• 한국사회정책
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.175-208
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• 2018

The purpose of this article is to evaluate Korea's income-led growth policy that is still in dispute. To do this, I discussed the content, background and implications of the income-led growth theory. Next, I discussed the role of income-led growth as a growth strategy in the Korean economy. The income-led growth theory comes from the Keynesian tradition which emphasizes the role of demand in the economic growth. The basic idea emerged nearly 80 years ago, and the current model emerged about 30 years ago. Some of the Korean researchers began to pay attention to this issue when ILO researchers discussed it in 2010. The recent emphasis on income-led growth theory was due to the tendency of declining labor income, thus forming a consensus that increasing inequality can hamper growth. The effectiveness of the income-led growth strategy, which can lead to economic growth by increasing the share of labor income, is theoretically and empirically controversial. However, it is understandable why income-led growth strategies have emerged. Income-led growth is not a short-term strategy nor a key of growth strategy. However, in current socio economic structures, the prescriptions of income-led growth theory is meaningful in that it enables sustainable growth by making the economic system healthy. In addition, unlike the West, the government's welfare expenditure can play a significant role as part of the income-led growth prescriptions in Korea.

• Food Engineering Progress
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.376-381
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• 2011

The baking performance of Cudrania tricuspidata leaf powder as a value-added food ingredient was investigated in a model system of sponge cakes. Cudrania tricuspidata leaf powder was incorporated into cake batter at 5 levels (0, 5, 10, 15, and 20%, w/w) by adding equivalent amount based on total weight of wheat flour. The specific volume, height, moisture content, volume index, and symmetry index of sponge cakes decreased significantly with the increase in Cudrania tricuspidata leaf powder content (p < 0.05). Sponge cakes became darker and firmer with increase in Cudrania tricuspidata leaf powder content (p < 0.05), as indicated by decrease in the $L^*$ and increase in the firmness measured by the texture measuring instrument. Total polyphenol content also increased gradually as the Cudrania tricuspidata leaf powder content increased. Finally, the consumer acceptance test indicated that addition of Cudrania tricuspidata leaf powder up to 10% in the formulation of sponge cakes did not significantly influence the consumers' acceptability with respect to taste and flavor. In addition, the overall acceptability was not different from each other for control and 5% sample (p > 0.05).

• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
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• v.50 no.3
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• pp.126-145
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• 2017

The Seokgaejae section is located along a timber access road and a driveway across Bonghwa County, North Gyeongsang Province, and Samcheog city, Gangwon Province. Its stratigraphic column shows all of the ten strata of the lower Paleozoic Taebaek Group, Joseon Supergroup. The Seokgaejae section is proved to be scientifically important. Thirty-eight domestic/international journal papers have been published on this early Paleozoic stratigraphic site, and many distinguished researchers over the world have visited the site. However, the section has never been considered to be designated as a national natural monument and was not included in the adjacent Gangwon Paleozoic National Geopark due to management or administrative issues. Although the Seokgaejae section sufficiently satisfies many of the national natural monument criteria, designation for the natural monument may not be justified because of the facts that the outcrop was artificially exposed by road construction; the chance of destruction of the outcrop is relatively few; demage on the outcrop to some extent does not impair the intrinsic value of the section; and the geomorphological/landscape value of the section is low. The application of the recently modified geological heritage assessment model to the Seokgaejae section shows very high scores on the scientific/educational, intrinsic, and functional values. Based on the improved geological heritage grade standard, the Seokgaejae section conforms to the national-level protection criteria. It is strongly recommended to manage the Seokgaejae section as a principal geosite by including it in the Gangwon Paleozoic National Geopark. This case study on the Seokgaejae section also suggests that the process of application and endorsement of a national geopark need further improvement. As well as the improvement of the system or policy related to geological heritages, further efforts of the experts in various fields of geoscience are required in order for other geological heritages not to be neglected from now on.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.32 no.9
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• pp.1381-1388
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• 2019

Objective: The aims of this study were to reveal the magnitude of the differences in protein structures at a cellular level as well as protein utilization and availability among soybean meal (SBM), canola meal (CM), and rapeseed meal (RSM) as feedstocks in China. Methods: Experiments were designed to compare the three different types of feedstocks in terms of: i) protein chemical profiles; ii) protein fractions partitioned according to Cornell Net Carbohydrate and Protein System; iii) protein molecular structures and protein second structures; iv) special protein compounds-amino acid (AA); v) total digestible protein and energy values; vi) in situ rumen protein degradability and intestinal digestibility. The protein second structures were measured using FT/IR molecular spectroscopy technique. A summary chemical approach in National Research Council (NRC) model was applied to analyze truly digestible protein. Results: The results showed significant differences in both protein nutritional profiles and protein structure parameters in terms of ${\alpha}-helix$, ${\beta}-sheet$ spectral intensity and their ratio, and amide I, amide II spectral intensity and their ratio among SBM, CM, and RSM. SBM had higher crude protein (CP) and AA content than CM and RSM. For dry matter (DM), SBM, and CM had a higher DM content compared with RSM (p<0.05), whereas no statistical significance was found between SBM and CM (p = 0.28). Effective degradability of CP and DM did not demonstrate significant differences among the three groups (p>0.05). Intestinal digestibility of rumen undegradable protein measured by three-step in vitro method showed that there was significant difference (p = 0.05) among SBM, CM, and RSM, which SBM was the highest and RSM was the lowest with CM in between. NRC modeling results showed that digestible CP content in SBM was significantly higher than that of CM and RSM (p<0.05). Conclusion: This study suggested that SBM and CM contained similar protein value and availability for dairy cattle, while RSM had the lowest protein quality and utilization.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.629-643
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• 2019

In the era of the 4th industrial revolution, countries around the world are conducting projects to rapidly expand smart factory to secure competitiveness in manufacturing industries. However, unlike existing factories where the network environment was closed, smart factories can be vulnerable because internal and external objects are interconnected and various ICT technologies are used. And smart factories are likely to be the subject of cyber-attacks that are designed to cause monetary damage to certain targets because economic damage is so serious when an accident occurs. Therefore, it is necessary to study and apply security for smart factories, but there is no specific smart factory system architecture, so there is no establish for smart factory security requirements. In order to solve these problems, this paper derives the smart factory architecture that can extract and reflect the main characteristics of a smart factory based on the domestic and foreign reference model of smart factories. And this paper identifies the security threats based on the derived smart factory architecture and present the security requirements to cope with them for contributing to the improvement of the security of the smart factory.

• Korean Journal of Psychosomatic Medicine
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.13-24
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• 2019

Objectives : The goals of the study are how to establish the cohort systems for the children and adolescents victims with sexual abuse in Korea and to identify the risk and protective factors that influence mental health in child sexual abuse (CSA). This is initial assessment data based on the analysis of cohort variables for baseline evaluation of subjects. Methods : We constructed the cohort systems for CSA victims recruited by Seoul Sunflower Children Center, CSA victims protection center. The initial assessment data which consisted of demographic and psychological inventories of CSA victims and their parents/families, psychiatric diagnoses were the results of statistical analysis of 65 subjects under 19 years old for 3 years 7 months. Results : The initial data were followings : female participants, N=56; mean age, 11.6 (SD=4.5); the most sexual assault, molestation 71.8%; victims, family and acquaintance 87.1%; 61.5% of the subjects diagnosed with psychiatric disorder; 29.2% diagnosed with PTSD and 23.1% diagnosed with depression. Mean duration for abuse to report is 1.5 years. Mean score of IES-R-K, TSCYC-avoidant and CBCL-problematic behavior were increased above clinical cut-off. Conclusions : CSA victims tend to have high risks in mental health problem. The cohort study could provide the risk and protective factors of CSA in mental health, and construct the predictive model for mental illness in Korea.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Sensory Integration
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.43-53
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• 2019

Objective : This study was designed to find the latest intervention trends in treatment of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in South Korea. Methods : Studies on ADHD published in Korean journals from January 2004 to December 2018 were reviewed. The databases used were DBpia, Google Scholar, RISS, and KISS. The search terms were "attention deficit hyperactivity," "child," and "intervention." A total of 14 studies were selected. The results of this study were as follows: Patient, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome. Results : The level of evidence was the highest in the single subject study of level IV, and the methodological quality was the most common study. The interventional metronome (IM) intervention was the most frequently used, and the evaluation tools used in the measurement were the Long Form Assessment of the Interactive Metronome and the Korean Behavior Child Checklist. The Korean ADHD interventions showed statistically significant improvement in concentration, hyperactivity, task performance, excessive language use, and timing. Conclusions : Various types of interventions were provided for children with ADHD in South Korea. The interventions showed positive effects, and provided basic data for evidence-based implementation in clinical practice. In the future, a model study should be conducted, to establish an effective service delivery system, as well as ongoing research on children with ADHD.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.17 no.7
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• pp.131-138
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• 2019

The world's electricity production ratio is 40% for coal, 20% for natural gas, 16% for hydroelectric power, 15% for nuclear power and 6% for petroleum. Fossil fuels also cause serious problems in terms of price and supply because of the high concentration of resources on the earth. Solar energy is attracting attention as a next-generation eco-friendly energy that will replace fossil fuels with these problems. In this study, we test the charge-operation plan and the discharge operation plan for peak-cut operation by applying the maximum power demand reduction simulation. To do this, we selected the electricity usage from November to February, which has the largest amount of power usage, and applied charge / discharge logic. Simulation results show that the contract power decreases as the peak demand power after the ESS Peak-cut service is reduced to 50% of the peak-target power. As a result, the contract power reduction can reduce the basic power value of the customer and not only the economic superiority can be expected, but also contribute to the improvement of the electric quality and stabilization of the power supply system.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.210-218
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• 2019

Recently, cable-stayed bridges have been attempting to apply bold and experimental shapes for aesthetic and originality. In the case of bridges that have no similar cases, deep understanding and verification of analytical modeling is needed. S-shaped curved pedestrian cable-stayed bridge is always twisted because the cable is arranged on one side of the inverted triangular truss girder. In order to suppress the torsion, the Link-shoes are arranged at the left and right top members with reference to the Bearing placed at the mid-bottom member. The first research is related to the modeling method of Link-Shoe and Diaphram. In order to accurately reflect the transverse structural system and the torsional stiffness, it was necessary to model the Link-Shoe and the Diaphram directly rather than indirectly using the stiffness of the Bearing. The second study is related to the lateral arrangement of Bearing and Link-Shoes. Method 1 is to place in order of Link-shoe, Bearing, and Link-shoe from outside the curve radius. Method 2 is place to in order of Bearing, Bearing, and Link-shoe. In method 2, compared to method 1, the stress in the outer top member was larger and the stress in the inner one was decreased. It is analyzed that the stress adjustment is possible according to the lateral arrangement of Bearing and Link-Shoe.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.57 no.1
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• pp.78-84
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• 2019

Recently, bio-butanol is being promoted as environmentally friendly sustainable energy. However, some problems are still obstacle for commercialization of bio-butanol: the development of cheap biomass and enhancement of fermentation ratio and preparation of economical separation process for fermented products. In the conventional ABE biobutanol fermentation process, organic acids with acetone, butanol, and ethanol are produced. Therefore, it is necessary to study phase equilibrium data and mixture properties for the design and operation of separation process. However, there is lack of design data for organic acids except acetic acid contained system. In this study, therefore, binary solid-liquid equilibria (SLE) and mixture properties: the excess molar volumes ($V^E$), molar refraction deviation (${\Delta}R$) and deviation of viscosity (${\Delta}v$) at 298.15 for $C_3-C_6$ organic acid were reported. The experimental SLE data were correlated with the NRTL and UNIQUAC activity coefficient model with less than 0.5 K of root mean square deviation (RMSD). In addition, $V^E$, ${\Delta}R$ and ${\Delta}v$ for the same binary systems were satisfactorily fitted using the Redlich-Kister polynomial with less than ca. 0.004 standard deviation.