• 한방안이비인후피부과학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.79-98
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• 1999

The purpose of this Study was to investigate effect of TakliSodokSan(TSS) on the anti-tumor, immunocytes and nitric oxide(NO) production from mice peritoneal macrophages. This Study estimated the proliferation of L1210 cell lines, A431 cell lines, Hep-G2 cell lines, K562 cell lines, 3T3 cell lines, mouse thymocytes and mouse splenocytes and NO production from pcritoneal macrophages in vitro, and estimated the proliferation of L1210 cells, thymocytes and splenocytcs, NO production from peritoneal macrophages and body weight in L1210 cells-transplanted mice in vivo. The results were obtained as follows; 1. TSS inhibited significantly the proliferation of L1210, A431, Hep-G2, K562 cell lines in vitro. 2. TSS accelerated the proliferation of mice thymocytes and splenocytes in vitro. 3. TSS was not increased the nitric oxide production from mice peritoneal macrophages in vitro. 4. TSS inhibited significantly the proliferation of L1210 cells in Ll210 cells∼transplanted mice. 5. TSS accelerated the proliferation of mice thymocytes and splenocytes In L1210 cells-transplanted mice. 6. TSS was increased significantly the nitric oxide production from mice peritoneal macrophages in L1210 cells-transplanted mice. 7. TSS was increased the body weight as comparing with control group in Ll210 cells-transplanted mice.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.7-12
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• 2005

GyeongshinhaeGihwan T1 (GGT1) is a newly developed oriental medicine to help weight control. We investigated nitric oxide production and cytokine secretion in mouse peritoneal macrophages. According to recent reports, macrophages are participated in fat accumulation and closely related with obesity. In this study, using mouse peritoneal macrophages, we have examined whether GGT1 affects the production of nitric oxide (NO), tumor necrosis factor-${\alpha}$ (TNF-${\alpha}$), and interleukin (IL)-12 by the stimulation of interferon-${\gamma}$ and lipopolysaccharide (LPS). GGT1 inhibits LPS-induced NO production in a dose-dependent manner. The decrease in NO synthesis was reflected as a decreased amount of inducible NO synthese protein. We also found that GGT1 inhibits pro-inflammatory cytokines, TNF-${\alpha}$ and IL-12 production. In mouse embryo preadipocyte 3T3-L1, GGT1 reduced the viability in a dose-dependent manner. These findings suggest that GGT1 may have potential effects in preventing and controlling adipogenesis and obesity.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.83-89
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• 2009

Polygoni multiflori Ramulus (PM), the stem of Polygonum multiflorum Thunb. has been widely used as a traditional medicine for the treatment of lots of diseases. In macrophages, nitric oxide is released as an inflammatory mediator and has been proposed to be an important modulator of many pathophysiological conditions in inflammation. In the present study, it was investigated that the inhibitory effects on NO and proinflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-${\alpha}$), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and the mechanism of down-regulation of immune response by 85% methanol extracts of PM in mouse (C57BL/6) peritoneal macrophages. Extracts of PM (0.1, 1 mg/ml) suppressed NO production and showed inhibition of proinflammatory cytokines like TNF-${\alpha}$, IL-6 and it attenuated iNOS and COX-2 expression via down-regulation of NF-${\kappa}$B activation. The present results indicate that the 85% methanol extracts of PM has an inhibitory effect on the production of NO through down-regulation of iNOS expression in LPS stimulated mouse peritoneal macrophages and therefore may be beneficial in diseases which related to macrophage-mediated inflammatory disorders.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.185-194
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• 1994

T. gonnii의 Beverley주를 감염시킨 마우스(감염군)로부터 분리한 복강대식세포에 cytokine의 종류 및 농도에 따른 대식세포의 활성화 정도를 평가하기 위하여 복강대식세포 단세포층에 medium, 조제 Iymphokine, 재조합 tumornecrosis $factor-{\alpha}{\;}(TNF-{\alpha})$. 재조합 $interferon-{\gamma}{\;}(IFN-{\gamma})$, 및 재조합 $IFN-{\gamma}와{\;}TNF-{\alpha}$를 함께($IFN-{\gamma}/TNF-{\alpha}$) 처치한 후, 각 처치군별 $H_2O_2{\;}생산량,{\;}NO2^{-}$ 생산량 및 T. gondii의 대식세포내 침투억제능을 측정하였다. 감염군의 복강대식세포에 $IFN-{\gamma}{\;}처치시{\;}NO2^{-}$ 생산량은 농도에 따라 유의하게 증가하였으나 그외의 처치군에서는 농도에 따른 유의한 차이가 없었다. 감염군 대식세포에 $IFN-{\gamma}나{\;}IFN-{\gamma}/TNF-{\alpha}$ 처치시 $H_2O_2$ 생산량이 medium처치군보다 유의하게 증가하였으며. $NO2^{-}$ 생산량은 $TNF-{\alpha},{\;}IFN-{\gamma}나{\;}IFN-{\gamma}/TNF-{\alpha}$ 처치시 유의하게 증가하였다. 감염군에 cytokine 처치시 T. gondii의 대식세포내 침투억제능은 medium 처치시보다 모두 증가되었다 또한 정상군과 감염군의 $H_2O_2$ 생산량, $NO2^{-}$ 생산량 및 T. gondii의 대식세포내 침투억제능을 상호 비교시 $IFN-{\gamma}$ 처치군은 유의한 차이를 나타냈으나 그 외의 cytokine 처치군에서는 유의한 차이를 나타내지 않았다. 이상의 성적으로 보아 $IFN-{\gamma}$가 Toxoplosma감염 마우스 복강대식세포의 활성화에도 중요한 역할을 함을 알 수 있었다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제10권5호
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• pp.599-605
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• 2000

Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is responsible for the tissue injury that occurs following the invasion of multicelluar organisms by Gram-negative microbes. The effect of LPS on IFN-$\gamma$-induced chemokine Mig gene expression in mouse peritoneal macrophages was investigated. Very little Mig mRNA was detectable upon exposure to LPS without IFN-$\gamma$. Although LPS alone is only minimally effective, LPS plus IFN-$\gamma$ synergized to produce a high level of Mig mRNA in the peritoneal macrophages. This synergy was not dependent on a new protein synthesis, and was not controlled at the level of the gene transcription. Futhermore, LPS did not increase IFN-$\gamma$-induced Mig mRNA stability. Accordingly, it is suggested the LPS may synergize the expression of IFN-$\gamma$-induced Mig mRNA through a process that depends on a pretranscriptional level or concurrent Mig mRNA translation.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제26권6호
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• pp.1252-1257
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• 1997

In order to investigate the immunomodulatory mechanism of white ginseng, the effects of total saponin of Ginsenoside Rb$_2$component on the phagocytosis and reactive oxygen intermediate(ROI) production of mouse peritoneal macrophages were studied. Both phagocytosis assay nitrobluetetrazolium reduction test showed 20$\mu\textrm{g}$/ml concentration of total saponin significantly increased the activity of phagocytosis and production of ROI. Also cytokine gene expression of the macrophages was analyzed using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. In the RT-PCR assay, 20$\mu\textrm{g}$/ml concentration of either total saponin or Ginsenoside Rb$_2$increased IL-1 and TNF expression of the macrophages.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제16권5호
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• pp.921-927
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• 2002

Inflammation is localized response to foreign substance such as bacteria or in some instance to internally produced substances and has relation with immunity system. The macrophages plays a role in the development of the Iymphohaemopoietic system before and after birth, as well as in the natural and acquired immune responses of adult to immunogens, including infectious agents. NO have been suggested to play an important role in endotoxin-mediated shock and imflammation. In this study, we investigated the effect of Omisodok-eum on the production of NO. The Omisodok-eum inhibited the secretion of NO in LPS-stimulated mouse peritoneal macrophages, without affecting cell viability. The protein level of inducible nitric oxide synlhase(iNOS) in peritoneal macrophages was also decreased by Omisodok-eum. These results suggest that Omisodok-eum suppresses the endotoxin-induced inflammatory responses through inhibiting the production of NO

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제28권6호
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• pp.593-600
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• 2014

This study is aimed to investigate the anti-inflammatory effect of Euphorbiae kansui radix methanol extract (ERE) in lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-stimulated mouse peritoneal macrophages. Peritoneal macrophages were obtained from thioglycollate-injected Balb/c mice. Cells were stimulated with LPS or LPS plus interferon-gamma (IFN-${\gamma}$) in the presence of ERE and various inflammatory markers were assayed. Finally, LPS-induced signaling molecules were measured. ERE up to $400{\mu}g/m{\ell}$, was not cytotoxic to ERE inhibited LPS/IFN-${\gamma}$-induced nitric oxide (NO), inducible NO synthase. ERE also reduced the levels of cyclooxygenase-2 and the proinflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-${\alpha}$, interleukin(IL)-6 and IL-12. The inhibitory effect of ERE on LPS-induced $I{\kappa}B{\alpha}$ degradation was weak but phosphorylation of JNK, p38 and ERK1/2 was strongly suppressed. Our data indicated that the anti-inflammatory effect of ERE in LPS-stimulated macrophages was partly mediated by its inhibition of JNK, p38 and ERK1/2.

• 대한화장품학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.25-36
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• 1994

Gram 음성균의 세포벽 성분인 lipopolysaccharide는 각종 세포에서의 prostaglandin 합성을 증진 시키며 이는 cyclooxygenase-2의 선택적 발현에 기인한다는 사실이 이미 보고된 바 있다. 본 연구에서는 mouse peritoneal marophage를 대상으로 하여 LPS의 prostaglandin 합성 증진 작용에 대한 특성으로 검토함으로써, COX-2에 대한 선택적 저해제 검색에 이용될 수 있는지 그 가능성을 확인코자 하였다. LPS는 peritoneal macrophage에 처리시 약 8시간 정도의 lag time을 보인 후 prostaglandin 합성을 현저히 증진 시켰으며, 이는 주로 COX 활성의 증가에 기인하는 것으로 추정되었다. 또한 LPS의 작용은 항염증제인 dexamethasone에 의해서 강하게 억제 되었으며 metabolic labeling 결과 이는 COX-2의 생합성을 억제하는데 기인하는 것으로 확인되었다. 따라서 mouse peritoneal macrophage에서의 LPS에 의한 prostaglandin 합성 증진 작용은 rat alveolar macrophage와 정성적으로 동일함을 확인할 수 있었으며, 본 실험 조건은 COX-2에 대한 선택적 저해제 검색에 응용될 수 있음을 확인 하였다. 본 실험 조건하에서 비스테로이드성 항염제인 ketoprofen의 작용을 검토한 결과 ketoprofen은 COX-1에 비교적 선택적인 저해 작용을 보이는 것으로 추정 되었다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.722-729
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• 2004

Leptin is an adipocyte-secreted hormone and its plasma levels correlate with total body fat mass, however, it also plays a regulatory role in immunity, inflammation, and hematopoiesis. Chemokine is known as a chemoattractant cytokine in inflammatory reaction, but its role in leptin reaction has not been well studied. In this study, the direct effect of leptin on the expression of chemokine mRNAs and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced chemokine KC mRNA in mouse peritoneal macrophages was investigated. Leptin did not induce the expression of lymphotactin, RANTES, eotaxin, MIP-1$\beta$, MIP-1$\alpha$, MIP-2, MCP-1, IP-10, TCA-3, and KC mRNA in mouse peritoneal macrophages, and had no direct effect on the expression of these LPS-induced chemokine mRNAs except KC mRNA. The synergistic effect of leptin on the expression of LPS-induced KC mRNA occurred late in the time course of response to LPS. The increased expressions of Ob-Rb mRNA and leptin receptor protein were detected during the LPS treatment. Leptin produced a substantial increase in the stability of the LPS-induced KC mRNA, and the synergistic effect of leptin on LPS-induced KC mRNA expression was further augmented by cycloheximide (CHX). Pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC) did not block the synergistic effect of leptin on LPS-induced KC mRNA expression in mouse peritoneal macrophages. These data suggest that although leptin has no direct effect on the expression of lymphotactin, RANTES, eotaxin, MIP-1$\beta$, MIP-1$\alpha$, MIP-2, MCP-1, IP-10, TCA-3, and KC mRNA in mouse peritoneal macrophages, the synergistic effect of leptin on the expression of LPS-induced KC mRNA has the possibility that LPS might induce the expression of the Ob-Rb receptor or an unknown gene(s) that sensitizes macrophages to the synergistic function of leptin. Therefore, further studies are necessary to examine leptin as a regulatory factor of chemokine production.