• 유기물자원화
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.97-105
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• 2012

본 연구는 음식물류 폐기물의 처리과정에서 발생하는 음식물류 폐수를 생활폐기물 소각시설에서 생활폐기물과 음식물류폐수를 혼합하여 소각처리 방법과 소각시 음식물류 폐수를 이용한 질소산화물 제거 및 배출가스의 영향등을 조사하였다. 해양투기용으로 발생된 음식물류폐기물 폐수는 성상이 94-96%의 함수율을 갖고 있다. 음식물류폐기물 폐수를 주입하였을 때 소각로 출구 온도는 $897^{\circ}C$이였으며, 평상시는 $925^{\circ}C$로 약 $28^{\circ}C$도 떨어졌다. 음식물류폐기물 폐수를 각각 $200{\ell}/hr$, $300{\ell}/hr$ 투입시 질소산화물의 평균배출농도는 각각 50ppm, 46ppm 이었다. 연관식 폐열보일러는 음식물류 폐수의 투입량이 많을수록 튜브 막힘 현상이 있었으며, 막힘 튜브는 압축공기를 이용한 튜브 청소로 원상태를 유지 할 수 있어 연속적 소각에는 방해가 되지 않았다. 유기성 폐기물인 음식물류 폐수의 자원화 처리방법과 더불어 기존 소각시설을 이용한 소각처리가 육상처리의 한 방법으로 자리매김 할 수 있으며, 소각시 배출가스의 질소산화물이 제거됨으로써 질소산화물 제거용 암모니아, 요소수 등 화학약품비용 절감하는 효과도 있는 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제23권6호
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• pp.755-762
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• 1995

A phenolic resin industrial wastewater containing about 41,000 mg/l of phenol and 2,800 mg/l of formaldehyde was biologically treated by a mixed culture GE2 immobilized on ceramic beads. This study was carried out with three experimental groups : Control-only added the sludge of papermill wastewater ; GE2 treatment-added GE2 to Control ; Ceramic treatment-applied ceramic carrier to GE2 treatment. When the original wastewater was diluted 80 times with aerated tap-water, influent COD$_{Mn}$ WaS 1,140 mg/l and that of the effluent was in the range of 22-35 mg/l, which was not much different among the experimental groups. However, at 20-times dilution, influent COD$_{Mn}$ was 4,800 mg/l and the effluent COD$_{Mn}$ of Control, GE2 treatment and Ceramic treatment was 179, 128 and 94 mg/l, respectively. COD$_{Mn}$, removal efficiency by Ceramic treatment was the highest, at 98.0%. At this time, the effluent phenol concentration of Control, GE2 treatment and Ceramic treatment was 10.71, 7.93 and 5.60, respectively. As the dilution times decreased, the removal efficiency of COD$_{Mn}$ and phenol did not change much, but COD$_{Mn}$ and phenol concentration of the effluent increased. Consequently, it is likely that the phenolic industrial wastewater containing phenol and formaldehyde can be biologically treated using a GE2 and ceramic carrier and that at 40-times dilution, the effluent completely meets the effluent standards for industrial wastewater treatment plant.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.36-41
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• 1995

In order to treat effectively various type of wastewater discharged from the manufacture factory of organic phosphorous agricultural pesticides by the activated sludge process. The acclimation test of sludge was carried out by the dilution of completely mixed raw wastewater. The results of experiment were obstained as follows. 1. The moderate dilution rate of mixed raw wastewater was founded to about 30 times. 2. The available range of BOD-SS loading was 0.1~0.15 $kg\cdot BOD/kg\cdot SS\cdot day$ and it was similar to the case of extended aeration activated sludge process. 3. After the acclimation of activated sludge, the concentration of MLSS was 2000 mg/L, removal efficiency of BOD more than 90%, and SVI 100, respectively. 4. The oxygen respiratory rate of acclimated sludge was $47 mg\cdot O_2/g\cdot hr$ and this was increased about 5 times than $10 mg\cdot O_2/g\cdot hr$ of ordinary sludge.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제32권6호
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• pp.506-513
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• 2021

The use of fossil fuels is a major contributor to the increase atmospheric greenhouse gas emissions. As such problems arise, interest in new and renewable energy devices, particularly fuel cells, is greatly increasing. In this study, various characteristics of mixed strains were observed in wastewater collected by the Jeonju Environment Office to investigate the effects of microorganisms on voltage generation and voltage generation of substrates, electrode materials, electrons, electron transport media, and ash microbial fuel cells. As a result of separately measuring the voltage generated during inoculation, the inoculation voltage of Escherichia coli K12 (E. coli K12) was 0.45 V, and the maximum inoculation voltage of the mixed strain was 1.2 V. Thereafter, voltage values were collected using a digital multimeter and the amount of voltage generated over time was measured. In the case of E. coli K12, the maximum voltage reached 0.45 V, and the cell voltage was maintained above 0.23 V for 140 hours. In contrast, for the mixed strain, the maximum voltage reached 1.2 V and the voltage was slowly decreased to 0.97 V. In addition, the degree of microbial adsorption to the electrod surface after the inoculation test was confirmed using a scanning electron microscope. Therefore, these results showed the possibility of purifying pollutants at the same time as power generation through the production of hydrogen ions using microorganisms and wastewater.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제33권6호
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• pp.493-496
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• 2007

The influences of contact time and ratio of food to microorganism (F/M) on uptake of wastewater organic matter in a short contact process were investigated using three activated sludge batch reactors fed with synthetic wastewater, sewage and livestock wastewater. About 64% of influent soluble chemical oxygen demand (SCOD) in the synthetic wastewater and 61% of SCOD in the sewage and 43% of SCOD in the diluted livestock wastewater were adsorbed into the activated sludge within 30 min. The specific mass of organic matter uptaken in the synthetic wastewater was 55 mg SCOD/g mixed liquor suspended solids (MLSS). In the same manner, 20 and 14 mg SCOD/g MLSS were calculated as the values in the sewage and livestock wastewater, respectively.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.115-121
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• 2001

복합미생물제재를 사용하여 인공폐수에서 염소화 페놀화합물의 생물학적 분해를 조사하기 위하여 다양한 염소화 페놀화합물로 오염된 토양에서 8종의 미생물을 분리하였다. 복합미생물제재의 주된 미생물인 Pseudomonas sp. BM은 Gram-negative, catalase- 그리고 oxidase-positive, rod 형이며 $41^{\circ}C$ 이상에서는 성장하지 않았다. Pseudomonas sp. BM은 단일 탄소원으로서의 PCP(pentachlorophenol) 500mg/l의 농도로 첨가된 최소배지에서 배양 3일 후에 99%의 분해효율을 보였다. 복합미생물제재에 여러 가지 종류의 유기탄소 및 질소원을 첨가한 후 PCP의 분해효율을 관찰하였을 때 큰 차이를 나타내지 못하였다. Pseudomonas sp. BM은 pH 5에서 8까지 넓은 적용범위를 가지고 있으나 pH 7에서 가장 좋은 활성을 나타내었다. 종류가 다른 염소화 페놀을 함유한 인공폐수에서 염소화 페놀화합물의 분해시험은 7일간 배양후 최저 분해효율 73%(2,4-DCP)에서 최대 96%(2-CP)까지 비교적 높은 활성을 보였다. 연속배양 실험에서, 활성 슬러지와 복합미생물제재를 첨가한 것의 PCP 분해효율을 비교해 보았을 때 활성 슬러지만을 첨가한 대조구에 비해 복합미생물제재를 첨가하였을 때는 약 2배의 효과를 나타내었다. 이와 같은 결과는 다양한 염소화 페놀이 함유된 폐수에 복합미생물제재의 적용이 가능함을 나타낸다.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제12권7호
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• pp.3341-3352
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• 2011

본 연구는 간헐적으로 공장폐수가 유입되고 있는 하수처리시설에 대하여 각 단위공정별 운전현황 조사와 수질 측정을 실시하여 운전특성을 파악하고자 하였다. 생물반응조의 운전조건은 MLSS 농도 2,000~3,000 mg/L, HRT 5.3~16.3 시간, SRT 2.8~66.6 일 범위를 나타내었고, SVI는, 최적 범위인 50~150을 상회하여, 200 이상의 측정값이 빈번히 발생하여 슬러지 침강성이 양호하지 않은 것으로 관측되었다. 주요 원인은 공장폐수의 유입에 기인한 것으로 판단되며, 이와 같이 공장폐수 유입 시 생물반응조내의 MLDO가 급격히 상승하고 질산화 효율이 빠르게 감소하며 이차침전지에서는 Pin floc.이 유출되는 현상이 발생하였다. 미생물 관측결과, 다양한 세균 플록과 섬모충류 등이 관측되었으나, Bulking 발생의 원인이 되는 사상균인 Sphaeotilus와 방선균 등도 발견되었다. 단위공정별 처리효율은 평균적으로는 대체로 양호한 처리효율을 나타내고 있었으나 간헐적인 공장폐수 유입의 영향으로 인한 생물반응조의 운전특성의 불안정성으로, 처리효율의 변동성이 크게 나타나고 있었다.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.415-422
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• 1994

The biodegradation of aromatic compounds by a mixed culture GE1 was investigated in an artificial wastewater containing 250 mg/l of benzene, toluene, and phenol in semicontinuous culture. In the control group (no strains) with an aeration rate of 75 ml/l/min, 37% of phenol and 83% of benzene were volatilized during early 24 hrs and toluene was disappeared from the medium within 12 hrs. The biodegradation of benzene and toluene was effective in SB (strains + biofilm) treatment, while phenol was degraded more quickly in SG (strains + glucose) treatment including glucose as an additional carbon source. aromatic compounds added at a concentration of 250 mg/l were completely removed by SG treatment after 16 hrs or 32 hrs, respectively. The removal rate of COD was high as much as 80 mg/l/h in SG treatment during early period, but COD revealed a stable value of 116~140 mg/l after 12 hrs caused by increased biomass. Therefore, it is concluded that the mixed GE1 could be used for the wastewater treatment including aromatic compounds such as benzene, toluene, and phenol.

• 한국초전도ㆍ저온공학회논문지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.32-36
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• 2021

Milking parlor wastewater contains not only high concentrations of organic compounds, but often animal antibiotics. To discharge the antibiotics to public water area cause problem of antibiotics resistant bacteria. Magnetic separation was applied into improvement of milking parlor wastewater treatment process. A new process, composed of a magnetic activated sludge (MAS) process and a contact oxidation (CO) process, was proposed in this study. This process was evaluated by the simulated milking parlor wastewater (4500 mg/L COD_Cr and 10 mg/L tetracycline) using a bench scale experimental setup. As a result, the process was able to removed 97% COD_Cr as well as 94% tetracycline. The MLVSS (mixed liquor volatile suspended solids) concentration of MAS was maintained at 12000 mg/L without excess sludge drawing. This process was considered to be useful as treatment process for milking parlor wastewater in which waste-milk including antibiotics is often discharged.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.685-691
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• 1994

The biodegradation of aromatic compounds by mixed and monoculture was investigated in an artificial wastewater containing 500 mg/l of benzene(B), phenol(P), and toluene(T) in various combinations. None of three strains utilized P-xylene(X) as a carbon source, but they grew well on p-xylene in mixtures with benzene and toluene. In the mixed culture on mixed substrate, the length of lag phase was different depending on the nature of mixture. Cell growths of Flavobac- terium sp. BEN2 and Acinetobacter sp. GEM63 were inhibited in the presence of a 500 mg/l of phenol. When the mixed culture of three strains was cultured in a bench-scale reactor containing artificial wastewater, each of benzene, phenol, and toluene was not detected at 30 hrs, 50 hrs, and 12 hrs after incubation in the treatment. The removal rates of COD$_{t}$(total COD) and COD$_{s}$,(soluble COD) of upper phase after centrifugation during early 50 hrs were ca. 80% and ca. 93.8%, respectively.