• Smart Structures and Systems
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.419-433
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• 2020

Investigation of structural integrity has been a critical issue in the field of civil engineering for years. Visual inspection is one of the most available methods to explore deteriorative components in structures. Still, this method is not applicable to invisible damage of structures. Alternatively, system identification methods are capable of tracking modal properties of structures over time. The deviation of these dynamic properties can serve as indicators to access structural integrity. In this study, a modal tracking technique using frequency-domain system identification from seismic responses of structures is proposed. The method first segments the measured signals into overlapped sequential portions and then establishes multiple Hankel matrices. Each Hankel matrix is then converted to the frequency domain, and a temporal-average frequency-domain Hankel matrix can be calculated. This study also proposes the frequency band selection that can divide the frequency-domain Hankel matrix into several portions in accordance with referenced natural frequencies. Once these referenced natural frequencies are unavailable, the first few right singular vectors by the singular value decomposition can offer these references. Finally, the frequency-domain stochastic subspace identification tracks the natural frequencies and mode shapes of structures through quick stabilization diagrams. To evaluate performance of the proposed method, a numerical study is carried out. Moreover, the long-term monitoring strong motion records at a specific site are exploited to assess the tracking performance. As seen in results, the proposed method is capable of tracking modal properties through seismic responses of structures.

• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.147-154
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• 1999

A new approach to conducting the vibration parameters identification algorithm is proposed. The approach employs the concept of modal amplitude ratio implemented in a mode shape estimation. The accuracy of the improved Ibrahim Time Domain identification algorithm in extracting structural modal parameters from free response functions has been studied using computer simulated data for 9 stations on the two-span continuous beam. Simulated responses from the lumped and distributed parameter system demonstrate that this algorithm produces excellent results, even in the 300% noise response.

• Journal of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea
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• v.53 no.6
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• pp.514-520
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• 2016

Oil and gas production riser systems need to be designed considering a wide band quarter-modal analysis which contains low-, wave-, VIV(Vortex induced vibration) frequencies. The VIV can be separated into cross-flow(CF) and in-line(IL) components. In this study, the various idealized tri- and quarter-modal spectra are suggested to analyze fatigue damage on the production riser system. In order to evaluate the fatigue damage increment caused by the IL's motion, tri- and quarter-modal spectral fatigue damages are calculated in time domain. And the fatigue damage calculated from two different modal spectra are compared quantitatively. Then the suitability of existent wide band fatigue damage models for quarter modal spectrum was evaluated by comparison of frequency domain calculation and time domain calculation. The result show that although spectral density of IL motion is not remarkable in quantity, the effect on the fatigue damage is significant and existent fatigue damage models are not adequately estimating damage by quarter-modal spectra.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.171-181
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• 2023

Using the most up-to-date system identification methods in both time and frequency domains, the dynamic monitoring data from the reinforced concrete Egebaekvej Bridge near Holte, Denmark, is examined in this investigation. The bridge was erected in the 1960s and was still standing during test campaign before demolishing. The ARTeMIS Modal was adopted to derive the modal parameters from ambient vibration data. Several Operational Modal Analysis (OMA) approaches were applied, including Enhanced Frequency Domain Decomposition (EFDD), Curve-fit Frequency Domain Decomposition (CFDD), and Frequency Domain Decomposition (FDD). Afterward, Principal Component (SSI-PC), Unweighted Principal Component (SSI-UPC) Stochastic Subspace Identification methods were utilized. Danish engineering consulting company, COWI with the allowance of the bridge contractor BARSLUND, allow the researcher for this experimental test to demonstrate the impact of OMA applications.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.423-435
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• 2005

A modal approach is proposed for dynamic analysis of concrete arch dam-reservoir systems in frequency domain. The technique relies on mode shapes extracted by considering the symmetric parts of total mass and stiffness matrices. Based on this method, a previously developed program is modified, and the response of Morrow Point arch dam is studied for various conditions. The method is proved to be very effective and it is an extremely convenient modal technique for dynamic analysis of concrete arch dams.

• Journal of Korean Society of Steel Construction
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• v.12 no.1 s.44
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• pp.83-91
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• 2000

The first Procedure to identify structural system by using measured data is transformation of data to frequency domain and try to recognize modal characteristics in graphical condition. Those methods are doubted about the reliability to the civil structures, especially bridges which has coupled and close modal characteristics. In this paper, feasibility of time domain modal Identification methods were examined and applied double least square method to overcome bias characteristics of the identification methods. To show the advantage of proposed method, simulation were carried out for mass-spring model. And to examine the usage of the method in realistic case, sensitivity of the methods to noise was performed.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.53-70
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• 2006

The paper summarizes the dynamic-based assessment of a reinforced concrete arch bridge, dating back to the 50's. The outlined approach is based on ambient vibration testing, output-only modal identification and updating of the uncertain structural parameters of a finite element model. The Peak Picking and the Enhanced Frequency Domain Decomposition techniques were used to extract the modal parameters from ambient vibration data and a very good agreement in both identified frequencies and mode shapes has been found between the two techniques. In the theoretical study, vibration modes were determined using a 3D Finite Element model of the bridge and the information obtained from the field tests combined with a classic system identification technique provided a linear elastic updated model, accurately fitting the modal parameters of the bridge in its present condition. Hence, the use of output-only modal identification techniques and updating procedures provided a model that could be used to evaluate the overall safety of the tested bridge under the service loads.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.23 no.6 s.183
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• pp.119-127
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• 2006

A non-destructive time domain approach to examine structural damage using parameterized partial differential equations and Galerkin approximation techniques is presented. The time domain analysis for damage detection is independent of modal parameters and analytical models unlike frequency domain methods which generally rely on analytical models. The time history of the vibration response of the structure was used to identify the presence of damage. Damage in a structure causes changes in the physical coefficients of mass density, elastic modulus and damping coefficients. This is a part of our ongoing effort on the general problem of modeling and parameter estimation for internal damping mechanisms in a composite beam. Namely, in detecting damage through time-domain or frequency-domain data from smart sensors, the common damages are changed in modal properties such as natural frequencies, mode shapes, and mode shape curvature. This paper examines the use of beam-like structures with piezoceramic sensors and actuators to perform identification of those physical parameters, and detect the damage. Experimental results are presented from tests on cantilevered composite beams damaged at different locations and different dimensions. It is demonstrated that the method can sense the presence of damage and obtain the position of a damage.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.17 no.3_4
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• pp.445-466
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• 2004

In this paper, several modal identification techniques for output-only structural systems are extensively investigated. The methods considered are the power spectral method, the frequency domain decomposition method, the Ibrahim time domain method, the eigensystem realization algorithm, and the stochastic subspace identification method. Generally, the power spectral method is most widely used in practical area, however, the other methods may give better estimates particularly for the cases with closed modes and/or with large measurement noise. Example analyses were carried out on typical structural systems under three different loading cases, and the identification performances were examined throught the comparisons between the estimates by various methods.

• Proceedings of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute Conference
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• 2004.10a
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• pp.331-338
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• 2004

In this paper, stiffness and damping matrices are experimentally constructed using structural modal information on frequencies, damping ratios and modal vectors, which are obtained by shaking table tests. The acceleration of the shaking table is used as the input signal, and the resulting acceleration of each floor is measured as output signal. The characteristic and limitation of modal information from shaking table test are obtained by Common Based-normalized System Identification(CBSI) technique which is based on time domain information.