• 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2005.07a
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• pp.679-683
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• 2005

In this study, we investigate the characteristic of the poly-Si grain and morphology influenced by XeCl excimer laser system. The stable laser beam source is basic requested; the irradiation beam through optical lens module is more important which limit the grain size smaller than $0.5{\mu}m$. The homogenization lens designs control the poly-Si grain size; so we hardly get enlarge grain size by one laser irradiation scan.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.132-142
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• 2003

This study is performed to investigate the characteristics of the palatal morphology of the children with anterior crossbite in Hellman dental age IIIA by 3-dimensional laser scanner. Totally 40 study casts were taken; 20 were from children with crossbite and another 20 were from normal occlusion as a control. Each cast was scanned by 3 dimension laser scanner and shaped by the 3 dimension image by rapidform 2000 program(INUS, Korea). And finally it was calculated by Rhino 3D program(Rhinoceros, USA). The intercanine, intermolar cross-sectioned transverse plane and sagittal plane were measured. Due to the variations in palatal morphology, each group was standardized into 25mm, 35mm, 35mm. By sectioning standardized curves of the Palatal morphology per 1mm, the palatal depth of each point was calculated. Through these complex methods, the mean curves of the palatal morphology could be obtained and the values were statistically compared and evaluated by T-test with 95% of significance level. The results were as follows: 1. In the intercanine cross-sectioned transverse plane, the mean curve of palatal morphology of crossbite group was flatter V shape than that of control group, however, there was no statistical significance was found between two groups(P>0.05). 2. In the intermolar cross-sectioned transverse plane, the mean curve of palatal morphology of crossbite was deeper all over the area than that of control group, and the statistical significance was found in the middle area from point 8 to 21(P<0.05). 3. In the sagittal plane, the mean curve of palatal morphology of crossbite group was more deepening as approaching posteriorly than that of control group, and the statistical significance was found in all over the area(P<0.01).

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2002.07c
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• pp.1533-1535
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• 2002

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were grown with high density on a large area of Ni-coated silicon oxide substrates by using an inductively coupled plasma-chemical vapor deposition (ICP-CVD) of $C_2H_2$ at temperatures ranging from 600 to $700^{\circ}C$. The Ni catalyst was formed using an RF magnetron sputtering system with varying the operating pressure and exposure time of $NH_3$ plasma. The surface morphology of nickel catalyst films and CNTs was examined by SEM and AFM. The graphitized structure of CNTs was confirmed by Ramman spectra, SEM, and TEM. The growth of CNTs was observed to be strongly influenced by the surface morphology of Ni catalyst, which depended on the pre-treatment time and growth temperature. Dense CNTs with uniform-sized grains were successfully grown by ICP-CVD.

• Animal cells and systems
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.17-22
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• 2007

The effects of antimetabolite 6-AN (6-amino-nicotinamide) on viability and morphology of L6 myoblast cells have been investigated. 6-AN ($100{\mu}M$) induced a time-dependent decrease in cell viability with respect to the untreated control cells. Following 6-AN administration the viability rate started to decline sharply, reaching about 23% of the untreated control cells at 48 h. Inverted phase-contrast microscopy revealed that 6-AN caused characteristic morphological changes such as irregularly elongated and stellate shape of cells, round-shaped nucleus, cytoplasmic vacuolization, irregular cell arrangements and formation of large spaces among cell clusters. The concentrations of ATP and $NAD^{+}$ in the 6-AN treated cells were significantly lower (p < 0.01) than those of the untreated control cells. In contrast, the concentration of AMP was significantly increased by the 6-AN treatment. Activities of catalase, superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase in 6-AN treated cells were significantly higher (p < 0.01) than those of the untreated control cells. The activities of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase in 6-AN treated cells were significantly lower (p < 0.01) than those of the untreated control cells. The results suggest that 6-AN caused marked reduction of cell viability and alterations of some important metabolites and enzymes.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.95-103
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• 1980

In our country there are five species of Morus genus including Morus alba L.. Also their varieties and hybrids are distributed so much. In sucession of previous report we collected control and marketing specimens of Mori Cortex Radicis, comparative experiments were pharmacognostically carried out to identify the control specimen by the differences of external and internal morphology. It was difficult to identify marketing specimens by external morphology, because they are similar in spite of conparating with control specimen which the origin is definite. In internal morphology, medullary ray is developed near the cambium to primary bark in control specimen A(Morus alba series) and C(M. Lhou series), but less developed in B(M. bombycis series). The difference of these three series was observed. The thickness of cork layer is almost the same($7{\sim}12$ layers) in A and C series, but B is thin layer and sample E(that on the market) is generally more thick and has a stick cork cell. The kinds of starch, Ca-oxalate and latex, cell centents were same, but it was easy to identify them by the differences of their distribution. The bast fibre of D(wild specimen) and E were light lignified, latex tube of A and C series was richer distributed than others. These results show that the origin of Mori Cortex Radicis on the market can be appreciated in four groups of Korean Morus genus which are M. alba, M. bambycis, M. Lhou series and the others.

• Proceedings of the KSRS Conference
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• 2007.03a
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• pp.188-191
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• 2007

The Han River is divided into North and South Korea by NLL(Northern Limit Line) and its area has been blocked by CCL(Civil Control Line) since the Korean War in 1950. Satellite remote sensing, therefore, is uniquely suited to monitoring bar transformation in the region. In river with bar, the characteristics of its physical conditions have a close relationship with bar morphology. In this paper, a monitoring approach of bar transformation in the Han River Estuary is presented using RADARSAT/SAR images from 2000 to 2005 and spatial patterns of bar morphology are presented. it could be said that in the estuary vegetated area and natural levees are developed well, but bars are shifted after an event like a flood. It is also showed that suspended solids such as silt transported through the estuary could contribute highly to a sedimentation environment around Incheon.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 2008.06a
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• pp.377-378
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• 2008

Morphology is one of important issues when developing a layer of CVD-W. we need to control the process more precisely that is filling gaps between BL(bit line)and DC(direct contact). Whereas we are facing to difficulties like not-filling contacts due to marginal problems in deposition and etching process. This paper is for investigating a method to resolve morphology problem with strengthening the condition of seasoning.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.710-715
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• 2002

The spherical nonagglomerated and uniform nanometer-size SiO$_2$particles are synthesized by the injection of TEOS vapor, irons and reaction gas in a furnace. Ions are generated by corona discharge and these ions charge SiO$_2$particles. As a result, spherical, nonagglomerated and ultrafine particles are generated in various conditions. Their morphology, charging portion and size distribution are examined by using TEM, ESP and SMPS. As the applied voltage of electrode changes from 0 to 5.0 kV, it is observed that the melon diameter of SiO$_2$particle decreases from 94 nm to 42 nm.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.32 no.10
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• pp.3571-3574
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• 2011

Nano-scaled metal oxides have been attractive materials for sensors, photocatalysis, and dye-sensitization for solar cells. We report the controlled synthesis and characterization of single crystalline $TiO_2$ nanowires via a catalyst-assisted vapor-liquid-solid (VLS) and vapor-solid (VS) growth mechanism during TiO powder evaporation. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and transmission electron microscope (TEM) studies show that as grown $TiO_2$ materials are one-dimensional (1D) nano-structures with a single crystalline rutile phase. Also, energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy indicates the presence of both Ti and O with a Ti/O atomic ratio of 1 to 2. Various morphologies of single crystalline $TiO_2$ nano-structures are realized by controlling the growth temperature and flow rate of carrier gas. Large amount of reactant evaporated at high temperature and high flow rate is crucial to the morphology change of $TiO_2$ nanowire.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.178-182
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• 2003

Vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizae (VAM) fungi naturally colonise American ginseng roots and this relationship is highly beneficial to enhance plant productivity. Our goal was to determine the effect of adding two Glomus species (Glomus etuticatum, G. intraradices) on survival, photosynthetic capacity, growth, morphology and root ginsenoside content of one-year-old American ginseng plants grown in a broadleaf forest. While our study revealed that VAM inoculations significantly affected root morphology and Re ginsenoside content, the survival, photosynthetic capacity and root growth of American ginseng plants were not significantly influenced by VAM inoculations. Surface area and volume of rootlets were 16-25% higher for ginseng grown in VAM-inoculated soil compared to those grown in the control plots. Also, Re ginsenoside content was 18 ％ higher in YAM-inoculated roots compared to controls.