• 한국기계가공학회지
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.73-84
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• 2015

Electricity generation using fossil fuels has caused environmental pollution. To solve this problem, research on new renewable energy sources (solar, wind power, geothermal heat, etc.) to replace fossil fuels is ongoing. These devices are able to generate power consistently. However, they have many weaknesses, such as high installation costs and limits to possible setup environments. Therefore, an active study on piezoelectric harvesting technology that is able to surmount the limitations of existing energy technologies is underway. Piezoelectric harvesting technology uses the piezoelectric effect, which occurs in crystals that generate voltage when stress is applied. Therefore, it has advantages, such as a wider installation base and lower technological costs. In this study, a piezoelectric harvesting device imitating seaweed, which has a consistent motion caused by fluid, is used. Thus, it can regenerate electricity at sea or on a bridge pillar, which has a constant turbulent flow. The components of the device include circuitry, springs, an electric generator, and balancing and buoyancy elements. Additionally, multiphysics analysis coupled with fluid, structure, and piezoelectric elements is conducted using COMSOL Multiphysics to evaluate performance. Through this program, displacement and electric power were analyzed, and the actual performance was confirmed by the experiment.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제38권5호
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• pp.381-388
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• 2014

본 연구는 해상풍력발전을 위한 기초적인 연구로서 해상의 상태를 단순히 모사한 파랑에 의한 부유체의 시계열 및 주파수 거동의 특성을 파악하기 위하여 조파기를 구축하고 이의 타당성연구를 하고자 하였다. 소형의 조파수조에 모사된 여러 가지 파고 데이터를 검증하였으며, 단순한 부유형상을 제작하여 설치하고 이의 거동을 해석하였다. 부유체의 거동분석을 위해 하부체에 계류선을 설치 유무에 따라 그 거동특성도 관찰하였다. 부유체 거동을 가시화하기 위하여 부유체 내에 LED를 설치하여 고속카메라를 이용하여 촬영한 이미지를 해석하였다. 그 결과 부유체에 계류선이 설치된 경우 파랑에 의한 힘이 계류선으로 분산이 된다는 것을 알 수 있었다. 또한 부유체의 시계열 거동에 대한 스펙트럼 분석 결과 파랑의 주기가 길어질수록 피크값이 점차 감소한다는 것을 확인하였다.

• 한국해양공학회지
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.317-321
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• 2015

Many kinds of generation systems have been developed to use ocean energy. Among these, with the use of an oscillating water column (OWC) for power generation is attracting attention. The OWC-type wave power generation system converts wave energy into electricity by operating a generator turbine with the oscillating water level in a column of water. There are two ways to convert wave power into electricity using an OWC. One uses a cross-flow turbine using the water level inside the OWC. The other method uses the flow of air in a Wells turbine, which depends on the water level. An experiment was carried out using a 2-D wave tank in order to minimize the number of empirical tests. The design factors were taken from Koo et al. (2012) and the experimental environment assumed by free surface motion. This paper deals with characteristics of two types of wave energy conversion systems combine with a breakwater. One model uses an air-driven Wells turbine and a cross-flow water turbine. The other type uses a cross-flow water turbine. Wave energy converters with OWCs have mostly been studied using air-driven Wells turbines. The efficiency of the cross-flow turbine was about 15% higher than that of the other model, and the water level of the OWC internal chamber for the cross-flow water turbine and air-driven Wells turbine was less than about 40% lower than the one using only the cross-flow water turbine.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.552-558
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• 2011

A 50 kW class rotating body type wave energy converter consisted of two floating bodies and a PTO (Power Takeoff) unit is studied. As an wave energy extractor, the body is designed to have a VLCO (Variable Liquid-Column Oscillator) having a liquid filled U-tube with air chambers. Owing to the oscillation of the liquid in the U-tube caused by the air spring effect of the air chambers, the amplitude of response of the VLCO becomes significantly amplified for a target wave period. The PTO converts the rotational moment introduced from the relative motion of the hinged bodies to an hydraulic power by means of a cylinder. A high pressure accumulator, hydraulic motor and a generator are equipped in the PTO to convert the hydraulic power to electric power. A control law for adjusting the oscillation period of the VLCO is proposed for the efficient operation of the VLCO with various wave conditions. It is found that the effect of the air spring has an important role to play in making the oscillation of the VLCO match with the ocean wave. In this way, the wave energy converter equipped with the VLCO provides the most effective mode for extracting energy from the ocean wave.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제25권10호
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• pp.1346-1354
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• 2001

The heat transfer characteristics off swirling air jet impinging on a heated flat plate have been investigated experimentally. The main object is to enhance the heat transfer rate by increasing turbulence intensity of impinging jet with a specially designed swirl generator. The mean velocity and turbulent intensity profiles of swirling jet were measured using a hot-wire anemomety. The temperature distribution on the heated flat surface was measured with thermocouples. As a result the swirl effect on the local heat transfer rate on the impinging plate is confined mainly in the small nozzle-to-plate spacings such as L/D<3 at the stagnation region. For small nozzle-to-plate spacings, the local heat transfer in the stagnation region is enhanced from the increased turbulence intensity due to swirl motion, compared with the conventional axisymmetric impinging jet without swirl. For example, the local Nusselt number of swirling jet with swirl number Sw=0.75 and Sw=1 is about 9.7-76% higher than that of conventional impinging jet at the radial location of R/D=0.5. With the increase of the nozzle-to-plate distance, the stagnation heat transfer rate is decreased due to the diminishing axial momentum of the swirling jet. However, the swirling impinging jet for all nozzle-to-plate spacings tested in this study does not enhance the average heat transfer rate.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제35권12호
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• pp.1579-1584
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• 2011

본 논문에서는 파도의 에너지를 전기에너지로 변환하는 파력발전시스템에 대해 다루며, 발전기 및 12개의 암을 가진 가동물체형 파력발전기를 기구학적 구속조건을 이용하여 다물체 동역학 모델링 하였다. 새롭게 제안하는 파력발전기의 기어 메커니즘과 구속방정식 및 전달되는 힘요소에 대해 동역학적으로 모델링하였다. 파력은 시간영역에서 모리슨 방정식을 이용하여 수치적으로 계산하여 모델에 적용하였다. 시스템 거동해석을 위해 상용 다물체동역학 해석프로그램인 MSC/ADAMS를 이용하였다. 파력발전시스템의 파도에 대한 안정성을 검토하고 동적 거동 특성을 분석하였다. 하중에 따라 거동 특성을 분석한 결과 Yaw 운동은 상대적으로 적게 나타났으며 파고 1 m 이상일 경우 충분한 운동에너지가 발생함을 알 수 있다.

• 한국지진공학회논문집
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.33-42
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• 2007

본 연구에서는 원전내 주요 안전관련 기기중 비상디젤발전기를 대상으로 한 진동대 실험을수행하였다. 원전의 비상디젤 발전기는 원전 전체의 노심손상빈도에 미치는 영향이 매우 크며 또한 면진장치를 설치하여 지진력을 저감시킬 경우 큰 폭으로 노심손상빈도를 감소시킬 수 있으며, 가동중 발생하는 소음과 진동으로 인하여 주변 구조물과 기기에 영향을 미치기도 한다. 따라서 지진력 저감과 기계 진동의 저감효과를 동시에 고려하기 위한 면진장치를 적용하여 그 효과를 평가하여 보고자하였다. 면진장치로는 코일스프링과 점성 댐퍼가 결합된 형태의 면진장치를 선정하였다. 실험의 대상으로 하는 비상디젤발전기는 영광 5,6호기에 설치되어 있는 모델로서 축소모형을 제작하였으며, 제작된 모형에 적합한 코일스프링-점성댐퍼 시스템을 설계하여 제작하였다. 제작된 면진장치를 축소모형에 설치하여 설계지진을 이용한 진동대 시험을 수행하여 지진력 저감효과를 분석하였다 본 연구를 통하여 설계지진의 경우 20% 그리고 Scenario 지진의 경우 70% 까지의 지진력 저감이 가능한 것을 확인하였으며, 면진장치의 기계적 특성이 설계값과 일치하지 않음으로 인하여 실제 지진력 저감효과가 크게 변할 수 있음을 확인할 수 있었다.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제21권5호
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• pp.615-627
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• 1997

An experiment was performed to local heat transfer coefficient and Nusselt number in the circular duct of 180.deg. bend for Re=6*10$^{4}$, 8*10$^{4}$ and 1*10$^{5}$ at swirling flow and non-swirling flow conditions. The test tube with circular section was made by stainless which has curvature ratio 9.4. The wall of test tube was heated directly by electrical power to 3.51 kw and swirling motion of air was produced by a tangential inlet to the pipe axis at the 180 degree. Measurements of local wall temperatures and bulk mean temperature of air are made at four circumferential positions in the 16 stations. The wall temperatures show particularly reduced distribution curve at bend for non-swirling flow but this effect does not appear for swirling flow. Nusselt number distributions for swirling flow which was calculated from the measured wall and bulk temperatures were higher than that of non-swirling flow. Average Nusselt number of swirling flow increased about 90 ~ 100% than that of non-swirling flow whole through the test tube. The Nu/N $u_{DB}$ values at the station of 90.deg. for non-swirling flow and swirling flow are respectively about 2.5 and 4.8 at Re=6*10$^{4}$. Also that is good agreement with Said's result for non-swirling flow. flow.

• 한국정보과학회논문지:소프트웨어및응용
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• 제30권11호
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• pp.1044-1053
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• 2003

본 논문에서는 과학 교육 분야에서 기존의 교육방식이 갖고 있는 한계성을 극복하고 교육 및 학습 효과를 향상시키기 위한 방안으로 역감 제시 장치를 이용한 가상 현실 시스템을 제안한다. 제안된 시스템의 효용성과 응용가능성, 활용방법을 효과적으로 나타낼 수 있는 4가지 과학세계로 구성된 가상 과학 체험 공간을 구축하여 미시 세계에서는 원자간의 현상을, 마찰 세계에서는 스틱-슬립 마찰현상을, 기전 세계에서는 모터 및 발전기의 원리를, 거시 세계에서는 코리올리스 가속도로 인한 물리적 현상을 각 세계에서 역학적으로 모델링하고 역감 제시 장치와 인터페이스를 위한 에뮬레이션 기법을 고안한다. 그리고, 역감 제시 장치, HMD(Head Mounted Displays), 가상환경(스테레오 그래픽스와 GUI)을 포함한 디지털 제어기로 구성된 가상 과학 체험 시스템을 구축한다. 끝으로 본 연구를 통해 교육의 보조 매체와 학습의 도구로서 효율성을 극대화시키기 위한 가상 과학 체험 공간의 설계 및 구현에 관한 고려사항을 제시한다.

• 한국해양공학회지
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• 제34권6호
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• pp.454-460
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• 2020

In 2019, the Korean government announced the 3rd Basic Plan for Energy, which included expanding the rate of renewable energy generation by 30-40% by 2040. Hence, offshore wind power generation, which is relatively easy to construct in large areas, should be considered. The East Sea coast of Korea is a sea area where the depth reaches 50 m, which is deeper than the west coast, even though it is only 2.5 km away from the coastline. Therefore, for offshore wind power projects on the East Sea coast, a floating offshore wind power should be considered instead of a fixed one. In this study, a response analysis was performed by applying the analytical conditions of IEC61400-3-2 for the design of floating offshore wind power generation systems. In the newly revised IEC61400-3-2 international standard, design load cases to be considered in floating offshore wind power systems are specified. The upper structure applied to the numerical analysis was a 5-MW-class wind generator developed by the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), and the marine environment conditions required for the analysis were based on the Ulsan Meteorological Buoy data from the Korea Meteorological Administration. The FAST v8 developed by NREL was used in the coupled analysis. From the simulation, the maximum response of the six degrees-of-freedom motion and the maximum load response of the joint part were compared. Additionally, redundancy was verified under abnormal conditions. The results indicate that the platform has a maximum displacement radius of approximately 40 m under an extreme sea state, and when one mooring line is broken, this distance increased to approximately 565 m. In conclusion, redundancy should be verified to determine the design of floating offshore wind farms or the arrangement of mooring systems.