• 안보군사학연구
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• 통권5호
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• pp.1-45
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• 2007

Reserved forces of ROKA are in charge of replacement of TOE in the wartime and mission of rear area operation. But there is institutional inertia in the law and organization oriented to fill human resources rather than take mission. We need to prepare for the investment and arrangement of reserved forces as military power that would be replaced standing forces. In this portion, to reinforce reserve forces elite, First, efficient mobilization regulations and systems are suggested. I covered a maintenance of relevant mobilization ordinances which need to legislated and approved by national assembly for wartime and development of mobilization system which might lose the appropriate time for mobilization due to complicated declaration procedures and measures to overcome the panic at the initial stage of the war and organization and employment of nationwide transportation system and mobilization center. To ensure efficient resource management and mobilization of reserve forces with a number of approximately 3 million, there's a necessity of organization for integration and conciliation. To make it real, I suggested establishing and employing the mobilization center, on first phase, employ the mobilization center focusing on homeland divisions, on second phase, it is advisable to convert to national level mobilization system and develop to central mobilization center focusing on national emergency planning committee. During peacetime, in conjunction with Mobilization Cell, mobilization center can conduct resource survey and integrate and manage mobilization resources and take charge of mobilization training of subordinate units, and during wartime, in conjunction with mobilization coordination team and Cell, can ensure the execution of mobilization. Second, Future oriented reserve forces management system such as service system of reserve forces and support system of homeland defense operations. Current service and trainings of reserve forces by the year have very low connection, as it is very complex to manage the resources and trainings, and service and training lack the equity, re-establishment of service system is required. Also in an aspect of CSS and cultivation support for reserve forces, as the scope and limitation of responsibility between the armed forces and autonomous organization is obscure, conditions to conduct actual-fighting exercises are limited. Concentrated budgetting is extremely difficult because reserve forces training fields are scattered nationwide, and facilities and equipments are rapidly getting older. To improve all these, I suggest the organization of homeland defense battalion with a unit of "City-Gun-District" and supporting the local reserve forces. Conduct unit replacement or personal replacement for those who have finished their 1 or 2 years and homeland defense operation duty for those with 3-5 years for consistency and simplification. Third, I suggest Future oriented Reserved Training(FRT) and Training Center oriented training management to establish a reliable reserve training. Reserves carry out expansion of unit, conventional combat mission, homeland defense and logistics support during wartime, and actual-fighting exercise, and disaster relief, peace keeping activities. Despite diverse activities and roles, their training condition still stays definitely poor. For these reasons, Modernization of weapons and facilities through gradual replacement and procurement is essential to enhance mobilization support system.

• 문화기술의 융합
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.336-342
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• 2021

일본제국주의는 1937년 중일전쟁을 일으키고 1938년 국가총동원법을 공포하면서 전시총동원체제를 구축해 나갔다. 전시총동원체제기에 접어들면서 일제는 여성들의 노동력에 주목하여 국내뿐만 아니라 국외로도 여성들을 동원하였다. 식민지 조선은 물론 국외의 여성들까지 근로보국대, 여자근로정신대 등으로 강제로 동원되었다. 여성들은 가내 노동은 물론 이미 동원된 남성들의 노동을 대신해야 했으며, 동시에 강제로 전쟁을 위해 동원되는 열악한 상황에 처했다. 여자근로정신대의 동원은 관청의 알선, 모집, 자발적인 지원, 학교나 단체를 통한 선전, 취업 사기, 강제나 협박 등 다양한 형태로 이루어졌다. 일제강점기 강제적 여성 동원의 대표적 희생자였던 여자근로정신대 문제는 개별적으로 소송이 진행되며 여전히 해결되지 않은 문제로 남아 있다. 전시총동원체제기 여성의 강제동원에 대한 실체를 밝히기 위해서는 관련 기구를 통해 지속적인 연구와 사회적 교육이 필요하다.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제37권3호
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• pp.71-78
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• 2022

The purpose of this study is to improve the National Fire Mobilization Plan. This plan is a national-level comprehensive response system aimed to compensate for scarce firefighting resources and minimize damage from large-scale disasters that exceed the response limits of city and province firefighting forces. As such, relevant literature and domestic and foreign firefighting mobilization standards were reviewed, and simulations of firefighting mobilization were performed using the QGIS program to compare and analyze cases. Results showed that, as opposed to the current method of issuing mobilization orders by dividing resources according to city and province, recognizing the entire country as a single entity and prioritizing the mobilization of adjacent firefighting resources is more effective in terms of minimizing time and distance and more quickly securing resources. Regarding national firefighting mobilization, recognizing the country's firefighting resources as a whole will allow adjacent firefighting resources to be mobilized with priority. However, the mobilization-related limits of each region need to be set to respond to local disasters. Once the scale of mobilization is determined, a system that can quickly calculate how to mobilize firefighting resources based on location and distance can be established. Additionally, it is necessary to create an integrated management system so the central government can directly organize and mobilize local firefighting resources.

• 한국국방경영분석학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.15-31
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• 1992

Developments toward a 'the end of the Cold War' are the main factor determining the situation in the Korean Peninsula. While all the combat resources of North Korea are systematically controlled and kept available for instant mobilization even in peacetime. South Korea is inferior to North Korea in terms of mobilization system and efficiency, exercise intensity and equipments. In sum, the South faces far greater restraints in wartime conversion capability than does the North. Mobilization refers to a nation's compulsory control, management and operation of its human and material resources for the purpose of national security. The total capability for safeguarding national security must be pursued by the continuous examination and complementation of our mobilization system and capability. This paper proposes an efficient management of national mobilization system that can be instantly operated on the whole in time of national emergency. Therefore, the actual operation of National Security Council is suggested to prepare operations against the emergencies and establish the foundation for national security.

• 한일민족문제연구
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• 제33호
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• pp.67-111
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• 2017

This article aims to shed light on the wartime labor mobilization of prisoners on a large scale in/across colonial Korea and beyond during the late wartime period. More specifically, this article reveals the logic and mode of mobilization, and sorts out nationwide mobilization cases in colonial Korea. To this end, this article draws on documents and magazines published by the criminal administration of the Japanese Government-General of Korea, as well as the memoirs of prisoners and prison staff including prison administrators and prison chaplains. With the onset of the wartime system, the labor work in prisons centered on the production of military supplies. In 1943, the labor mobilization began to organize the National Protection Corps and dispatch them to remote workplaces. For example, at the requests of the military, prisoners were selected and sent to Hainan Island, while others were sent to military factories and mining fields in the northern part of the country. The authorities specified and adjusted the criteria for imprisonment based on education, physical strength, and other physical and mental conditions. Unconverted ideological offenders were excluded from the mobilization, and instead put under separate control. In preparation for mobilization, the prisoners trained in military drills, received Japanese language education, and underwent assimilation as imperial subjects through the preaching in prison. In order to induce prisoners to volunteer, a legislation system based on the shortening of the prison terms, including the parole system, was also promoted under the wartime system. As a result, prisoners were forced to work harder and faster even under the lowest of wages, poor food and poor housing conditions, and they also filled vacancies in managerial positions by serving as supervisory assistants. The reward system for them, however, did not function properly towards the end of the war, and the number of escapes and infectious outbreaks, as well as mortality rates rapidly increased under the harsh conditions.

• 대한물리의학회지
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.207-213
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• 2011

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the preventive effect of joint mobilization on biphasic pain response induced formalin test. Methods: Sprague-dawley rats(n=30) were ramdomly divided into the control group without intervention, sham control group with application of hand contact without mobilization, joint mobilization group with application of hand contact with mobilization. Joint mobilization of knee procedure involved an grade III extension mobilization basically with anterior-posterior gliding of the tibia on the femur. Formalin injection caused biphasic pain response which is lated for 60 minute. The first phase result from primary afferent sensory fiber, wheareas the second phase has been proposed to central sensitization in the central nervous system. Behavioral analysis was performed by digital camera after 5% formalin subcutaneous injection into the dorsal foot. Results: Pain response of joint mobilization group show significant lower than control gorup and sham control group. Conclusion: This result suggest that pre-application of joint mobilization may be effective intervention to prevent the formalin induced pain.

• 융합보안논문지
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• 제13권5호
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• pp.77-87
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• 2013

동원은 전시 또는 이에 준하는 국가비상사태시에 국가의 모든 인적, 물적 자원을 효율적으로 통제, 관리 운영하는 국가의 권력 작용으로 정의된다. 따라서 동원태서의 완비는 전쟁에서 승리하는 것 뿐만 아니라 전쟁을 억제하고 평시 국가 경제를 발전시키는 원동력이 될 수 있다. 동원제도의 연구방향은 민 관 군의 통합된 계획과 집행에 의해 이루어져야 신속성과 효율성이 증대될 수 있기 때문에 법적, 제도적 정비를 통하여 발전되어야 할 것이다. 통일이 되더라도 동원제도에 대한 관심과 연구는 지속적으로 필요하다.

• 안보군사학연구
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• 통권5호
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• pp.87-130
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• 2007

ROK and the United States finally reached accord on the controversial transition of Wartime Operational Control on February, 2007, and ROK Government needs to strengthen the role of supporting for the comprehensive threats of futuristic warfare. The crucial point of the supporting for Military Operation depends on the nation's mobilization capabilities. For the effective mobilization the following facets can be improved further. First of all, the organizational integrity of the mobilization network within the government can be bolstered along the vertical command chain. The process of mobilization must be improved and it is import to utilize the information system. On the other side the government plan to distribute timely the mobilized resources must be made up for the weak points and developed continuously. We can expect these points to be improved steadily with the execution of the National Defence Reform 2020.

• 대한물리의학회지
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.91-97
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• 2018

PURPOSE: Stroke patients have reduced balance ability due to a lack of motion in the ankle joint. Elastic taping assists movement, and joint mobilization, a form of passive movement, enhances mobility. The purpose of this study was to determine the immediate effects on balance ability after anterior-to-posterior (A-P) talocrural joint mobilization combined with elastic taping in stroke patients. METHODS: Twenty stroke patients were divided into two groups: a joint mobilization with taping group (experimental group, n=10) and an elastic taping only group (control group, n=10). The experimental group underwent anteroposterior mobilization of the talus and elastic tape was applied to the calf and tibialis anterior muscles. The control group had elastic tape applied. Dynamic balanced abilities were assessed by using the BioRescue system. After 30 minutes of intervention, the forward, backward, left side, and right side sway areas ($mm^2$) were measured. RESULTS: Only the experimental group showed a significant increase in forward sway area after intervention. However, no significant differences were detected between the two groups. CONCLUSION: This study shows that A-P talocrural joint mobilization combined with elastic taping has a positive effect, producing an immediate increase in the forward balance ability of stroke patients. However, this study did not examine joint mobilization alone. In subsequent studies, it is necessary to examine the effect of joint mobilization only on balance in stroke patients.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.450-456
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• 2021

Objective: Studies confirming the lumber spine kinematics of direct or indirect segmental mobility under the application of joint mobilization, which induces passive force on the spine, are insufficient.Therefore, this study aims to obtain the underlying clinical data by identifying direct or indirect segmental mobility produced by Maitland's PA mobilization technique. Design: Randomized controlled trial design. Methods: Thirty subjects with no back pain participated in this study. X-ray testing equipment (SIG-40-525, Ecoray Inc., Korea) was used to verify the segmented movement of their lumbar. Joint mobilization was performed by physiotherapists with more than 10 years of experience in prescription therapy, and radiography was performed once without PA joint mobilization and once without the mobilization for comparing the lumbar vertebrae before and after the mobilization. The radiographs taken were analyzed using the picture archiving and communication system (PACS) program to measure the spinal displacement, intervertebral height, intervertebral angle, and lumbar lordosis angle. Results: Significant differences were observed in the lumbar displacement, intervertebral angle, and lumbar lordosis angle in all lumbar vertebrae before and after the mobilization. The intervertebral height indicated significant differences in all ventral vertebrae and only in L3-L4 and L4-L5 in dorsal vertebrae. Conclusions: This study suggests that the segmental mobility produced through indirect approaches plays an important role in inducing therapeutic effects in patients with back pain.