• 대한인간공학회지
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.19-28
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• 1987

If an error occurs in the automatic mode when the advanced teleoperator system performs a task in hostile environment, then the mode changes into the manual mode. The operation by program and the operation by hyman recover the error in the manual mode. The system resumew the automatic mode and continues the given task. In order to utilize the inverse kinematics as means of the operation by program in the manual mode, Lee and Nagamachi determined the end point of the robot trajectory planning which varied with the height of the task object recognized by a T.V monitor, solved the end point by the fuzzy set theory, and controlled the position of the robot hand by the inverse kinematics and the posture of the robot hand by the operation by human. But the operation by human did take a lot of task time because the position and the posture of the robot hand were separately controlled. To reduce the task time by human, this paper developes an error recovery expert system (ERES). The position of the robot hand is controlled by the inverse kinematics of the cartesian coordinate system to the end point which is deter- mined by the fuzzy set theory. The posture of the robot hand is controlled by the modulality of the robot hand's motion which is made by the posture of the task object. The knowledge base and the inference engine of the ERES is developed using the muLISP-86 language. The experimental results show that the average task time by human the ERES which was performed by the integration of the position and the posture control of the robot hand is shorter than that of the research, done by the preliminary experiment, which was performed by the separation of the position and the posture control of the robot hand. A further study is likely to research into an even more intelligent robot system control usint a superimposed display and digitizer which can present two-dimensional coordinate of the work space for the convenience of human interaction.

• 제어로봇시스템학회논문지
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• 제21권7호
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• pp.641-647
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• 2015

This paper proposes a new strategy for a quad-rotor to track a moving object efficiently by using image processing and an extended Kalman filter. The goal of path planning for the quad-rotor is to design an optimal path from the start point to the destination point. To lengthen the freight time of the quad-rotor, an optimal path is required to reduce the energy consumption. To track a moving object, the mark signed on the moving object has been detected by a camera mounted first on the quad-rotor. The center coordinates of the mark and its area are calculated through the blob analysis which is one type of image processing. The mark coordinates are utilized to obtain information on the motion direction and the area of the mark is utilized to recognize whether the object moves backward or forward from the camera on the quad-rotor. In addition, an extended Kalman filter has been applied to predict the direction and speed of the dynamically moving object. Through these schemes, it is aimed that the quad-rotor can track the dynamic object efficiently in terms of flight distance and time. Through the two different route freights of the quad-rotor, the performance of the proposed system has been demonstrated.

• 한국시뮬레이션학회논문지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.33-42
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• 2014

본 연구에서는 수상함과 대잠헬기가 협동작전을 수행하는 환경에서의 수상함의 최적 탐색 패턴을 도출하기 위한 시뮬레이션을 수행하였다. 이를 위해 대잠 탐색 작전을 수행하는 수상함과 대잠헬기의 기동 및 탐색 임무를 모델링하였으며, 탐색의 대상이 되는 잠수함의 회피 기동을 확률적 방법으로 모델링 하였다. 또한 수상함과 대잠 헬기가 수행하는 대잠 탐색 임무의 효과도를 정량적으로 측정하기 위한 지표들을 정의하였다. 대잠 탐색 작전의 주요 변수 중 하나인 수상함과 잠수함 예상위치간 초기 거리의 변화에 따른 시나리오들을 생성하였다. 각 시나리오에 대해, 수상함이 단독으로 최적 탐색 패턴에 따라 임무를 수행하는 경우와, 수상함과 대잠헬기가 협동 작전을 수행하는 경우에 대해 시뮬레이션을 수행하였다. 이를 통해 최근까지의 주요 연구 대상이 되어온 수상함들의 단독 작전을 가정한 최적 탐색 패턴으로는, 대잠헬기와의 협동 작전 환경에서 최대의 탐지 효과도를 얻을 수 없음을 밝히고, 협동 작전 환경에서 잠수함 탐지 확률을 최대화 하기위한 수상함의 기동 패턴 재구성 방안을 제안하였다.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.151-162
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• 2016

The purpose of this study is to approach to the phenomenological point of view to explore a design method for providing a variety of spatial experience of the viewer according to the functional changes of the modern museum architecture. For that, this study intends to analysis and consider the Steven Holl's Museum applied to the phenomenological perception for architectural design. The method of this study is summarized as follows: 1) Consider the spatial role and function of the Museum Architecture in the phenomenological approach 2) Study on the phenomenological architectural concepts and expressional method of Steven Holl 3) Finally, propose the utilization for the experiential space that is required to implement the contemporary museum architecture. The results of this study are as follows: 1) Steven Holl's phenomenological architectural concept is the basis of the perception and awareness and has connotations of temporality and it is figured out by the approach to the environment, sense and motion. 2) Steven Holl implement the architecture as a place of experience by connecting between the place and the environment through the development of a variety of scenes and situations and planning the phenomenon of multisensory space. 3) The spatial experience appeared in Steven Holl's museum architecture is implemented through the diversity of the scene, the persistence of the situation, the autonomy of light and color, transparency of the haptic and the potential of the material and geometry.

• 대한건축학회논문집:계획계
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• 제34권11호
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• pp.75-84
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• 2018

This study analyzed users' acceptance and intention to use in addition to needs and preferences of smart home technologies, and identified the differences in technology preference and acceptance by different factors. The subjects were residents in the 40s and 60s residing in the Seoul or suburbs of Seoul, and questionnaires were conducted in the 40s while interviews with questionnaires were conducted in the 60s. A total of 105 questionnaires were used as data, and frequency, mean, crossover, independent sample t test, one-way ANOVA and multiple regression analysis were performaed using SPSS23. The results of this study are as follows. First, hypertension, hyperlipidemia and hypercholesterolemia were the most common diseases among respondents and if there was no discomfort, they would like to continue living in the homes of the current residence. Therefore, the direction of smart home development should support the daily living and health care so that residents can live a healthy life for a long time in their living space. Second, the technologies that residents most need were a control technology of residential environments and a monitoring technology of residents' health and physiological changes. The most preferred sensor types are motion sensors and speech recognition while video cameras have a very low preference. Third, technology anxiety was the most significant factor influencing intention to accept smart home technology. The greater the technology anxiety is, the weaker the acceptance of technology. Fourth, when applying smart residential technology in homes, various resident characteristics should be considered. Age and technology intimacy were the most influential variables, and accordingly there were differences in technology preference and acceptance. Therefore, a user-friendly smart home plan should be done in the consideration of the results.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• 제47권1호
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• pp.8-15
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• 2022

Background: We developed a machine vision technology program that tracks patients' real-time breathing and automatically analyzes their breathing patterns. Materials and Methods: To evaluate its potential for clinical application, the image tracking performance and accuracy of the program were analyzed using a respiratory motion phantom. Changes in the stability and regularity of breathing were observed in healthy adult volunteers according to whether the breathing pattern mirrored the breathing guidance. Results and Discussion: Displacement within a few millimeters was observed in real-time with a clear resolution, and the image tracking ability was excellent. This result was consistent even in the sections where breathing patterns changed rapidly. In addition, the respiratory gating method that reflected the individual breathing patterns improved breathing stability and regularity in all volunteers. Conclusion: The findings of this study suggest that this technology can be used to set the appropriate window and the range of internal target volume by reflecting the patient's breathing pattern during radiotherapy planning. However, further studies in clinical populations are required to validate this technology.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제48권6호
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• pp.691-698
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• 2021

Background The reverse sural artery (RSA) flap is widely used for lower extremity reconstruction. However, patients sometimes suffer from donor site complications such as scar contracture and paresthesia, resulting in dissatisfaction with the aesthetic outcomes. This study investigated the characteristics of donor site morbidity associated with RSA flaps and described our experiences of dealing with complications by performing resurfacing surgery using thoracodorsal artery perforator (TDAP) flaps. Methods From April 2008 to August 2018, a total of 11 patients underwent contracture release and resurfacing surgery using TDAP flaps due to donor morbidity associated with RSA flaps. All affected donor sites were covered with a skin graft, the most common of which was a meshed split-thickness skin graft (six cases). Results Eight of the 11 patients (72.7%) suffered from pain and discomfort due to scar contracture, and seven (63.6%) complained of a depression scar. The donor sites were located 6.3±4.1 cm below the knee joint, and their average size was 140.1 cm². After resurfacing using TDAP flaps, significant improvements were found in the Lower Extremity Functional Scale (LEFS) scores and the active and passive ranges of motion (AROM and PROM) of the knee joint. The LEFS scores increased from 45.1 to 56.7 postoperatively (P=0.003), AROM increased from 108.2° to 118.6° (P=0.003), and PROM from 121.4° to 126.4° (P=0.021). Conclusions Planning of RSA flaps should take into account donor site morbidity. If complications occur at the donor site, resurfacing surgery using TDAP flaps achieves aesthetic and functional improvements.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• 제22권7호
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• pp.21-28
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• 2022

The increase in the number of large cities and the size of their population sharpens attention to the new role of cities as entities to ensure a high-quality, safe and modern life of citizens, which has become significantly more active in recent years. The rapid spread of smart cities in the modern world has actualized the issue of analyzing their success and assessing the role of various factors in this. Every success of a smart city is always the result of a unique combination of the most modern technologies, environmental and social initiatives, skillful and consistent management, as well as available human potential. The purpose of the article is to analyze the success factors of smart cities based on the generalization of the results of the most famous ratings. In order to identify the impact of various factors, primarily intellectual, on the success and leadership positions of smart cities, the following ratings were consistently analyzed: Smart City Index (SCI), City in Motion Index (CIMI), Global Power City Index (GPCI), Global Cities Index (GCI), Global Cities Outlook (GCO). They have a different list of indicators and main pillars (dimensions), but all ratings take into account aspects such as: governance, ICT, mobility, functionality, human capital, etc. The highest correlation coefficient, that is, the strongest linear relationship of the CIMI index was found with such factors as: Human capital, Economy, Governance and Technologies. Summarizing the results of the TOP 20 smart cities according to different ratings allowed us to confirm that the list of leaders is very similar in all ratings. Among those cities that are in the TOP-20 in all five indexes are: London, Sydney and Singapore. There are four indices: New York, Paris, Tokyo, Copenhagen, Berlin, Amsterdam, Melbourne. Achieving leadership positions in smart city rankings is always the result of a combination and synergy of certain factors, and first of all, it is the quality of human capital. The intensity and success of the use of information and communication technologies in locality management processes, city planning and improvement of the city's living conditions depend on it.

• 한국지진공학회논문집
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• 제27권5호
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• pp.221-230
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• 2023

This study proposes a methodology for assessing seismic liquefaction hazard by implementing high-resolution three-dimensional (3D) ground models with high-density/high-precision site investigation data acquired in an area of interest, which would be linked to geotechnical numerical analysis tools. It is possible to estimate the vulnerability of earthquake-induced geotechnical phenomena (ground motion amplification, liquefaction, landslide, etc.) and their triggering complex disasters across an area for urban development with several stages of high-density datasets. In this study, the spatial-ground models for city development were built with a 3D high-precision grid of 5 m × 5 m × 1 m by applying geostatistic methods. Finally, after comparing each prediction error, the geotechnical model from the Gaussian sequential simulation is selected to assess earthquake-induced geotechnical hazards. In particular, with seven independent input earthquake motions, liquefaction analysis with finite element analyses and hazard mappings with LPI and LSN are performed reliably based on the spatial geotechnical models in the study area. Furthermore, various phenomena and parameters, including settlement in the city planning area, are assessed in terms of geotechnical vulnerability also based on the high-resolution spatial-ground modeling. This case study on the high-precision 3D ground model-based zonations in the area of interest verifies the usefulness in assessing spatially earthquake-induced hazards and geotechnical vulnerability and their decision-making support.

• 한국의학물리학회지:의학물리
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.121-128
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• 2022

Purpose: This study evaluated the quality of plans based on magnetic resonance-guided radiotherapy (MRgRT) tri-Co-60, linac, and conventional linac-based volumetric modulated arc therapy (linac-VMAT) for prostate cancer. Methods: Twenty patients suffering from prostate cancer with intermediate risk who were treated by MAT were selected. Additional treatment plans (primary and boost plans) were generated based on MRgRT-tri-Co-60 and MRgRT-linac. The planning target volume (PTV) of MRgRT-based plans was created by adding a 3 mm margin from the clinical target volume (CTV) due to high soft-tissue contrast and real-time motion imaging. On the other hand, the PTV of conventional linac was generated based on a 1 cm margin from CTV. The targets of primary and boost plans were prostate plus seminal vesicle and prostate only, respectively. All plans were normalized to cover 95% of the target volume by 100% of the prescribed dose. Dosimetric characteristics were evaluated for each of the primary, boost, and sum plans. Results: For target coverage and conformity, the three plans showed similar results. In the sum plans, the average value of V_65Gy of the rectum of MRgRT-linac (2.62%±2.21%) was smaller than those of MRgRT tri-Co-60 (9.04%±3.01%) and linac-VMAT (9.73%±7.14%) (P<0.001). In the case of bladder, the average value of V_65Gy of MRgRT-linac was also smaller. Conclusions: In terms of organs at risk sparing, MRgRT-linac shows the best value while maintaining comparable target coverage among the three plans.