• Title/Summary/Keyword: Mobility

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Ammonia Wastewater Treatment and Selective Recovery Using a Sweep Gas-Vacuum Hybrid Type Membrane Degassing Process (스윕 가스-진공 하이브리드식 탈기막 공정을 활용한 암모니아 폐수처리 및 선택적 회수)

  • Hongsik Yoon;Taijin Min;Minkyu Jeon;Sungil Lim;Sechul Oh;Kyungha Ryu;Chungsung Lee;Bosik Kang
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Industry Convergence
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    • v.26 no.6_2
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    • pp.1171-1181
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    • 2023
  • In this study, a sweep gas - vacuum hybrid type membrane degassing process was proposed for ammonia wastewater treatment. In addition, the ammonia selective recovery of the hybrid type membrane degassing process was also investigated. As a result, the hybrid type membrane degassing process showed better degassing performance (54.9 mg NH3/m2min for 360 min) than the sweep gas type (32.3 mg NH3/m2min) or vacuum type (22 mg NH3/m2min). Additionally, the hybrid type membrane degassing process showed an excellent ammonia selectivity (103 times compared to Na+ Na+, 133 times compared to Ca2+). The ammonia selectivity was appeared to be due to the conversion characteristics of ammonium ion / dissolved ammonia depending on pH. The results in this study are expected to be used in the development of ammonia wastewater treatment and ammonia recovery in the future.

Analysis of Technology and Research Trends in Biomedical Devices for Measuring EEG during Driving (운전 중 EEG 측정을 위한 생체의료기기의 기술 및 연구동향 분석)

  • Gyunhen Lee;Young-Jin Jung
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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    • v.17 no.7
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    • pp.1179-1187
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    • 2023
  • Recent advancements in modern transportation have led to the active development of various biomedical signal and medical imaging technologies. Particularly, in the field of cognitive/neuroscience, the importance of electroencephalography (EEG) measurement and the development of accurate EEG measurement technology in moving vehicles represent a challenging area. This study aims to extensively investigate and analyze the trends in technology research utilizing EEG during driving. For this purpose, the Scopus database was used to explore EEG-related research conducted since the year 2000, resulting in the selection of about 40 papers. This paper sheds light on the current trends and future directions in signal processing technology, EEG measurement device development, and in-vehicle driver state monitoring technology. Additionally, a ultra compact 32-channel EEG measurement module was designed. By implementing it simply and measuring and analyzing EEG signals, in-vehicle EEG module's functionality was checked. This research anticipates that the technology for measuring and analyzing biometric signals during driving will contribute to driver care and health monitoring in the era of autonomous vehicles.

Dependence of Electrical and Optical Properties on Substrate Temperatures of AZO Thin Films (기판온도에 의한 AZO 박막의 전기적 및 광학적 특성 변화)

  • Seong-Jun Kang;Yang-Hee Joung
    • The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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    • v.18 no.6
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    • pp.1067-1072
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    • 2023
  • We prepared AZO (Al2O3 : 3 wt %) thin films according to the substrate temperature using the pulsed laser deposition method and the structural, electrical, and optical properties of the thin films were investigated. The AZO thin film deposited at 400℃ showed the best (002) orientation and the FWHM was 0.38°. As a result of the investigation of electrical properties, it was confirmed that the carrier concentration and mobility increased and the resistivity decreased as the substrate temperature increased. The average transmittance in the visible light region showed a high value of 85% or more regardless of the substrate temperature. The Burstein-Moss effect, in which the carrier concentration would increase with increasing substrate temperature thereby widening the energy band gap, was also observed. The resistivity and the figure of merit of the AZO thin film deposited at a substrate temperature of 400℃ were 6.77 × 10-4 Ω·cm and 1.02 × 104-1·cm-1 respectively, showing the best value.

Road Environment Black Ice Detection Limits Using a Single LIDAR Sensor (단일 라이다 센서를 이용한 도로환경 블랙아이스 검출 한계)

  • Sung-Tae Kim;Won-Hyuck Choi;Je-Hong Park;Seok-Min Hong;Yeong-Geun Lim
    • Journal of Advanced Navigation Technology
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    • v.27 no.6
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    • pp.865-870
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    • 2023
  • Recently, accidents caused by black ice, a road freezing phenomenon caused by natural power, are increasing. Black ice is difficult to identify directly with the human eye and is more likely to misunderstand it as standing water, so there is a high accident rate caused by car sliding. To solve this problem, this paper presents a method of detecting black ice centered on LiDAR sensors. With a small, inexpensive, and high-accuracy light detection and ranging (LiDAR) sensor, the temperature and inclination angle are set differently to detect black ice and asphalt by setting different reflection angles of asphalt and black ice differently in temperatures and inclinations. The LIDARO carried out in the study points out that additional research and improvement are needed to increase accuracy, and through this, more reliable black ice detection methods can be suggested. This method suggests a method of detecting black ice through early system design research by preventing accidents caused by black ice in advance.

Optimization Design and Performance Evaluation of Flight Control Computer Architecture for UAV (무인항공기용 비행제어컴퓨터 아키텍처 최적화 설계 및 성능 평가)

  • Woo-ri-ul Kim;Dong-hyun Song;Sang-woong Park;Tae-sik Ahn
    • Journal of Advanced Navigation Technology
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    • v.27 no.6
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    • pp.763-769
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    • 2023
  • Flight control computers for unmanned aerial vehicles are avionics that require high reliability and are generally designed to be multiplexed for margins on failures. The multiplexed flight control computer should include an interface through discrete signals and CCDL for synchronization and fault separation between channels. With the development of unmanned aerial vehicle technology, various types of platforms such as AAM and LPI are being developed in the private and military, which require advanced control performance for high-performance flight control and SWaP optimization of onboard equipment. In this paper, we designed a optimized flight control computer architecture for unmanned aerial vehicles for multiplexing processing and performed a software design for input and output control. In addition, input/output processing performance was evaluated through the implemented flight control computer and input/output software.

Analysis of E-scooter Riding Safety on Slopes Based on Real Road (실도로 기반 E-scooter 경사로 주행 안전성 연구)

  • Iljoon Chang;Jaeduk Lee;Seyoung Ahn;Chanwoo Roh
    • The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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    • v.22 no.6
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    • pp.102-113
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    • 2023
  • With the increasing use of E-scooters, there is an urgent need for research into their driving risks because of the rising number of related accidents. Existing theoretical analysis methods are primarily vehicle-centered and do not adequately reflect the lightweight and compact characteristics of E-scooters. This study was conducted on real roads to analyze the risk and stable speeds of drivers on longitudinal slopes, considering the unique attributes of E-scooters. The risk speed on slopes was, on average, 21 km/h, with the initial risk speed decreasing as the slope became steeper. The stable speed was determined to be an average of 17 km/h, except on slopes of 1-2%, which presented a relatively low risk. These results are expected to contribute to the academic foundation for policies aimed at reducing the top speed of personal mobility, as is currently being promoted in Korea.

Factors Affecting the Reuse of Non-face-to-face Treatment by Non-face-to-face Treatment Patients in Tertiary General Hospital (상급종합병원 비대면 진료 재이용에 영향을 미치는 요인)

  • Sun-Young Min;Tae Hyun Kim;Sang Gyu Lee;Suk-Yong Jang
    • Korea Journal of Hospital Management
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    • v.28 no.4
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    • pp.1-22
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    • 2023
  • Purposes: The purpose of this study is to identify and analyze the factors that affect patients reusing non-face-to-face treatments at tertiary general hospitals. Methodology: We retrospectively analyzed a patient's reuse of non-face-to-face treatment from February 1, 2020, to December 31, 2021, at a tertiary general hospital in Seoul within one year of the first non-face-to-face treatment. A frequency analysis was conducted to identify the study subjects' demographic characteristics, treatment type characteristics, disease characteristics, and hospital use type characteristics. Also, across-analysis was conducted to verify the difference in non-face-to-face treatment reuse according to the characteristics a multiple logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify the factors affecting the reuse of non-face-to-face treatment by non-face-to-face treatment patients. Findings: The results of this study can be interpreted as indicating that the following groups are more likely tore use the non-face-to-face treatment: women, children, the elderly, Patients living far from the hospital, psychiatric patients, pediatric patients, medical benefits recipients, chronic patients, patients with mobility difficulties, and patients with high loyalty to hospitals. Practical Implications: When developing a non-face-to-face treatment system in the future, based on the results of this study, it is possible to target patients who prefer non-face-to-face treatment. And this study will be research material for vitalizing non-face-to-face treatment. In addition, the activation of the non-face-to-face treatment system will be an effective means for improving the quality of medical services and generating profits in hospitals in the future.

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Combined Effects of Gami-sipjeondaebo-tang Administration, Acupuncture, and Wet Dressing in a Patient with Grade 4 Pressure Ulcer: A Case Report (4도 욕창 환자에 대한 가미십전대보탕 투여 및 침치료와 습윤드레싱의 병행 효과 : 치험 1례)

  • Sunny Kang;Ju-hwan Song;Sang-ho Ji;Cheol-hyun Kim;Sang-kwan Lee
    • The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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    • v.44 no.6
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    • pp.1318-1326
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    • 2023
  • Introduction: Pressure ulcers, often found in patients with mobility issues, particularly elderly patients, are increasing in prevalence. Their treatment is complex, with recovery more challenging in advanced stages, and certain factors can delay healing. Case Presentation: An 87-year-old male developed a grade IV pressure ulcer on his left greater trochanter following lumbar fractures and subsequent percutaneous vertebroplasty in 2021. Despite potential surgical recommendations, his treatment consisted of daily wet dressings, acupuncture from July 2021 to February 2022, and Gami-sipjeondaebo-tang beginning August 2021. The ulcer, initially measuring 6 cm×6 cm and showing a red wound without necrosis, healed completely and showed no signs of recurrence as of August 2023. Conclusion: A grade IV pressure ulcer was effectively treated using wet dressing, acupuncture, and Gami-sipjeondaebo-tang, demonstrating no recurrence over a 1.5-year period.

A Study on Traffic Vulnerable Detection Using Object Detection-Based Ensemble and YOLOv5

  • Hyun-Do Lee;Sun-Gu Kim;Seung-Chae Na;Ji-Yul Ham;Chanhee Kwak
    • Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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    • v.29 no.1
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    • pp.61-68
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    • 2024
  • Despite the continuous efforts to mitigate pedestrian accidents at crosswalks, the problem persist. Vulnerable groups, including the elderly and disabled individuals are at a risk of being involved in traffic incidents. This paper proposes the implementation of object detection algorithm using the YOLO v5 model specifically for pedestrians using assistive devices like wheelchairs and crutches. For this research, data was collected and utilized through image crawling, Roboflow, and Mobility Aids datasets, which comprise of wheelchair users, crutch users, and pedestrians. Data augmentation techniques were applied to improve the model's generalization performance. Additionally, ensemble techniques were utilized to mitigate type 2 errors, resulting in 96% recall rate. This demonstrates that employing ensemble methods with a single YOLO model to target transportation-disadvantaged individuals can yield accurate detection performance without overlooking crucial objects.

Deep Learning Algorithm Training and Performance Analysis for Corridor Monitoring (회랑 감시를 위한 딥러닝 알고리즘 학습 및 성능분석)

  • Woo-Jin Jung;Seok-Min Hong;Won-Hyuck Choi
    • Journal of Advanced Navigation Technology
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    • v.27 no.6
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    • pp.776-781
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    • 2023
  • K-UAM will be commercialized through maturity after 2035. Since the Urban Air Mobility (UAM) corridor will be used vertically separating the existing helicopter corridor, the corridor usage is expected to increase. Therefore, a system for monitoring corridors is also needed. In recent years, object detection algorithms have developed significantly. Object detection algorithms are largely divided into one-stage model and two-stage model. In real-time detection, the two-stage model is not suitable for being too slow. One-stage models also had problems with accuracy, but they have improved performance through version upgrades. Among them, YOLO-V5 improved small image object detection performance through Mosaic. Therefore, YOLO-V5 is the most suitable algorithm for systems that require real-time monitoring of wide corridors. Therefore, this paper trains YOLO-V5 and analyzes whether it is ultimately suitable for corridor monitoring.K-uam will be commercialized through maturity after 2035.