• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• 제48권1호
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• pp.44-51
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• 2023

Background: Aptamers are currently being used in various fields including medical treatments due to their characteristics of selectively binding to specific molecules. Due to their special characteristics, the aptamers are expected to be used to remove radionuclides from a large amount of liquid radioactive waste generated during the decommissioning of nuclear power plants. The radiological effects on the aptamers should be evaluated to ensure their integrity for the application of a radionuclide removal technique. Materials and Methods: In this study, Monte Carlo N-Particle transport code version 6 (MCNP6) and Monte Carlo damage simulation (MCDS) codes were employed to evaluate the radiological effects on the aptamers. MCNP6 was used to evaluate the secondary electron spectrum and the absorbed dose in a medium. MCDS was used to calculate the DNA damage by using the secondary electron spectrum and the absorbed dose. Binding experiments were conducted to indirectly verify the results derived by MCNP6 and MCDS calculations. Results and Discussion: Damage yields of about 5.00×10^-4 were calculated for 100 bp aptamer due to the radiation dose of 1 Gy. In experiments with radioactive materials, the results that the removal rate of the radioactive ⁶⁰Co by the aptamer is the same with the non-radioactive ⁵⁹Co prove the accuracy of the previous DNA damage calculation. Conclusion: The evaluation results suggest that only very small fraction of significant number of the aptamers will be damaged by the radioactive materials in the liquid radioactive waste.

• ETRI Journal
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• 제31권5호
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• pp.619-621
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• 2009

In this letter, we study the influence of receiver imperfections on bit error rate (BER) degradations in detecting low-density parity-check coded multilevel phase-shift keying signals transmitted over a Rician fading channel. Based on the analytical system model which we previously developed using Monte Carlo simulations, we determine the BER degradations caused by the simultaneous influences of stochastic phase error, quadrature error, in-phase-quadrature mismatch, and the fading severity.

• 한국원자력학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국원자력학회 1997년도 춘계학술발표회논문집(1)
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• pp.65-70
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• 1997

Computational benchmark calculations have been performed for CANDU DUPIC fuel lattice and core using a Monte Carlo code MCNP-4B with ENDF/B-V library. The eigenvalues of the DUPIC fuel lattice have been predicted by an integral transport code WIMS-AECL using ENDF/B-V library for different burnup steps and lattice conditions. The comparison has shown that the eigenvalues match those of MCNP-4B within 0.20% $\Delta$k difference between WIMS-AECL and MCNP-4B results. The calculation of a 2-dimensional CANDU core loaded with DUPIC fuel has shown that the eigenvalue predicted by a diffusion code RFSP using lattice parameters generated by WIMS-AECL matches that of MCNP-4B within 0.12%Δk and the largest bundle power prediction error is around 7.2%.

• 천문학회보
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.57.2-57.2
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• 2010

Cosmic rays with energy exceeding 10^18eV are referred to as Ultra high energy cosmic rays (UHECRs). UHECR experiments have utilized air shower simulations to estimate the properties of cosmic rays. Telescope array (TA) experiment has used COSMOS and CORSIKA mainly; the Monte Carlo codes of CORSIKA and COSMOS simulate the evolution of extensive air showers in the atmosphere initiated by photons, hadrons or nuclei UHECRs. We compare the simulations from CORSIKA and COSMOS. Comparison has shown noticeable differences at the ground distributions, longitudinal distributions, Calorimetric energy, and Xmax value. The implications of our results are discussed.

• 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국진공학회 2014년도 제46회 동계 정기학술대회 초록집
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• pp.242.1-242.1
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• 2014

The electron cyclotron resonance plasma source with a belt-type magnet assembly (BMA) is designed for effective plasma confinements. For characterizing the plasma source, the plasma parameters are measured by Langmuir probe. However, the plasma parameters and the motion of charged particles near the ECR zone are not easy to diagnostics, because of the high plasma density and temperature. Thus, as an alternative method, the electromagnetic simulation of the plasma source has been performed by using three-dimensional particle-in-cell and Monte Carlo collisional (PIC-MCC) simulation codes. For considering the limitation of simulation resources and time, the periodic boundary condition is applied and the coulomb collision is neglected. In this paper, we present the results of 3D PIC simulations of ECR plasmas with BMA and we compare them with the experimental results.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제21권7호
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• pp.1803-1813
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• 1996

This paper describes an automatic threshold decision using a maximum mismatched correlation value in the direct sequence spread spectrum (DS-SS) system. For received PN codes with different single-to-noise ratio (SNR), this scheme is able to detect a desired threshold value in the search mode, i.e. a maximum mismstched correlation value, so that value is utilized as a threshold for the verification mode. Performance of the proposed scheme in both the additive white gaussian noise (AWGN) and frequency-selective Rayleigh fading channels is analyzed through the Monte Carlo simulation. And hardware implementation of this scheme using a DSP processor is demonstrated. The proposed acquisition shceme is compared to the conventional constant threshold (CT) scheme, and significant improvement of performance is shown. Analysis of system performance in the verification mode is presented, and key quantities such as the false alarm probability and the detection probability are derived in a AWGN channel.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제50권7호
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• pp.1024-1036
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• 2018

In this paper, McCARD code was verified using various models listed in the NUREG/CR-6361 benchmark guide, which provides specifications for single pin-cells, single assemblies, and the whole core classified depending on the nuclear properties and structural characteristics. McCARD code was verified by comparing its results with those of SCALE code for single pin-cell and single assembly benchmark problems. The difference in the multiplication factor obtained through the two codes did not exceed 90 pcm. The benchmark guide treats a total of 173 whole core experiments. The experiments are categorized as simple lattices, separator plates, reflecting walls, reflecting walls and separator plates, burnable absorber fuel rods, water holes, poison rods, and borated moderator. As a result of numerical simulation using McCARD, the mean value of the multiplication factors is 1.00223 and the standard deviation of the multiplication factors is 285 pcm. The difference between the multiplication factors and the experimental value is in the range of -665 pcm to + 1609 pcm. In addition, statistics of results for experiments categorized by reactor shape, additional structure, burnable poison, etc., are detailed in the main text.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.127-145
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• 2016

Composite column design is strongly influenced by the computation of the critical buckling load, which is very sensitive to the effective flexural stiffness (EI) of the column. Because of this, the behaviour of a composite column under lateral loading and its response to deflection is largely determined by the EI of the member. Thus, prediction models used for composite member design should accurately mirror this behaviour. However, EI varies due to several design parameters, and the implementation of high-strength materials, which are not considered by the current composite design codes of practice. The reliability of the design methods from six codes of practice (i.e., AS 5100, AS/NZS 2327, Eurocode 4, AISC 2010, ACI 318, and AIJ) for composite columns is studied in this paper. Also, the reliability of these codes of practice against a serviceability limit state criterion are estimated based on the combined use of the test-based statistical procedure proposed by Johnson and Huang (1997) and Monte Carlo simulations. The composite columns database includes 100 tests of circular concrete-filled tubes, rectangular concrete-filled tubes, and concrete-encased steel composite columns. A summary of the reliability analysis procedure and the evaluated reliability indices are provided. The reasons for the reliability analysis results are discussed to provide useful insight and supporting information for a possible revision of available codes of practice.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.439-459
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• 2013

Main objective of the present study is to determine the statistical properties and suitable probability distribution functions of spectral displacements from nonlinear static and nonlinear dynamic analysis within the frame work of Monte Carlo simulation for typical low rise and high rise RC framed buildings located in zone III and zone V and designed as per Indian seismic codes. Probabilistic analysis of spectral displacement is useful for strength assessment and loss estimation. To the author's knowledge, no study is reported in literature on comparison of spectral displacement including the uncertainties in capacity and demand in Indian context. In the present study, uncertainties in capacity of the building is modeled by choosing cross sectional dimensions of beams and columns, density and compressive strength of concrete, yield strength and elastic modulus of steel and, live load as random variables. Uncertainty in demand is modeled by choosing peak ground acceleration (PGA) as a random variable. Nonlinear static analysis (NSA) and nonlinear dynamic analysis (NDA) are carried out for typical low rise and high rise reinforced concrete framed buildings using IDARC 2D computer program with the random sample input parameters. Statistical properties are obtained for spectral displacements corresponding to performance point from NSA and maximum absolute roof displacement from NDA and suitable probability distribution functions viz., normal, Weibull, lognormal are examined for goodness-of-fit. From the hypothesis test for goodness-of-fit, lognormal function is found to be suitable to represent the statistical variation of spectral displacement obtained from NSA and NDA.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.261-273
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• 2020

This paper presents an efficient method utilizing user-defined computer functional codes to determine the reliability of an embankment slope with spatially varying soil properties in real time. The soils' mechanical properties varied with the soil layers that had different degrees of compaction and moisture content levels. The Latin Hypercube Sampling (LHS) for the degree of compaction and Kriging simulation of moisture content variation were adopted and programmed to predict their spatial distributions, respectively, that were subsequently used to characterize the spatial distribution of the soil shear strengths. The shear strength parameters were then integrated into the Geostudio command file to determine the safety factor of the embankment slope. An explicit metamodal for the performance function, using the Kriging method, was established and coded to efficiently compute the failure probability of slope with varying moisture contents. Sensitivity analysis showed that the proposed method significantly reduced the computational time compared to Monte Carlo simulation. About 300 times LHS Geostudio computations were needed to optimize precision and efficiency in determining the failure probability. The results also revealed that an embankment slope is prone to high failure risk if the degree of compaction is low and the moisture content is high.