• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제42권3호
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• pp.168-172
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• 2007

Objective : Hirabayashi's open-door laminoplasty is a good procedure to use to treat patients with myelopathy of the cervical spine; however, the authors have experienced problems in maintaining an open-window in cervical spines after the surgery. The authors developed a modified method of the expanded open-door laminoplasty and compared the radiological and clinical results with those of the classical method. Methods : In the modified method, wiring fixation with lateral mass screws on the contra lateral-side instead of fixing the paraspinal muscle or facet joint, as in the classical methods, was used in the open window of the cervical spine. Fifteen patients with cervical myelopathy were treated using the classical method and 12 patients were treated using the modified method. Preoperative and postoperative clinical conditions were assessed according to the Japanese Orthopedic Association (JOA) score. The radiological results were compared with the preoperative and postoperative computed tomography (CT) findings. Results : In both methods, the clinical results revealed a significant improvement in neurological function (p<0.001). Image analysis revealed that the cervical canals were continuously expanded in patients treated using the modified methods. However, authors have observed restenosis during the follow-up periods in 4 patients treated using the original method. Progression to deformity and spinal instability were not observed in any of the patients in the radiological results. Conclusion : Although analysis with a larger population and a longer follow-up period needs to be undertaken, our modified open-door laminoplasty has shown an advantage in better maintaining an open window in comparison with the Hirabayashi's open-door laminoplasty.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제42권1호
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• pp.16-19
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• 2007

Objective : This report describes the clinical study of the surgical method of lateral third infraclavicular implantation of vagal nerve stimulation (VNS) generator through the axillary wrinkle incision. Methods : In a retrospective study, the data for 20 patients with medically intractable epilepsy treated by this approach were examined. The mean age was 31.4 years (range : 14-50), and the mean follow-up period was 12.15 months (range : 4-21 months). The male to female ratio was 2.3 : 1. The subcutaneous pocket for the generator was located in the lateral third infraclavicular area through the axillary wrinkle. Our method was a modification of the standard VNS generator implantation in the mid-infraclavicular pocket through anterior axillary incision. Results : There were the excellent or good cosmetic satisfaction in 95% of the cases and fair in 5%. The generator was located outside the lung field in 15%, periphery of the lung field in 45%, and crossed over the lung field in 40%. Discomfort from shoulder motion occurred transiently in 35% of cases. Other complications were minimal. Conclusion : These results demonstrate that the lateral third infraclavicular apporach will offers cosmetic benefits and reduction of obscuration of the lung field without serious complications. Thus, this technique provides an attractive alternative among the surgical techniques for the vagal nerve stimulation.

• 한국해양환경ㆍ에너지학회지
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.163-169
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• 2012

본 연구에서는 제주시 탑동 호안에서 빈번하게 발생하고 있는 월파 피해의 발생 원인을 파악하고 그에 따른 대응방안을 모색하기 위하여 실시한 수리모형실험을 다루었다. 모형실험에서는 입사파의 주기 변화에 따른 탑동 호안의 반사율을 피복석 설치 유무에 대해 측정하였다. 또한 50년 반복주기 NE 설계파를 기준으로 선정된 파고와 주기 변화에 따른 월파량 및 탑동 호안 구조물 내 파압을 상부구조물의 높이 증가와 곡면 돌출부의 형상을 바꿔가면서 측정하였다. 실험결과로부터 상부구조물의 높이 증가와 곡면 돌출부의 형상 변화가 월파량을 감소 측면에 효과적임을 확인하였다.

• 대한기관식도과학회지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.19-25
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• 2006

There have been numerous modalities to recover blink function of orbicularis oculi muscle in patients with facial paralysis. However, there is still no optimal method for reanimation of eyelid. In this study, we tried to recover blink function of paralyzed rabbit's eyelid with the ion polymer metal composite (IPMC) which is one of the electroactive polymers that is spotlighted as artificial muscle. We manufactured IPMC by plating the platinum over perfluorosulphonic acid polymer ($Nafion^{(R)}$). IPMC was coated by Norland optical adhesive for the purpose of insulation and keeping it from dry. IPMC modifications by roughening the surface of Nafion, repetitive plating (maximum 4 times) with platinum, and lengthening the width of IPMC were done. The facial paralysis was induced in the rabbit by sectioning of facial nerve at the main trunk. After minimum period of 4 weeks, IPMC was inserted in the paralyzed rabbit's eyelid. By modification, the force generated by IPMC was enhanced. Restoration of blink function in paralyzed rabbit was achieved on electrical stimulation of the IPMC by 5 voltage direct current. IPMC can be promising option for facial reanimation, but further studies are needed to enhance the efficiency of IPMC.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• 제36권3호
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• pp.219-224
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• 2020

Urea formaldehyde resins are widely used in the manufacturing of wood composite and their usage is always combined with release of formaldehyde characterized to be hazardous to health during and after the manufacturing of the products. This study investigates the effectiveness of wood-based adhesive from oil of pyrolysed Triplochiton scleroxylon sawdust for the production of composite board. The wood-derived Pyrolytic Oil (PyO) was blended with Urea Formaldehyde (UF) resin to formed Pyrolytic Oil-Urea Formaldehyde (PyOUF). The obtained PyOUF called Wood-Based Adhesives at four blends and control (UF) viz; 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, 2:1, 1:3 were further employed to prepare the composite board and test for their bonding strength by physical (water absorption-WA and thickness swelling-Th.S) and mechanical properties (modulus of elasticity-MOE, modulus of rupture-MOR, and impact bending-IB). Data obtained was analysed using analysis of variance at α 0.05. The result of analysis of variance conducted on physical properties show significant difference (p≤0.05) between the WA values obtained when testing the different blending proportion of PyOUF and likewise between 2 and 24 h of immersion. PyOUF had significant effect (p≤0.05) on Th. S for 24 h but no significant different (p>0.05) for the 2 h period of soaking. The analysis of variance on mechanical properties of the composite board (MOE, MOR, and IB) show significance differences (p≤0.05) between the strength values obtained when testing the different ratios of PyO with UF. PyO content influenced the properties of the boards and it is evident that PyO can be used in the manufacture of composite board.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.432-436
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• 2002

A proteomic map of Hanwoo loin was obtained using 2-D SDS-PAGE and mass spectrometric analysis: 27 bovine proteins plus 2 proteins having similarities to other mammal proteins out of 52 proteins analyzed. The identified proteins consisted of 50 % basic house keeping proteins involved in metabolism, 30% muscle proteins, and other miscellaneous proteins. Many proteins on the 2-D gel with different molecular weights and isoelectric points were identified as same proteins due to posttranslational modification. As many of the identified house keeping proteins showed the high sequence similarities to other mammal equivalent proteins, searching the mammal databases could confirm the annotation. The preliminary identification of the proteome in bovine loin tissue could reveal the functions of proteins at over 50 % of chance with high fidelities. Using the established loin proteome map, proteomic difference between 1 yr and 2 yr Hanwoo loin tissues were compared on 2D gel. Regardless of the difficulty normalizing protein concentrations and sample-to-sample variations, three unidentified proteins and myoglobin were selected as up-regulated proteins during the fat deposition period. This study contributes to a move thorough and holistic understanding of beef meat, helping to build the basis for future identification of new markers for good quality meat.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2006년도 춘계 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.562-571
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• 2006

Mean shear wave velocity of the upper 30m $(V_s30)$ used as the current site classification criterion for determining seismic design ground motions in Korea was established based on the typical depth of site investigations in western US, in which the depth to bedrock is much deeper than that in Korea. In this study, to establish appropriate site classification system for site conditions of Korea, site investigations including in-situ seismic tests to determine shear wave velocity $(V_s)$ were carried out at total 72 sites in Korean peninsula. The mean $V_s's$ to the depths of 5m, 10m, 15m, 20m and 25m together with the $V_s30$ at the testing sites were determined, and the correlation between the mean $V_s$ to a depth shallower than 30m and the $V_s30$ was drawn and suggested for the efficient seismic site classification in Korea. The proposed correlation could be utilized for the seismic design in case of the $V_s$ profiles shallower than 30 m in depth. The correlation in this study, nevertheless, requires further modification by means of the accumulation of various site data in Korea.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.81-84
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• 2004

It is well known that malignant tumor have hypoxic cell fraction, which is radio resistant and is one of the most important cause of local recurrence after radiotherapy. One of the causes of hypoxia in tumor is blood flow decrease due to increase in blood flow resistance and one of the causes of increased blood flow resistance could be attributed to the increase in blood viscosity. For the evaluation of the change of blood viscosity in oral cancer, experiments were carried out to test the change of blood viscosity among the normal control and xenografted oral cancer nude mice. Relative viscosity measured against distilled water was $3.30{\pm}0.14$ for normal control, and $3.67{\pm}0.62$ for tumor bearing mice at the first time of blood sampling in experimental period ($100mm^3$ $200mm^3$). There was no statistically significant difference between the control group and experimental group (p>0.05). However, as the tumor grew, significant difference of blood viscosity was detected at the third time of blood sampling (control group:$3.37{\pm}0.59$, and experimental group: $4.31{\pm}0.41\;300mm^3$

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제48권3호
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• pp.170-177
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• 2015

Objectives: The goal of this study was to examine the association of various demographic and socioeconomic factors with risk factors for chronic kidney disease (CKD). Methods: We used nationally representative pooled data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES), 2007-2013. We estimated the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) using the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease equation. We defined CKD as a GFR <60 mL/min/$1.73m^2$, and 1304 of the 45 208 individuals included in the KNHANES were found to have CKD by this definition. The outcome variable was whether individual subjects adhered to the CKD prevention and management guidelines recommended by the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The guidelines suggest that individuals maintain a normal weight, abstain from alcohol consumption and smoking, manage diabetes and hypertension, and engage in regular exercise in order to prevent and manage CKD. Results: This study found that individuals with CKD were more likely to be obese and have hypertension or diabetes than individuals without CKD. In particular, male and less-educated CKD patients were less likely to adhere to the guidelines. Conclusions: Although the prevalence of CKD, as indicated by the KNHANES data, decreased from 2007 to 2013, the prevalence of most risk factors associated with CKD fluctuated over the same time period. Since a variety of demographic and socioeconomic factors are related to the successful implementation of guidelines for preventing and managing CKD, individually tailored prevention activities should be developed.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제32권9호
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• pp.740-753
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• 2008

The conventional Split Hopkinson Pressure Bar (C-SHPB) technique with aluminum pressure bars to achieve a closer impedance match between the pressure bars and the specimen materials such as hot temperature degraded POM (Poly Oxy Methylene) and PP (Poly Propylene) to obtain more distinguishable experimental signals is used to obtain a dynamic behavior of material deformation under a high strain rate loading condition. An experimental modification with Pulse shaper is introduced to reduce the nonequilibrium on the dynamic material response during a short test period to increase the rise time of the incident pulse for two polymeric materials. For the dynamic stress strain curve obtained from SHPB experiment under high strain rate, the Johnson-Cook model is applied as a constitutive equation, and we verify the applicability of this constitutive equation to the probabilistic reliability estimation method. The methodology to estimate the reliability using the probabilistic method such as the FORM and the SORM has been proposed, after compose the limit state function using Johnson-Cook model. It is found that the failure probability estimated by using the SORM is more reliable than those of the FORM, and the failure probability increases with the increase of applied stress. Moreover, it is noted that the parameters of Johnson-Cook model such as A and n, and applied stress affect the failure probability more than the other random variables according to the sensitivity analysis.