• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.32 no.6
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• pp.7-14
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• 2018

This study investigated numerically the influences of fire curtain and natural smoke vent area on smoke movement in the stage fire of a theater using FDS (Fire Dynamics Simulator). The dimension of the theater stage was 31 m in width, 34 m in depth, and 32 m in height. The area ratios between the natural smoke vent and stage were approximately 10%, 8%, 5%, and 1%. The gap distance between the fire curtain and proscenium wall was 0.5 m. The fire curtain and natural smoke vent area were observed to affect significantly the behavior of smoke movement to the auditorium and the mass flow rates of inflow and outflow through the natural smoke vent and proscenium opening. In addition, under the same natural smoke vent area, the pressure in the stage with a fire curtain was lower than that without a fire curtain.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.56 no.4
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• pp.541-548
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• 2023

Behavior serves as an important indicator of the effects of environmental stressors on organisms. In this study, one-year-old abalone Haliotis discus hannai (15.1±0.8 mm) were used and each 0.34 m2 tank was stocked with 100, 150, 200, 250, and 300 juvenile abalone. After 328 days, we found that the low stocking density treatment showed significantly higher growth, whereas the high stocking density treatment showed significantly lower growth. In addition, abalone showed a lower rate of movement, distance moved, and velocity at higher stocking densities, but only velocity differed significantly. In contrast, In the Supplied the feed tanks significant difference between the moving distance and velocity. When the two groups of different sizes were mixed in tank, the rate of movement, distance moned, and velocity showed significant differences between differently-sized indivisuals. Our study indicates that breeding abalone at high densities has a negative effect on their growth and survival, which is thought to primarily be caused by spatial competition, and secondarily by differences in body size, ultimately affecting growth and productivity.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 2022.10a
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• pp.89-89
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• 2022

Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) is a representative food resource. To preserve the integrity of soybean, it is necessary to protect soybean yield and seed quality from threats of various pests and diseases. Riptortus pedestris is a well-known insect pest that causes the greatest loss of soybean yield in South Korea. This pest not only directly reduces yields but also causes disorders and diseases in plant growth. Unfortunately, no resistant soybean resources have been reported. Therefore, it is necessary to identify the distribution and movement of Riptortus pedestris at an early stage to reduce the damage caused by insect pests. Conventionally, the human eye has performed the diagnosis of agronomic traits related to pest outbreaks. However, due to human vision's subjectivity and impermanence, it is time-consuming, requires the assistance of specialists, and is labor-intensive. Therefore, the responses and behavior patterns of Riptortus pedestris to the scent of mixture R were visualized with a 3D model through the perspective of artificial intelligence. The movement patterns of Riptortus pedestris was analyzed by using time-series image data. In addition, classification was performed through visual analysis based on a deep learning model. In the object tracking, implemented using the YOLO series model, the path of the movement of pests shows a negative reaction to a mixture Rina video scene. As a result of 3D modeling using the x, y, and z-axis of the tracked objects, 80% of the subjects showed behavioral patterns consistent with the treatment of mixture R. In addition, these studies are being conducted in the soybean field and it will be possible to preserve the yield of soybeans through the application of a pest control platform to the early stage of soybeans.

• Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.347-355
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• 2023

Background: Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) therapy has been reported to be very efficacious for treating post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and other anxiety-related conditions. However, a review of the literature reveals the sparse use of this therapy in the field of pediatric dentistry. This study aimed to evaluate anxiety trends in pediatric dental patients during local anesthesia and extraction with and without EMDR therapy. Methods: Children in the age range of 8-12 years who required dental extractions were assigned randomly into two groups: an EMDR group (group 1) and a routine behavior management therapy group (group 2; receiving more traditional interventions such as tender love and care behavioral modeling, and distraction). Anxiety scores were recorded at four levels using the visual facial anxiety scale (VFAS) preoperatively, after therapy, after the administration of local anesthesia (LA), and after extraction. Results: Reduced anxiety was observed after the delivery of EMDR therapy, after LA administration, and post-extraction in the EMDR group compared to pre-operative anxiety scores of anxiety (P < 0.001; unpaired Student's t and Mann-Whitney U tests). In the control group, mild reductions in anxiety after routine behavior management therapy were observed, accompanied by spikes in anxiety levels after LA and extractions. Conclusion: EMDR therapy was found to be valuable for reducing anxiety among pediatric dental patients during tooth extraction procedures.

• Journal of muscle and joint health
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.97-115
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• 1994

The purpose of this study was to examine the reliability and validity of the observed behaviors of subjects who suffered from low back pain with spinal diseases, Thirty two low back pain patients admitted on the neurosurgical unit in an army hospital were compared with 30 normal controls belonged to an army unit, by means of matching the age, hight and weight. Observed pain behaviors were developed by the researcher on the bases of literature and patient observation. This tool consists of 18 behaviors seperated into two major groups : mutually exclusive and concomittent behaviors. The mutually exclusive behaviors included coding cathegories for 6. body motions assumed by the subjects during the observation session. These 6 standardized motions consisted of sitting from standing first, and serially tying down, reclining, sitting again, and then standing, 6 steps walking. Concomittent behaviors consisted of 12 observable patterns that can be observed systematically from the face, grimacing, bracing, rubbing, walking with arms fixed, support with hands on sitting or standing, guarded movement, limping, unbalaced weightbearing, stopped movement from tying position to sitting, sighing and graoning. Subjects were videotrecorded as they performed a 6-standardized sequence of motions, simultanously researcher measured the time spent performing each motion and step length. Patients were asked torate their subjective pain score on the 10 mm graphic rating scale ranging from 'no pain' to 'sever pain'. For scoring of the pain behaviors, two trained nursing officiers independently and simutanously viewwd each videorecording and checked subject 'pain behaviors at the observational item checklist. The result of the study are summarized as follows : 1. Reability of the observational tool was a=.845. 2. Spearman's rho and percentage agreement were p=.97 and 81.7 persent respectively, that indicate adequate interrater reability of this tool. 3. The sensitivity rate of the tool was .875 while specificity rate .866 for differentiating patient from the normal. 4. When difference in the objective pain indices between patient group and control were compared, there was significant difference of all indices, such as pain behavior(t=7.71, p=.0001). spent time performing motion(t=14.2, p=.0001), step length (t=-10.72, p=.0001). 5. There were differences in the objective indices the subjective pain subgroups (low, medium, high). Differences in the mean score of objective pain behavior (F=6.376. p=.005) and spent time for moyion(F=4.631, p=.018). But there were no significant differences in the step length among the subgroups(F=.667, p=.521). 6. Highly correlated pain behavior items wiyh subjective pain score were 'stopped movement from lying position to sitting', 'limping', 'support with hands on sitting or standing', 'bracing', 'guarding' and 'walking with arms fixed'. In summary, although some of rho behavior items such as sighing and groaning in this study could not be observed because of videotaped datd, the reliability and validity of the over all observation method were satifactory. Thus, the results of the present study demonstrate rye potetional utility of the tool in assessing objective pain complementing self-reported pain in low back pain patients.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.248-252
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• 2022

The environment refers to what is surrounded by something during human life. This environment is related to the way humans live, and presents various problems on how to perceive the surrounding environment and how the behaviors that constitute the environment support the elements necessary for human life. Humans have an interest in the supportability of the environment as the interrelationship increases as humans perceive and understand the environment and accept the factors supported by the environment. In space, human movement starts from one space to the next and exchanges stimuli and reactions with the environment until reaching a target point. These human movements start with subjective judgment and during gait movement, the spatial environment surrounding humans becomes a collection of information necessary for humans and gives stimulation. will do. In this process, in particular, humans move along the movement path through movement in space and go through displacement perception and psychological changes, and recognize a series of spatial continuity. An image of thinking is formed[1]. In this process, spatial experience is perceived through the process of filtering by the senses in the real space, and the result of cognition is added through the process of subjective change accompanied by memory and knowledge, resulting in human movement. As such, the spatial search behavior begins with a series of perceptual and cognitive behaviors that arise in the process of human beings trying to read meaning from objects in the environment. Here, cognition includes the psychological process of sorting out and judging what the information is in the process of reading the meaning of the external environment, conditions, and material composition, and perception is the process of accepting information as the first step. It can be said to be the cognitive ability to read the meaning of the environment given to humans. Therefore, if we can grasp the perception of space while moving and human behavior as a response to perception, it will be possible to predict how to grasp it from a human point of view in a space that does not exist. Modern people have the theme of reminiscing dog-friendly hotels for the healing of petloss syndrome, and this thesis attempts to approach the life of companions.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.1013-1019
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• 2016

This paper describes a novel Context-awareness Markov Chain Prediction (CMCP) algorithm based on movement prediction using Markov chain in Delay Tolerant Network (DTN). The existing prediction models require additional information such as a node's schedule and delivery predictability. However, network reliability is lowered when additional information is unknown. To solve this problem, we propose a CMCP model based on node behaviour movement that can predict the mobility without requiring additional information such as a node's schedule or connectivity between nodes in periodic interval node behavior. The main contribution of this paper is the definition of approximate speed and direction for prediction scheme. The prediction of node movement forwarding path is made by manipulating the transition probability matrix based on Markov chain models including buffer availability and given interval time. We present simulation results indicating that such a scheme can be beneficial effects that increased the delivery ratio and decreased the transmission delay time of predicting movement path of the node in DTN.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.16 no.12
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• pp.327-345
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• 2016

The purpose of this study was to carry out cognitive movement therapy program for children with affective and behavioral disorder based on neuro science, psychology, motor learning, muscle physiology, biomechanics, human motion analysis, movement control and to quantify characteristic of expression and gestures according to change of facial expression by emotional change. We could observe problematic expression of children with affective disorder, and could estimate the efficiency of application of movement therapy program by the face expression change of children with affective disorder. And it could be expected to accumulate data for early detection and therapy process of development disorder applying converged measurement and analytic method for human development by quantification of emotion and behavior therapy analysis, kinematic analysis. Therefore, the result of this study could be extendedly applied to the disabled, the elderly and the sick as well as children.

• The Journal of Korean-Japanese National Studies
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• no.34
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• pp.5-40
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• 2018

This paper is to take note of national, social and economic movement, social & economic publicness of religion surrounding Yeonggwang, Joennam around 1910s. At first I would like to look at this period because regional society was in the middle of change of large transition before and after Japan's forced occupation of Korea in 1910s and March 1st Independence Movement in 1919. In particular we focus on spatially Yeonggwang in Joennam because this area is not only called as advent area of Buddhism earlier but also is unique regional culture and ideological topology where Donghak, Protestantism, Catholic, Institute of Won Buddhism and etc. Through casting light upon the above, it is expected to offer one clue for the question of internalizing value to be sought for in the national and social and economic movement by Korean religion around 1910 and public goods in the strategy and tactics to be selected and further publicness and practice lying in their awareness and behavior. In particular it is thought to have advanced the accumulation of case study of Yeonggwang in Joennam with representative 'place-ness' related to this. Along with this it is considered that our challenge is to restore and casting light again on common foundation of existence shape and publicness of various religions in the middle of national and social movement and economic movement in Yeonggwang of Joennam area. In other words, we expect that religions will continue individual efforts and common practices to urge social justice for historic and public value based on common good encompassing historic value, in other words, individual responsibility and social justice among social and economic conditions originated from Japanese colonial era.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• no.36
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• pp.93-101
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• 2003

The first object of this study is to clarify the newly demanded service to the visiter in the museum. And the second is to consider the spatial configuration on the layout of exhibition and the shape of exhibition room from the view points of behavior of appreciation and other methodology. The results of this study are as follows : The exhibition content and structure of Seoul Museum of History formed by a story-line according to the theme of an each zone fixed sequence in an each exhibition that we are achieved. But the layout of exhibition and the shape of exhibition consist on the other hand of the freedom selection. So the problem appeared In the difference of the exhibition content and the layout of exhibition to the behavior of appreciation. It can be said that the concept of exhibition space should be taken into account and the spatial configuration by the completed floor plan in order to satisfy the planning concepts.