• Mycobiology
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• v.43 no.4
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• pp.402-407
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• 2015

Two new fungal species of the genus Talaromyces, Talaromyces purpurogenus and Talaromyces trachyspermus from the Trichocomaceae family, were recovered during an investigation of fungal communities in soil collected from the Gangwon-do and Jeollanam-do provinces of Korea. These two species have not been previously officially reported from Korea. In this study, detailed descriptions of internal transcribed spacer rDNA and beta-tubulin gene regions of these two fungi are presented. Morphological features of the two fungi in five agar media, potato dextrose, oatmeal, malt extract, czapek yeast extract, and yeast extract sucrose, are also reported. The species were identified on the basis of molecular and morphological analysis, and herein we present data with detailed descriptions and figures.

• The Korean Journal of Zoology
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.200-216
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• 1990

The complete larval development of Scopimera bitympana Shen was descdbed and mustrated from the larvae reared in the lahoratory. S bItympana had five, or occasionally six, zoeal and one megalopal stages. At $25^{\circ}C$, the megalopa and the first crab instar were attained in 24 and 38 days (31 and 48 days in six zoeal series) after hatching respectively. S.bitympana zoeae can be distinguished from other described zoeae in the genus by the toothed carapace spines and the telson with a dorsal and two ventral spines. Megalopa of this species can be distinguished from other ScopimeTa spedes by the feature of carapace. Other minor morphological features of S. bitympana larvae are compared to the previous descripdons of larvae of the genus and the morphological differences are briefly discussed.

• Mycobiology
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• v.45 no.4
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• pp.286-296
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• 2017

Ulleung Island is a biodiversity hotspot in South Korea. During a survey of indigenous fungal species from Ulleung Island conducted from 2015 to 2016, we discovered 10 unrecorded macrofungi in Korea. These macrofungi were identified to the species level using morphological features and phylogenetic analysis based on the internal transcribed spacer region: Deconica phyllogena, Mycena zephirus, Phaeomarasmius proximans, Phlebia radiata, Pluteus semibulbosus, Postia alni, Resinicium pinicola, Scytinostroma portentosum, Tricholomopsis flammula, and Tyromyces kmetii. We also provide detailed morphological descriptions for these 10 species.

• Ocean and Polar Research
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• v.43 no.4
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• pp.245-253
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• 2021

Surirella atomus Hustedt 1955, surirelloid diatom, were obtained from Hampyeong Bay, Mu-an, in the west coast of Korea. We describe the first record of S. atomus in Korea and report its ultrastructure and molecular characteristics for the first time. For molecular analysis, rbcL gene and cob gene were sequenced. This species is very small in size, making it difficult to observe its morphological features under a light microscope. Even with a scanning electron microscope, it has no unique structure in the valve. It is morphologically very simple. This rare species was known as a marine benthic species. However, it appears to be widely distributed in marine, freshwater, and brackish environments according to the literature documenting this species. In terms of phylogeny, S. atomus has been tentatively linked to Petrodictyon gemma, but the phylogenetic placement of S. atomus seems to be still uncertain, in a manner that is similar to S. febigeri. However, morphological observations derived from this study suggest that this species belongs to the genus Surirella.

• International Journal of Oral Biology
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• v.44 no.3
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• pp.108-114
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• 2019

In the present study, rutile phase titanium dioxide nanoparticles ($R-TiO_2$ NPs) were prepared by hydrolysis of titanium tetrachloride in an aqueous solution followed by calcination at $900^{\circ}C$. The composition of $R-TiO_2$ NPs was determined by the analysis of X-ray diffraction data, and the characteristic features of $R-TiO_2$ NPs such as the surface functional group, particle size, shape, surface topography, and morphological behavior were analyzed by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, dynamic light scattering, and zeta potential measurements. The average size of the prepared $R-TiO_2$ NPs was 76 nm, the surface area was $19m^2/g$, zeta potential was -20.8 mV, and average hydrodynamic diameter in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO)-$H_2O$ solution was 550 nm. The 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and morphological observations revealed that $R-TiO_2$ NPs were cytocompatible with oral cancer cells, with no inhibition of cell growth and proliferation. This suggests the efficacy of $R-TiO_2$ NPs for the aesthetic white pigmentation of teeth.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.47 no.1
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• pp.19-27
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• 2019

We extracted arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal (AMF) spores from rhizospheres of three plants from Upo Wetland, Korea. We identified the isolated AMF spores based on morphological characteristics and phylogenetic analysis of partial 18S rDNA nucleotide sequences. The species diversity of AMF spores was calculated among the study sites and host plants. Consequently, nine species from six genera of AMF spores were identified. We confirmed the species diversity of the AMF spores in rhizospheres affected by host plants in the wetland. In the course of this study, we confirmed a previously unreported AMF species in Korea: Diversispora epigaea. We described the morphological features and molecular characteristics of this previously unreported AMF species.

• Journal of Species Research
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.78-85
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• 2021

Heterorhabdus papilliger (Claus, 1863) is newly reported from the Tsushima Warm Current realm of the southern Korean waters. Its morphological diagnostic characteristics generally agreed well with the original description and the previous records of H. papilliger. The female of H. papilliger can be recognized by the genital somite, which in lateral view has a more or less rounded genital prominence and an uninflated posterior ventral margin; the second exopodal segment of male right leg 5 with the medial projection with a large, rounded, plumose proximal lobe, and a poorly developed distal lobe. The genetic difference for the partial mtCOI gene between Korean specimens and H. papilliger from Spain and Japan of the same clade is 0.4%, while the difference between Korean specimens is 0.5%. However, the interspecific difference for the mtCOI gene between H. papilliger from the Korean waters and the other Heterorhabdus species is in the range of 14.7-20.8%, suggesting that the former is a valid species.

• Proceedings of the National Institute of Ecology of the Republic of Korea
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• v.3 no.3
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• pp.172-177
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• 2022

Two unrecorded fungi, Diaporthe perseae and Fusarium falciforme, were isolated from soil sampled from Dokdo in Korea. There have been many reports of Diaporthe sp. and Fusarium sp. in mainland Korea but none of them have reported in Dokdo so far. We used the morphological features and two molecular markers including the internal transcribed spacer and translation elongation factor 1-α region to compare and analyze these species with the closely related taxa. As a result, we confirmed that these fungi were unrecorded soil fungi in Korea. Then, the cultural and morphological characteristics such as the conidia of these two fungal species could be clarified. These results are expected to help us to understand the distribution of fungi in Dokdo and manage the Dokdo Island Natural Reserve.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.22 no.7
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• pp.220-228
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• 2022

Image always carry useful information, detecting a text from scene images is imperative. The proposed work's purpose is to recognize scene text image, example boarding image kept on highways. Scene text detection on highways boarding's plays a vital role in road safety measures. At initial stage applying preprocessing techniques to the image is to sharpen and improve the features exist in the image. Likely, morphological operator were applied on images to remove the close gaps exists between objects. Here we proposed a two phase algorithm for extracting and recognizing text from scene images. In phase I text from scenery image is extracted by applying various image preprocessing techniques like blurring, erosion, tophat followed by applying thresholding, morphological gradient and by fixing kernel sizes, then canny edge detector is applied to detect the text contained in the scene images. In phase II text from scenery image recognized using MSER (Maximally Stable Extremal Region) and OCR; Proposed work aimed to detect the text contained in the scenery images from popular dataset repositories SVT, ICDAR 2003, MSRA-TD 500; these images were captured at various illumination and angles. Proposed algorithm produces higher accuracy in minimal execution time compared with state-of-the-art methodologies.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.47 no.4
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• pp.273-282
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• 2020

In Vietnam, Celastrus hindsii Benth, a medicinal plant rich in secondary metabolites, has been used to alleviate distress caused by ulcers, tumors, and inflammation for generations. The occurrence of two phenotypes, Broad Leaf (BL) and Narrow Leaf (NL), has raised questions about the selection of appropriate varieties for conservation and crop improvement to enhance medicinal properties. This study examined molecular differences in C. hindsii by comparing protein profiles between the NL and BL types using 2D-PAGE and MS. Peptide sequences and proteins were identified by matching MS data against the MSPnr100 databases and verified using the MultiIdent tool on ExPASy and the Blast2GO software. Our results revealed notable variations in protein abundance between the NL and BL proteomes. Selected proteins were confidently identified from 12 protein spots, thereby highlighting the molecular variation between NL and BL proteomes. Upregulated proteins in BL were found to be associated with flavonoid and amino acid biosynthesis as well as nuclease metabolism, which probably attributed to the intraspecific variations. Several bioactive proteins identified in this study can have applications in cancer therapeutics. Therefore, the BL phenotype characterized by healthier external morphological features has higher levels of bioactive compounds and could be better suited for medicinal use.