫폼 구축까지 영역을 확장하였다. 이것이 가능했던 이유는 데이터 수집 및 분석 환경 구축과 산·관·학의 협력적 거버넌스가 조성되었기 때문이다. 향후 해결해야 할 과제는 첫째, 민간 데이터셋 위주의 분석으로 예산 의존적이라는 한계와 둘째, 스마트관광의 궁극적 목표인 개인맞춤형서비스 구축을 위한 개인수준 데이터 수집 인프라, 개인정보보호법 등의 제도적인 문제의 해결이다. 마지막으로, 데이터 분석과 데이터 연계에 도달하기까지의 전문성과 기술적 한계들이 남아 있다.

• 과학교육연구지
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• 제37권1호
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• pp.142-156
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• 2013

이 연구의 목적은 시선 이동을 통해 나타나는 인지양식에 따른 관찰 특성의 차이를 알아보는 것이다. 이를 위해 전체적 인지양식, 분석적 인지양식 집단의 관찰 사실에 차이를 보이는 관찰 과제를 개발하고, 각각의 인지양식을 가진 대학생들을 대상으로 관찰 과제를 제시했을 때 시선 이동을 측정하였다. 통계 자료와 시각화 자료를 수집하여 Fixation을 분석하였고 두 인지양식 집단의 관찰 특성 차이를 확인하였다. 이 연구에서 밝혀진 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 인지양식에 따른 관찰대상 영역을 비교했을 때 전체적 인지양식 집단은 분석적 집단양식보다 거미줄 및 주위 환경을 포함하는 넓은 영역을 관찰하는 반면 분석적 인지양식 집단은 주로 거미 대상 자체에 초점을 두고 관찰한다. 둘째, 인지양식에 따른 관찰 순서와 방향을 비교했을 때 분석적 인지양식 집단은 거미 자체를 먼저 관찰한 후 주변 환경 요소로 나가는 반면 전체적 인지양식 집단은 거미와 주변 환경을 번갈아 관찰하거나 특이한 부분을 먼저 관찰하는 등 패턴이 일정하지 않다. 전체적 생김새와 부분적 생김새 관찰시 분석적 인지양식 집단에서는 일정한 방향과 연속적인 반복적 탐색이 존재하지만 전체적 인지양식 집단은 정해진 패턴 없이 눈에 띄는 속성 중심으로 관찰이 이루어진다. 이상의 연구 결과를 종합해보면 인지양식에 따라 관찰 대상, 영역, 순서, 방향에 차이가 있음을 알 수 있다. 학습자마다 다양한 관찰 결과가 나타나는 원인이 인지양식에 따라 받아 들이는 정보의 차이에 있음을 확인하였고, 본 연구의 결과는 학습자의 특성에 가장 적합한 관찰 수행을 파악하고 지도하는데 도움이 될 것이다.

• 한국터널지하공간학회 논문집
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.313-322
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• 2003

본 연구는 도심지터널 시공시 막장진행에 따라 다양하게 계측된 현장의 계측치 분석을 통하여 막장 진행에 따른 터널 주변지반의 거동 및 인접구조물의 3차원 거동을 상호 규명하였으며, 일반적으로 터널설계시 적용되는 Mohr-Coulomb 모델 및 막강관찰 자료를 바탕으로 한 Hoek-Brown 현장암반모델을 적용한 3차원 유한요소해석을 실시하여 각각의 결과를 비교 검토하여 이들 지반 및 구조물 거동을 규명하였다. 막장 진행에 따른 침하 양상은 greenfield 상태에서의 거동과는 차이를 보이고 있으며 구조물의 위치와 강성 그리고 하중에 큰 영향을 받는 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국전자통신학회논문지
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.731-736
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• 2023

보행은 특정 단계를 반복하는 주기적인 동작으로 사람의 기본 이동방법이다. 보행 분석을 통해 여러 가지 근골격계의 건강상태를 판별할 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 공간의 제약 없이 보행 분석을 할 수 있는 착용형 센서 시스템을 제안한다. 거리를 측정하는 ToF(: Time-of-Flight) 센서와 기울기를 측정하는 IMU(: Inertial Measurement Unit) 센서로 보행 중의 뒤꿈치 궤적을 도출한다. 낙상의 위험이 있는 이상보행을 할 때의 뒤꿈치 궤적의 변화 양상을 분석하여 보행을 평가한다.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제43권3호
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• pp.247-254
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• 2018

Purpose: Although previous studies have performed on-farm evaluations for the control of airborne diseases such as foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) and influenza, disease control during the process of livestock and manure transportation has not been investigated thoroughly. The objective of this study is to predict common patterns of livestock-vehicle movement. Methods: Global positioning system (GPS) data collected during 2012 and 2013 from livestock vehicles on Jeju Island, South Korea, were analyzed. The GPS data included the coordinates of moving vehicles according to the time and date as well as the locations of livestock farms and manure-keeping sites. Data from 2012 were added to Esri software ArcGIS 10.1 and two approaches were adopted for predicting common vehicle-movement patterns, i.e., point-density and Euclidean-distance tools. To compare the predicted patterns with actual patterns for 2013, the same analysis was performed on the actual data. Results: When the manure-keeping sites and livestock farms were the same in both years, the common patterns of 2012 and 2013 were similar; however, differences arose in the patterns when these sites were changed. By using the point-density tool and Euclidean-distance tool, the average similarity between the predicted and actual common patterns for the three vehicles was 80% and 72%, respectively. Conclusions: From this analysis, we can determine common patterns of livestock vehicles using previous year's data. In the future, to obtain more accurate results and to devise a model for predicting patterns of vehicle movement, more dependent and independent variables will be considered.