• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.84-96
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• 1999

This study was conducted to identity the degree of burden and social support perceived by mothers of nephrotic syndrome patients. Also, relations between burden and social support were investigated to provide basis data for their family health and nursing intervention. The study subjects were mothers of nephrotic syndrome patients whose children were hospitalized in 2 Pediatric wards of University Hospital in Seoul and 1 in Pusan from Jun. 1, 1998 to Jun. 30, 1998. Burden measurement Instrument for this study was designed by the researcher and its basis in one developed by Montgomery et al.(1985) and the reliability was .78. Also. P.R.Q. Part I, II by Brandt and Weinert(1981) was used as social support measurement instrument and the reliability .71. The data analysis was done by SPSS, t-test, ANOVA Pearson correlation. The result were as follows. 1. Burden felt by mothers shows an average value of 60.82 (Maximum 86, Standard deviation 1.244). 2. Of the mother characteristics, the score of burden was high in case of no religion and low income. Of the patient characteristics, the score burden ranked as high MCNS, doing oral therapy, injection therapy at the same time and negative perceived patients condition. 3. The mean score of support was 77.54(Maximum 96, Standard deviation 1.096). 4. The main supporters were husband (the highest), brother, sister, health speciality and the subject expressed the highest satisfaction toward supporters in chronic disease. 5. Of the patient characteristics, the higher age group and the elder group showed high support. Also, positive perceived patient's condition, high support. 6. The relationship between burden and social support is not significant. In conclusion to the above study, the researcher suggests. 1. The Qualitative research to investigate influential factors on burden of family of nephrotic syndrome patients is needed.

• Korean Journal of Bronchoesophagology
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.10-14
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• 2005

Background and Objectives : Laryngotracheal stenosis in bum patients with inhalation have features distinct from other stenosis after intubation or tracheostomy. However few studies have been reported and the incidence was reported variable. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the clinical manifestation and the incidence of laryngotracheal stenosis in bum patients with inhalation. Methods We retrospectively analyzed 138 bum Patients diagnosed inhalation injury who admitted to Hangang Sacred Heart Hospital from July 2002 to June 2004. Result : 5 patients were developed laryngotracheal stenosis. The incidence of Laryngotracheal stenosis in bum patients with inhalation was $3\%$. Symptom developed early in 2 patients, late in 3 patients.4 patients required trachostomy as initial airway support. The location of stenosis is subglottic region except 1 patient. Montgomery T-tube was inserted in 3 patients, and Single-stage laryngotracheal reconstruction was performed in 1 patient. Conclusion Incidence of laryngotracheal stenosis in our study is lower than other reports due to late presentation of symptom and early discharge after acute bum stage. Inhalation injury may lead to severe complication and sequelae, therefore physicians should be have a awareness for early diagnosis and all burn patients who have a history of inhalation injury should be followed closely.

• Journal of Korean Academic Society of Home Health Care Nursing
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.5-12
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• 2011

Purpose: This study propose basic materials to prepare the mentally disabled for rehabilitation nursing mediating plans, by comparing the degree of self-care of the chronically mentally disabled residing in community mental health centers between those who participate in daytime rehabilitation programs and those who do not as well as the degree of perceived burden of the two groups' families. Method: The subjects of the study were 51 chronically mentally disabled men, who participated in daytime rehabilitation programs in three mental health centers in Gyeonggi-do and their families, and 53 in-house chronically mentally disabled men, who did not participate and their families. The measuring instrument for self-care consisted of ten spheres (65 questions and 5 points a standard). To quantify the feeling of burden of families, the measuring equipment developed by Montgomery et al. was used. Results: The degree of self-care of chronically mentally disabled men participating in rehabilitation programs in community mental health centers were higher than that of men not participating, and there was a significant difference between them. Families in the group not participating in rehabilitation programs had higher score than those in the group participating, but there was no significant difference. Conclusion: The participation of the chronically mentally disabled in rehabilitation programs influenced improvement of self-care and also lessened a feeling of burden of families somewhat.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartC
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• v.15C no.2
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• pp.133-140
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• 2008

In this paper, we propose a high performance elliptic curve cryptographic processor over $GF(2^{163})$. The proposed architecture is based on a modified Lopez-Dahab elliptic curve point multiplication algorithm and uses Gaussian normal basis for $GF(2^{163})$ field arithmetic. To achieve a high throughput rates, we design two new word-level arithmetic units over $GF(2^{163})$ and derive a parallelized elliptic curve point doubling and point addition algorithm with uniform addressing based on the Lopez-Dahab method. We implement our design using Xilinx XC4VLX80 FPGA device which uses 24,263 slices and has a maximum frequency of 143MHz. Our design is roughly 4.8 times faster with 2 times increased hardware complexity compared with the previous hardware implementation proposed by Shu. et. al. Therefore, the proposed elliptic curve cryptographic processor is well suited to elliptic curve cryptosystems requiring high throughput rates such as network processors and web servers.

• Journal of Gifted/Talented Education
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.867-883
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• 2010

Recognizing the importance of motivation, goal orientation, and attitudes toward schools is an important component for educators to consider as they establish positive learning communities for gifted learners. The purpose of this study was to describe attitudes toward school and self relationship to schoolwork for students who are enrolled in the 5th, 6th, and 7th grade, identified as gifted, accelerated in at least one subject (mathematics), and living in Korea or the United States. Comparisons were conducted for country of origin and gender for all subscales on the School Attitude Assessment Survey-Revised (McCoach & Siegle, 2004). Of the 507 participants (278 Korean and 229 American), girls scored higher on the motivation/self-regulation scale than boys and American students scored higher than Korean students on attitudes toward school, academic self perceptions, goal orientation, and motivation. There were no differences by country or gender on attitudes toward teachers.

• Korean Journal of Psychosomatic Medicine
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.199-206
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• 2021

Objectives : This study aimed to compare the characteristics of suicide attempts among Korean patients with mixed and non-mixed depression. Methods : Patients who visited the emergency room due to a suicide attempt and participated in the Korean Cohort for the Model Predicting a Suicide and Suicide-related Behavior study were included. Using the Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) and Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS), 111 patients were classified into the mixed depression (n=46) and non-mixed depression groups (n=65). The Koukopoulos Mixed Depression Rating Scale (KMDRS) score was calculated using the MADRS and YMRS scores. Suicide attempt characteristics were evaluated using the Columbia Suicidal Severity Rating Scale (C-SSRS) and Suicide Intent Scale (SIS). Results : In the mixed depression group, the reason item among the ideation intensity score of the C-SSRS was higher, and the deterrent item score was lower. Scores on the timing and suicide note items of the SIS were higher, and scores for overt communication items were lower in the mixed depression group. The KMDRS score was positively correlated with the C-SSRS ideation intensity and total SIS score. After adjusting for additional variables, the KMDRS scores had a significant effect on the C-SSRS ideation intensity and total SIS scores. Conclusions : The mixed depression group showed a difference in the intensity of suicidal ideation and suicidal intention compared to those in the non-mixed depression group. The overall suicidal ideation intensity and suicidal intention increased according to the degree of mixed depression.

• Journal of IKEEE
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.174-179
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• 2021

An Edwards curve cryptography (EdCC) core supporting point scalar multiplication (PSM) on Edwards curves of Edwards25519 and Edwards448 was designed. For area-efficient implementation, finite field multiplier based on word-based Montgomery multiplication algorithm was designed, and the extended twisted Edwards coordinates system was adopted to implement point operations without division operation. As a result of synthesizing the EdCC core with 100 MHz clock, it was implemented with 24,073 equivalent gates and 11 kbits RAM, and the maximum operating frequency was estimated to be 285 MHz. The evaluation results show that the EdCC core can compute 299 and 66 PSMs per second on Edwards25519 and Edwards448 curves, respectively. Compared to the ECC core with similar structure, the number of clock cycles required for 256-bit PSM was reduced by about 60%, resulting in 7.3 times improvement in computational performance.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.24 no.11
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• pp.1470-1476
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• 2020

This paper describes a design of a lightweight security system-on-chip (SoC) suitable for the implementation of security protocols for IoT and mobile devices. The security SoC using Cortex-M0 as a CPU integrates hardware crypto engines including an elliptic curve cryptography (ECC) core, a SHA3 hash core, an ARIA-AES block cipher core and a true random number generator (TRNG) core. The ECC core was designed to support twenty elliptic curves over both prime field and binary field defined in the SEC2, and was based on a word-based Montgomery multiplier in which the partial product generations/additions and modular reductions are processed in a sub-pipelining manner. The H/W-S/W co-operation for elliptic curve digital signature algorithm (EC-DSA) protocol was demonstrated by implementing the security SoC on a Cyclone-5 FPGA device. The security SoC, synthesized with a 65-nm CMOS cell library, occupies 193,312 gate equivalents (GEs) and 84 kbytes of RAM.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
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• v.17 no.6
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• pp.29-39
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• 2007

RSA is one of the most popular public-key crypto-system in various applications. This paper addresses a high-speed RSA crypto-processor with modified radix-4 modular multiplication algorithm and Chinese Remainder Theorem(CRT) using Carry Save Adder(CSA). Our design takes 0.84M clock cycles for a 1024-bit modular exponentiation and 0.25M cycles for a 512-bit exponentiations. With 0.18um standard cell library, the processor achieves 365Kbps for a 1024-bit exponentiation and 1,233Kbps for two 512-bit exponentiations at a 300MHz clock rate.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.23 no.12
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• pp.1609-1617
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• 2019

Described in this paper is a design of hardware accelerator for implementing public-key cryptographic protocols (PKCPs) based on Elliptic Curve Cryptography (ECC) and RSA. It supports five elliptic curves (ECs) over GF(p) and three key lengths of RSA that are defined by NIST standard. It was designed to support four point operations over ECs and six modular arithmetic operations, making it suitable for hardware implementation of ECC- and RSA-based PKCPs. In order to achieve small-area implementation, a finite field arithmetic circuit was designed with 32-bit data-path, and it adopted word-based Montgomery multiplication algorithm, the Jacobian coordinate system for EC point operations, and the Fermat's little theorem for modular multiplicative inverse. The hardware operation was verified with FPGA device by implementing EC-DH key exchange protocol and RSA operations. It occupied 20,800 gate equivalents and 28 kbits of RAM at 50 MHz clock frequency with 180-nm CMOS cell library, and 1,503 slices and 2 BRAMs in Virtex-5 FPGA device.