• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.46-63
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• 2012

The concept of an "intelligent building" received significant attention from academic, industry and standard development organizations when technically termed a building management system (BMS). Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) and their recent development enhanced monitoring and control applications for the building's areas. This paper surveys and analyzes advantages of the main current and emerging approaches that may be fit for BMS. Specifically, we discuss challenges including interoperability, integration, overhead, and bandwidth limitation of WSNs in BMS. Based on analyses, we highlight the advantages of an IP-based and RESTful architecture approach as the most suitable solution for BMS using WSNs (BMS-WSN). The paper also describes our future direction and design for BMS-WSN based on these advantages. The purpose is to enable interaction of users with BMS-WSN in the same way as with any website while ensuring energy efficiency. A test-bed implementation and evaluation of a BMS application is also introduced in this paper to demonstrate the feasibility and benefits of IP-based and RESTful architecture for BMS.

• Proceedings of the KAIS Fall Conference
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• 2001.11a
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• pp.173-176
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• 2001

A company needs to maintain its machines always workable in order to keep the manufacturing time minimal. If any troubles un, they should be fixed as soon as possible. But, the complexity of modem machines make the trouble shooting difficult. So, it is important that the monitoring system for automated production system to fix every trobule easily. In this paper new, inverter control system for TG feedback a formula Control was developed. The motor control system with TG feedback controller as an effect of load disturbance, it is very difficult to guarantee the robustness of Control System. The function of the implementation are TG feedback type, and temperature scheme. The Inverter Control System approach is based on master-slave control concept. To show validity of the developed new inverter control system severial experiments are illustrated.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.463-471
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• 2008

The quality of orthoimages mainly depends on the elevation information and exterior orientation (EO) parameters. Since LiDAR data directly provides the elevation information over the earth's surface including buildings and trees, the concept of true orthorectification has been rapidly developed and implemented. If a LiDAR-driven digital surface model (DSM) is used for orthorectification, the displacements caused by trees and buildings are effectively removed when compared with the conventional orthoimages processed with a digital elevation model (DEM). This study utilized LiDAR data to generate orthorectified digital aerial images. Experimental orthoimages were produced using digital terrain model (DTM) and DSM. For the preparation of orthorectification, EO components, one of the inputs for orthorectification, were adjusted with the ground control points (GCPs) collected from the LiDAR point data, and the ground points were extracted by a filtering method used in a previous research. The orthoimage generated by DSM corresponded more closely to non-ground LiDAR points than the orthoimage produced by DTM.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2008.11b
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• pp.789-795
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• 2008

Slope stability is affected by various factors. For safety management of slopes, monitoring systems have been widely constructed along railway lines. The representative data from the systems are variations of ground profile such like ground water level and pore water pressure etc. and direct displacement measured by ground clinometer and tension wire sensor. Slopes are mainly effected by rainfall and rainfall causes the decrease of factor of safety(FOS). Because FOS varies linearly by the variation of ground water level and pore pressure, it has a weak point that could not define the time and proper warning sign to secure the safety of the train. In this study, alternative of FOS such as reliability index and probability of failure is applied to slope stability analysis introducing the reliability concept. FOS, reliability index, probability of failure and velocity of probability of failure of the slopes by variation of ground water level are investigated for setting up the specification of safety management of slopes. By executing case study of a slope(ILLO-IMSUNGLI), it is showed to be applied to specification of safety management.

• Electronics and Telecommunications Trends
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.99-108
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• 2021

Digital twins are digital replicas of objects and systems in the real world. These digital replicas in a virtual environment can be connected with smart sensors and a variety of analyses, and simulations of real-time data from these sensors enable effective the operation, rapid feedback, and future predictions of real world phenomena. Until now, digital twins have been adopted and used mainly in the field of manufacturing, especially for smart factories. As digital twins are expected to be useful not only for productivity improvement but also for social problem solving, it is predicted that they will be extended to other fields such as those of transportation and cities. Digital twins will especially help realize smart cities through real-time monitoring, operation, and predictions using virtual digital twin cities. This paper summarizes the trends in digital twins for smart cities, the concept of digital twins, their application to smart cities, the strategies of various countries, and the development status of companies.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.108-118
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• 1997

The heterarchical structure provides a more attractive solution to the conventional hierarchical structure as the density and level of distrubution of computing resources in manufacturing system expands. Tracing the evolution of control structures for automated manufacturing systems, this paper discusses the design principles for heterarchical system to reduce complexity, increase extendability, flexible configurability and suggests a good example of real-time adaptation using the concept of intelligent agent of manufac- turing entities and fault diagmosis system.

• The Journal of Korea Robotics Society
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.419-426
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• 2023

Assembly tasks are difficult to fully automate due to uncertain errors occurring in unstructured environments. When assembling parts such as electrical connectors, advances in grasping and assembling technology have made it possible for the robot to assemble the connectors without the aid of humans. However, some parts with tight assembly tolerances should be assembled by humans. Therefore, task sharing with human-robot interaction is emerging as an alternative. The goal of this concept is to achieve shared autonomy, which reduces the efforts of humans when carrying out repetitive tasks. In this study, a task-sharing robotic system for assembly process has been proposed to achieve shared autonomy. This system consists of two parts, one for robotic grasping and assembly, and the other for monitoring the process for robot-human task sharing. Experimental results show that robots and humans share tasks efficiently while performing assembly tasks successfully.

• International Journal of High-Rise Buildings
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.241-249
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• 2023

Azabudai Hills is located in the area connecting Kamiyacho on the Hibiya Line and Roppongi 1-chome on the Nanboku Line, and was planned as a district with three skyscrapers arranged around a plaza. Based on the concept of a "Modern Urban Village", the project integrates a variety of urban functions, including offices, residences, a hotel, an international school, commercial and cultural facilities. The construction of the 64-story and 330-meter-high, "A block" was extremely difficult due to its large scale and diverse uses. This paper presents a case study of DX challenges to improve productivity and ensure quality, as well as the resulting benefits and future challenges.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Nondestructive Testing
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.476-486
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• 2004

This paper is the second part of the study on the development of a smart active layer (SAL) sensor, which consists of two parts. As mentioned in the first paper, structural health monitoring (SHM) is a new technology that is being increasingly applied at the industrial field as a potential approach to improve cost and convenience of structural inspection. Recently, the development of smart sensor is very active for real application. This study has focused on preparation and application study of SAL sensor which is described with regard to the theory and concept of the SAL sensor in the first paper. In order to detect elastic wave, smart piezoelectric sensor, SAL, is fabricated by using a piezoelectric element, shielding layer and protection layer. This protection layer plays an important role in a patched network of distributed piezoelectric sensor and shielding treatment. Four types of SAL sensor are designed/prepared/tested, and these details will be discussed in the paper In this study, SAL sensor ran be feasibly applied to perform structural health monitoring and to detect damage sources which result in elastic waves.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.270-277
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• 2012

Greenhouse industry has been growing in many countries due to both the advantage of stable year-round crop production and increased demand for fresh vegetables. In greenhouse cultivation, $CO_2$ concentration plays an essential role in the photosynthesis process of crops. Continuous and accurate monitoring of $CO_2$ level in the greenhouse would improve profitability and reduce environmental impact, through optimum control of greenhouse $CO_2$ enrichment and efficient crop production, as compared with the conventional management practices without monitoring and control of $CO_2$ level. In this study, a mathematical model was developed to estimate the $CO_2$ emission from soil as affected by environmental factors in greenhouses. Among various model types evaluated, a linear regression model provided the best coefficient of determination. Selected predictor variables were solar radiation and relative humidity and exponential transformation of both. As a response variable in the model, the difference between $CO_2$ concentrations at the soil surface and 5-cm depth showed are latively strong relationship with the predictor variables. Segmented regression analysis showed that better models were obtained when the entire daily dataset was divided into segments of shorter time ranges, and best models were obtained for segmented data where more variability in solar radiation and humidity were present (i.e., after sun-rise, before sun-set) than other segments. To consider time delay in the response of $CO_2$ concentration, concept of time lag was implemented in the regression analysis. As a result, there was an improvement in the performance of the models as the coefficients of determination were 0.93 and 0.87 with segmented time frames for sun-rise and sun-set periods, respectively. Validation tests of the models to predict $CO_2$ emission from soil showed that the developed empirical model would be applicable to real-time monitoring and diagnosis of significant factors for $CO_2$ enrichment in a soil-based greenhouse.