• Journal of the Korea Computer Industry Society
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.117-124
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• 2002

In software development process, appropriate design can exist more than one. And software architectures can be restructured by modification and update during design processes. Therefore, the method that specify efficiently the modification elements of architectures, and manage different versions of architecture designed through various aspects is required. In this study, we propose software architecture restructuring mechanism that can restructure legacy architecture and a new software architecture designed with reuse of it in integrated form, and define specification elements and structure of the proposed restructured architecture specification. It provides the method that can reference and reuse architectures designed with various aspects of developers in architecture design processes. In addition, it supports flexible specification method for specification of modification elements such as revision, substitution, update of legacy software architecture.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.61-69
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• 2002

The purpose of Electro-Optical Camera (EOC), the primary payload of KOMPSAT-1, is to collect high resolution visible imagery of the Earth including Korean Peninsula. EOC images will be distributed to the public or many user groups including government, public corporations, academic or research institutes. KARI will offer the online service to the users through internet. Some application, e.g., generation of Digital Elevation Model (DEM), needs a secondary data such as satellite ephemeris data, attitude data to process the EOC imagery. EOC imagery with these ancillary information will be distributed in a file of Hierarchical Data Format (HDF) file formal. HDF is a physical file format that allows storage of many different types of scientific data including images, multidimensional data arrays, record oriented data, and point data. By the lack of public domain softwares supporting HDF file format, many public users may not access EOC data without difficulty. The purpose of this research is to develop a browsing system of EOC data for the general users not only for scientists who are the main users of HDF. The system is PC-based and huts user-friendly interface.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.475-488
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• 2017

Geotechnical data contributes substantially to the cost of engineering projects due to increasing cost of site investigations. Existing information in the form of soil maps can save considerable time and expenses while deciding the scope and extent of site exploration for a proposed project site. This paper presents spatial interpolation of data obtained from soil investigation reports of different construction sites and development of soil maps for geotechnical characterization of Multan area using ArcGIS. The subsurface conditions of the study area have been examined in terms of soil type and standard penetration resistance. The Inverse Distance Weighting method in the Spatial Analyst extension of ArcMap10 has been employed to develop zonation maps at different depths of the study area. Each depth level has been interpolated as a surface to create zonation maps for soil type and standard penetration resistance. Correlations have been presented based on linear regression of standard penetration resistance values with depth for quick estimation of strength and stiffness of soil during preliminary planning and design stage of a proposed project in the study area. Such information helps engineers to use data derived from nearby sites or sites of similar subsoils subjected to similar geological process to build a preliminary ground model for a new site. Moreover, reliable information on geometry and engineering properties of underground layers would make projects safer and economical.

• Journal of KIBIM
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.12-21
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• 2021

Existing real estate markets are monopolized because they are capital intensive and have information asymmetry. However, with the advent of the Fourth Industrial Revolution, technology is converging in various industries based on information technology (IT), and the real estate market is also developing a new field called "PropTech". According to this trend, new PropTech technologies are emerging in various real estate services sectors in Korea, but the electronic contract system, which accounts for the largest portion of the real estate industry, is still cited as a complex identification process and long processing time. Therefore, in this paper, we propose an improvement plan for the current electronic contract system through the introduction of blockchain technology, which is drawing attention with the development of PropTech, and explore the possibility of introduction by producing an experimental model of blockchain-applied electronic contract system in a programming language.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.65-75
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• 2019

Non-Functional Requirements (NFR) play a crucial role during the software development process. Currently, NFRs are considered more important than Functional Requirements and can determine the success of a software system. NFRs can be very complicated to understand due to their subjective manner and especially their conflicting nature. Self-adaptive systems (SAS) are operating in dynamically changing environment. Furthermore, the configuration of the SAS systems is dynamically changing according to the current systems context. This means that the configuration that manages the trade-off between NFRs in this context may not be suitable in another. This is because the NFRs satisfaction is based on a per-context basis. Therefore, one context configuration to satisfy one NFR may produce a conflict with another NFR. Furthermore, current approaches managing Non-Functional Requirements trade-off stops managing them during the system runtime which of concern. To solve this, we propose fragmentizing the NFRs and their alternative solutions in form of Multi-entity Bayesian network fragments. Consequently, when changes occur, our system creates a situation specific Bayesian network to measure the impact of the system's conditions and environmental changes on the NFRs satisfaction. Moreover, it dynamically decides which alternative solution is suitable for the current situation.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.42 no.1
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• pp.21-32
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• 2019

The flow of the $4^{th}$ Industrial Revolution calls for the innovation of the traditional business models of the manufacturers. Servitization is a corporate strategy to respond to changes in the business environment. These days, the value that the market demands can be created on the basis of the product-service integration. Thus the manufacturers must pursue the fundamental innovation of the current strategy and business models. It is necessary to create common values with customers through providing product-service integrated offerings beyond the development, production, and delivery. The purpose of this study is to develop the evaluation indicators for selecting suppliers when the manufacturer who offers the value of product-service integration needs to obtain the resources from outside. The case company in this study is the manufacture firm conducting the retail IoT business as a new business. The Delphi method is used to develop the evaluation indicators for selecting suppliers. This study suggests the academic implications providing the perspective of Servitizaiton by using Delphi method, and the practical implications applying the creating value method of Servitization by collecting the opinions from both value providers and value consumers in the process of developing the evaluation indicators.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.49 no.1
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• pp.80-91
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• 2019

Purpose: This study attempted to develop a scale that measures the level of patients' recognition of the nurses' care, based on Watson's caring theory, and confirmed its reliability and validity. Methods: The items were developed through a literature review and an expert content validity test. The questionnaires were administered to 285 inpatients of internal medicine and surgical units at two general hospitals. Construct validity was tested using exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, and reliability was tested using Cronbach's alpha. Results: This process resulted in a preliminary scale composed of 34 items; We used item analysis and five exploratory factor analyses, and consequently selected 14 items composed of three factors (respect, genuineness, and relationality). The confirmatory factor analysis verified the model fit and convergent and discriminant validity of the final items; criterion validity was confirmed with the positive correlation with the measurement scale of the patient-perceived quality of nursing. The overall scale reliability had a Cronbach's alpha of .92, which indicated internal consistency and reliability. Conclusion: The developed scale showed content, construct, and criterion validity, and reliability, as well as convergent validity for each item and discriminant validity between the factors. This makes it suitable for use in a diverse range of future studies on nurse communication using structural equation models.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.121-139
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• 2019

Decomposition of litter is a function of various interrelated variables, both biotic and abiotic factors. Litter decomposition acts like a natural fertilizer play a prime role in maintaining the productivity and nutrient cycling in agroforestry systems. There are few studies of decomposition carried out in agroforestry systems with coffee; so it is necessary to perform more research work to fill the research gap, which will allow a better understanding of the management of the coffee agroforestry systems. This paper is based on the theoretical and conceptual aspects of leaf litter decomposition in agroforestry systems, emphasizing the combination with coffee cultivation and critically examined the role of the different factors involved in the decomposition. This study made a comparison of different investigations with regards to weight loss, decomposition rates (k), initial chemical composition, and release of the main nutrients. This study suggested that it is necessary to implement studies of decomposition and mineralization, and the microflora and fauna associated with these processes, so that serves as an important tool to develop a model for enabling a description of the short, medium, and long-term dynamics of soil nutrients in coffee agroforestry systems.

• Health Policy and Management
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.312-327
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• 2021

Background: Infection prevention and control (IPC) to manage healthcare-associated infection (HCAI) has emerged as one of the most significant public health issues in Korea. The purpose of this study is to draw implications in IPC policies by analyzing the context, process, and major actors in policy development and comparatively analyzing IPC policy contents of Korea with three other countries. Additionally, IPC policies were analyzed in the context of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) to provide implications for future pandemics and HCAI events. Methods: This study incorporates a qualitative approach based on document and content analysis, applying codes and thematic categorization. IPC policy contents are comparatively analyzed by adopting the concept model, developed by the World Health Organization, which consists of core components of IPC structure at the national and facility level. Results: National IPC policies were developed within a complex social and political context, through the involvement of various stakeholders. IPC policies in Korea place a high emphasis on establishing IPC programs and built environments in healthcare facilities, whereas there were potentials for improvement in policies involving patients and promoting a safety culture. IPC policies, which currently focus on general hospitals and certain functions of hospitals, should further be expanded to target all healthcare facilities and functions, to ensure more efficient and sustainable IPC responses in the current and future disease outbreaks. Conclusion: IPC is a complex policy arena and lessons learned from the analysis of existing policies in the context of COVID-19 should provide valuable strategic implications for future policies.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.18 no.12
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• pp.5-13
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• 2020

Purpose: The objective of this study is to explore and prioritize strategic factors for revitalization of the sports contents distribution industry. Research design, data and methodology: To this end, strategic factors for revitalization of the sports contents distribution industry were explored based on literature review, and 14 experts were consulted to prioritize the factors. Results: Major conclusions deduced are the following: First, the factors were prioritized in order of legal policy factors, contents factors, and technical infrastructure factors. Second, subdomains of legal policy factors were prioritized in order of policy process factors, legislation enactment and revision factors, budget factors, business model factors focusing on sports contents. Third, subdomains of contents factors were prioritized in order of humanware contents factors, sports contents diversification factors, and high-quality sports contents production factors. Fourth, subdomains of technical infrastructure factors were prioritized in order of sports contents service platform factors, technical development and standardization, global distribution channel provision, and distribution metadata standardization. Conclusions: Findings of this study are of significance given that this study stratifies factors of sports contents distribution industry revitalization-about which there have been very few previous studies- analyzed mainly in terms of justifiability and timeliness, and presents preferential business strategies.