• Macromolecular Research
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.260-266
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• 2003

Ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA)/clay nanocomposites were synthesized by blending a solution of ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer containing 12% vinyl acetate abbreviated as EVA-12 in toluene and dispersion of dodecyl ammonium ion intercalated montmorillonite (l2Me-MMT) in N,N-dimethyl acetamide (DMAc). X-ray patterns of sodium montmorillonite ($Na^+$-MMT) and 12Me-MMT exhibited $d_{001}$ peak at $2{\theta}=7.4^{\circ}$ and $2{\theta}=5.6^{\circ}$ respectively; that is, the interlayer spacing of MMT increased by about 0.39 nm due to intercalation of dodecyl ammonium ions. The XRD trace of EVA showed no peak in the angular range of $3-10^{\circ}(2{\theta})$. In the XRD patterns of EVA/clay hybrids with clay content up to 6 wt% the basal reflection peak of 12Me-MMT was absent. leading to the formation of delaminated configuration of the composites. When the 12Me-MMT content was 8 wt% in the EVA-12 matrix, the hybrid revealed a peak at about $2{\theta}=5.6^{\circ}$, owing to the aggregation of aluminosilicate layers. Transmission electron microscopic photograph exhibited that an average size of 12-15 nm clay layers were randomly and homogeneously dispersed in the polymer matrix, which led to the formation of nanocomposite with delaminated configuration. The formation of delaminated nanocomposites was manifested through the enhancement of mechanical properties and thermal stability, e.g. tensile strength of an hybrid containing only 2 wt% 12Me-MMT was enhanced by about 36% as compared with neat EVA-12.

• 폴리머
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.166-171
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• 2010

Polydimethylsiloxane(PDMS) macroinitiator를 이용하여 N-isopropylacrylamide(NIPAAm)와 [3- (methacryloylamino)propyl]trimethyl ammonium montmorillonite(MAPTAC-MMT)를 중합하여 주사슬에 PDMS 블록을 가지며 nano clay(montmorillonite)를 가진 PNIPAAm 중합체를 합성하여 FT-IR과 XRD를 이용하여 확인하고 DSC를 이용하여 열적 성질을 조사하였으며 중합체의 온도에 따른 수팽윤도를 구하였다. DSC 측정 결과 poly(NIPAAm-b-PDMS) 속의 PNIPAAm과 PDMS는 분리된 상으로 존재했으며, 소수성인 PDMS의 함량이 증가함에 따라 수팽윤도는 감소하였으나 LCST 값은 큰 변화가 없었다. 또한, PNIPAAm의 유리전이온도 ($T_g$)는 분리된 상으로 인해 큰 변화가 없었다. 또한, 나노입자의 첨가는 전반적으로 수팽윤도에는 영향을 주지 않았으나 중합체의 $T_g$의 값은 감소하였다.

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정밀공학회 2006년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.507-508
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• 2006

It is well-known that the mechanical properties of MMT (montmorillonite) nanocomposites are better than those of conventional composites. One of problems in fabricating MMT nanocomposites is a dispersion of nanoparticles in the composites. In this study, tensile tests were performed using universal testing machine to determine the effect of clay reinforced on the MMT/epoxy nanocomposites. It was found that the elastic modulus of nanocomposites was higher than that of pure epoxy irrespective of surface modification. Because MMT clay hod Strain of nanocomposite as a result of reinforced effect

• Fibers and Polymers
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.229-234
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• 2006

Poly(vinyl acetate) (PVAc)/poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)/montmorillonite (MMT) clay nanocomposite microspheres with a core/shell structure have been developed via a suspension polymerization approach. In order to prepare the PVAc/ MMT and PVAc/PVA/MMT nanocomposite microspheres, which are promising precursor of PVA/MMT nanocomposite microspheres, suspension polymerization of vinyl acetate with organophilic MMT and heterogeneous saponification were conducted. A quaternary ammonium salt, cetyltrimethylammonium bromide, was mixed with the MMT in the monomer phase prior to the suspension polymerization. The rate of conversion decreased with an increase in MMT concentration. The incorporation of MMT into the PVAc was verified by FT-IR spectroscopy. Organic vinyl acetate monomers were intercalated into the interlayer regions of organophilic clay hosts and followed by suspension polymerization. Partially saponified PVA/MMT nanocomposite microspheres with a core/shell structure were successfully prepared by heterogeneous saponification.

• 폴리머
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• 제27권5호
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• pp.458-463
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• 2003

표면처리된 몬모릴로나이트 (montmorillonite, MMT)가 PP 나노복합재료의 열안정성에 미 치는 영향을 조사하였다. $Na^{+}$-MMT는 dodecylammonium chloride를 이용하여 유기적으포 개질하였다. 비표면적 ( $S_{BET}$), 평형확산압력 ($\pi$$_{e}$ ), 그리고 비극성 요소 (${\gamma}$ $s^{L}$)를 포함하는 표면 특성은 $N_2$ 흡착을 이용하는 BET 방법을 이용하여 고찰하였다. 또한, 나노복합재료의 열안정성은 시차주사열량계 (DSC)와 열중량 분석기 (TGA)를 통해 알아보았다. 실험 결과, 오존처리된 dodecylammonium chloride (DA-MK ( $O_3$))의 $\pi$$_{e}$ 과 ${\gamma}$ $s^{L}$는 1.7과 3.5 mJ/ $m^2$로 증가하였는데, 이는 미세기공이 증가하기 때문으로 판단된다. DSC 결과로부터, PP/DA-MK와 PP/DA-MK ( $O_3$)의 용융 온도와 결정화 온도는 순수한 PP보다 더 높았는데, 이러한 결과는 나노크기의 DA-MK가 PP 결정화를 위한 핵생성 효과를 유도하기 때문으로 판단된다. 또한, PP/DA-MK ( $O_3$) 나노복합재료의 열안정성은 64 kJ/mol 향상되었는데, 이는 PP 매트릭스 내 DA-MK ( $O_3$)의 분산성 향상에 기인하는 것으로 판단된다.단된다.다.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.112-116
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• 2005

Composite films were prepared with soy protein isolate (SPI) and various clay minerals by casting from polymer and clay water suspension. Effects of clay minerals on film thickness, moisture content (MC), tensile strength (TS), elongation at break (E), water vapor permeability (WVP), and water solubility (WS) were tested. Properties including thickness, surface smoothness, and homogeneity of films prepared with organically modified montmorillonite (O-MMT), Wamok clay (W-clay), bentonite, talc powder, and zeolite were comparable to those of control SPI films. TS increased significantly (p<0.05) in films prepared with O-MMT and bentonite, while WVP decreased significantly (p<0.05) in bentonite-added films. WS of most nanocomposite films decreased significantly (p<0.05).

• 한국포장학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국포장학회 2006년도 정기총회 및 추계학술발표대회
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• pp.54-73
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• 2006

Four different types of chitosan-based nanocomposite films were prepared using a solvent casting method by incorporating with four types of nanoparticles, i.e., an unmodified montmorillonite (Na-MMT), an organically modified montmorillonite (Cloisite 30B), a Nano-silver, and a Ag-zeolite (Ag-Ion). X-ray diffraction patterns of the nanocomposite films indicated that a certain degree of intercalation was formed in the nanocomposite films, with the highest intercalation in the Na-MMT-incorporated films followed by films with Cloisite 30B and Ag-Ion. SEM micrographs showed that in all the nanocomposite films, except the Nanosilver-incorporated one, nanoparticles were dispersed homogeneously throughout the chitosan polymer matrix. Consequently, mechanical and barrier properties of chitosan films were affected through intercalation of nanoparticles, i.e., tensile strength (TS) increased by 7-16%, while water vapor permeability (WVP) decreased by 25-30% depending on the nanoparticle material tested. In addition, chitosan-based nanocomposite films, especially silver-containing ones, showed a promising range of antimicrobial activity.

• 폴리머
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.129-134
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• 2003

몬모릴로나이트에 사슬 길이가 긴 알킬기를 삽입하면 층간 거리가 증가할 뿐만 아니라 소수성도 증가하며 이와 같은 특성은 다양한 고분자에 적용하여 나노복합체를 형성할 때 몬모릴로나이트의 박리거동에 영향을 미치는 것으로 알려져 있다. 본 연구에서는 물/이소프로필 알코올 용액에 몬모릴로나이트를 분산하고 여러 치환 구조를 가지고 있는 알킬 아민들의 암모늄염을 이용하여 친유성 몬모릴로나이트를 제조하여 열분해 특성, 층간 간격, 소수성 등을 조사하였다. X-선 회절 실험에 의해 알킬 치환기의 길이가 증가함에 따라 실리케이트 층간 간격이 13.1 $\AA$에서 29.4 $\AA$까지 증가함을 확인하였으며 또한 알킬 아민에 치환된 알킬 사슬의 수에 따라 친유성 몬모릴로나이트의 흡수성은 2.7%까지 감소하는 것을 확인하였다.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제37권5호
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• pp.426-433
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• 2009

This study investigates the tensile and morphological properties of nanocomposites prepared from poly(lactic acid) (PLA), wood flour (WF) and montmorillonite (MMT) by melt compounding with a twin screw extruder. In order to enhance the mechanical properties of PLA/WF composites, maleic anhydride grafted PLA (MAPLA) is synthesized as a compatibilizer. MAPLA prepared in the laboratory is characterized using FT-IR (Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy). From the results of X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis for nanocomposites, we confirmed that silicate layers of MMT are intercalated and partially exfoliated. When 2 wt% MAPLA is added, the tensile strength and modulus of PLA/WF/MAPLA composites were higher than those of the PLA/WF composite. The addition of MMT increases the tensile modulus of PLA/WF/MAPLA composites but decreases the tensile strength.

• 공업화학
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.212-216
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• 2005

아연도금 강판의 부식을 방지하기 위하여, 방청제로서 사용하고 있는 벤조트리아졸을 유기화제로 사용하여 이를 Na-montmorillonite (Na-MMT)에 삽입시켰다. 이것을 XRD로 관찰한 결과 벤조트리아졸의 삽입으로 인하여 MMT의 층간 거리가 증가하였음을 보여주고 있다. 그리고 코팅액으로 사용하기 위하여 벤조트리아졸이 삽입된 MMT를 이용하여 수용성 poly(ethylene-co-acrylic acid) (PEA) 나노복합재료를 제조하였다. 나노복합재료는 PEA 매트릭스에 실리케이트가 단일층으로 잘분산되어 있는 박리형 나노복합재료임을 보여주고 있다. 이것을 인용하여 아연도금강판에 코팅하여 염소분무 시험한 결과 금속의 내식성을 현저히 증가시켰다. 이러한 결과는 PEA 매트릭스에 균일하게 분산되어 있는 실리케이트 층에 의한 산소투과도 감소와 방청제의 효과에 의한 것이다.