• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
• /
• 제33권4호
• /
• pp.274-277
• /
• 2017

A sea star was collected from the Korea Strait in the waters adjacent to eastern Jeju Island, Korea ($33^{\circ}39^{\prime}86^{{\prime}{\prime}}N$, $127^{\circ}33^{\prime}12^{{\prime}{\prime}}E$) at a depth of 92 m on November 5, 2016. This specimen was identified as Marginaster paucispinus Fisher, 1913, from the family Poraniidae of the order Valvatida, based on morphological characteristics. The genus Marginaster Perrier, 1881 and M. paucispinus, which were first reported in the South China Sea, are new to the Korean fauna. Partial sequences of mitochondrial COI and 16S ribosomal RNA of M. paucispinus were have been determined for the first time and were deposited in GenBank. They are the first molecular records for the genus Marginaster.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• 제15권16호
• /
• pp.6977-6982
• /
• 2014

Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of a Lipofectamine2000 (Life2000) Transfection Reagent transfected psiRNA-STAT3 plasmid on 4T1 breast cancer cells. Materials and Methods: MTT was used to detect the cell proliferation of breast cancer 4T1 cells at different periods (0h, 6h, 8h, 10h); the cell cycle was assessed by flow cytometry; variation of apoptosis and mitochondrial membrane potential was observed under a fluorescence microscope; immunohistochemical staining was used to determine the expression of caspase-3 and cyclin-D1 protein. Results: An obvious effect of inhibition to 4T1 cancer cells could be observed at 8h after the psiRNA-STAT3 was transfected. Typical alterations of apoptotic morphological features were visible in the psiRNA-STAT3 treatment group. Mitochondrial membrane potential decreased significantly, the number of cells was increased in G0/G1 phase, and the number of cells was decreased in S phase, and the data were statistically significant (p<0.05), compared with the Scramble and Mock groups. Expression of caspase-3 protein was increased significantly, while that of cyclin D1 was significantly decreased. Conclusions: Life2000 transfected psiRNA-STAT3 plasmid can inhibit 4T1 tumor cell proliferation and promote apoptosis of 4T1 tumor cells, which process depends on the regulation of expression of cyclin D1 and caspase-3 protein.

• Molecules and Cells
• /
• 제25권4호
• /
• pp.510-522
• /
• 2008

To construct the molecular systematics of the genus Megoura (Hemiptera: Aphididae), DNA based-identification was performed using four mitochondrial and three nuclear DNA regions: partial cytochrome c oxidase I (COI), partial tRNA-leucine + cytochrome c oxidase II (tRNA/COII), cytochrome b (CytB), partial 12S rRNA + tRNA-valine + 16S rRNA (12S/16S), elongation factor-1 alpha ($EF1{\alpha}$), and the internal transcribed spacers 1 and 2 (ITS1, ITS2). Pairwise sequence divergences between taxa were compared, and phylogenetic analyses were performed based on each DNA region separately, and the combined datasets. COI, CytB, $EF1{\alpha}$, ITS1, and ITS2 were relatively effective in determining species and resolving their relationships. By contrast, the sequences of tRNA/COII and 12S/16S were not able to separate the closely related species. CytB and $EF1{\alpha}$ gave better resolution with higher average sequence divergences (4.7% for CytB, 5.2% for $EF1{\alpha}$). The sequence divergence of COI (3.0%) was moderate, and those of the two ITS regions (1.8% for ITS1, 2.0% for ITS2) were very low. Phylogenetic trees were constructed by minimum evolution, maximum parsimony, maximum likelihood, and Bayesian phylogenetic analyses. The results indicated that the phylogenetic relationships between Megoura species were associated with their host preferences. Megoura brevipilosa and M. lespedezae living on Lespedeza were closely related, and M. nigra, monophagous on Vicia venosa, was rather different from M. crassicauda, M. litoralis, and M. viciae, which are oligophagous on Lathyrus and Vicia. The three populations of M. crassicauda formed a clade separated from M. litoralis and M. viciae. Nevertheless M. litoralis and M. viciae, which are morphologically similar, were not separated due to negligible sequence divergence. We discuss the phylogenetic relationships of the Megoura, and the usefulness of the seven DNA regions for determining the species level phylogeny of aphids.

• Animal cells and systems
• /
• 제2권2호
• /
• pp.259-267
• /
• 1998

A deletion of one out of the two copies of 9-bp repeat sequence (CCCCCTCTA), between the cytochrome oxidase II and Iysine tranfer RNA (COII/$tRNA^{Lys}$) genes in human mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) has been used as a polymorphic anthropological marker for people of east Asian origin, and to lesser extent, Pacific and African populations. We searched for the 9-bp deletion of the intergenic COII/$tRNA^{Lys}$ Lys region in two Korean populations (175 from Seoul and 38 from Cheju) and examine the distibution of this deletion in world populations. The 9-bp deletion was detected directly by electrophoresis of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-amplified nucleotide(nt) 8211-8310 mtDNA fragment. The frequencies of the 9-bp deletion were significantly different between the Seoul (16%) and Cheju (8%) populations. Examination of data from the world populations suggests a geographic gradient. The frequency reaches its highest values in some Pacific island populations and decreases along the southeast Asia-Siberia transect. In spite of this geographic gradient, Mongoloid populations including Korean, Chinese, Japanese, and Mongolian populations were relatively homo-geneous with regard to the 9-bp deletion type of the intergenic COII/$tRNA^{Lys}$ region. These results indicate Koreans are genetically related to northeast Asian populations, and have a maternal mongoloid ancestry. Therefore, the 9-bp deletion of the intergenic COII/$tRNA^{Lys}$ region will provide significant information to elucidate the historical patterns of migration of the Mongoloids.

• 미생물학회지
• /
• 제37권1호
• /
• pp.37-41
• /
• 2001

Pleurotus ostreatus에서는 10.2 kb와 7.2 kb의 미토콘드리아 선상 플라스미드 DNA가 존재함이 발견되었다. 이 플라스미드 DNA의 양쪽 5'말단에는 단백질이 공유 결합되어있다고 알려져 있다. 최근에 P.ostreatus의 10.2 kb 미토콘드리아 선상 플라스미드 DNA를 다른 곰팡이의 선상 플라스미드 DNA에 존재하는 open reading frame(ORF)와 비교 분석하여 Podospora anserina의 플라스미드 pAL2의 DNA polymerase 및 RNA polymerase 암호부위와 유사성이 있음이 확인되었다. 본 연구에서는 7.2 kb선상 DNA를 HindIII잘라서 얻은 2조각의 절편(4.7 kb, 2.3 kb)을 클로닝하고 염기 서열을 분석하였다. 클로닝된 7 kb 절편에는 3개의 ORF,즉 ORF1(2982 bp, 993 amino acids), ORF2(2703 bp, 900 amino acids), ORF3(771 bp, 256 amino acids)가 존재함을 확인하였다 또한, 이들의 ORF를 분석한 결과, DNA polymerase와 RNA polymerase 암호부위와 유사성 이 있음을 확인하였다.

• Journal of Species Research
• /
• 제10권3호
• /
• pp.276-286
• /
• 2021

We performed a taxonomic study on Korean Pacificincolidae (Bryozoa: Cheilostomata) with the materials collected from 39 localities(ports, intertidal and subtidal zones) in the coastal seas of South Korea from 1981 to 2020. Korean Mucronella perforata reported by Rho and Seo (1985) turned out to be not Pacificincola perforata, but Primavelans glabricollaris n. sp. based on morphological data. Pacificincola perforata, which was transferred from Mucronella perforata (Okada and Mawatari, 1937), is also added to the Korean fauna. This study is the first to use mitochondrial 16S rRNA gene sequences to study the family Paficincolidae. The NJ analysis also reconfirmed the validity of the genus Primavelans, established on the basis of the early astogeny by De Blauwe in 2006, with the mitochondrial 16S rRNA sequences. The inter-genetic distance among two species belong to the Pacificincolidae was in the range of 13.39±1.83 mm. Primavelans glabricollaris n. sp. is thus distinguished from Pacificincola perforata with both morphological and molecular data. A new species, Primavelans glabricollaris, and a new record, Pacificincola perforata from Korea are herein described in detail and illustrated by scanning electron microscopy.

• BMB Reports
• /
• 제56권2호
• /
• pp.49-55
• /
• 2023

Aging is characterized by a gradual decline in biological functions, leading to the increased probability of diseases and deaths in organisms. Previous studies have identified biological factors that modulate aging and lifespan, including non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs). Here, we review the relationship between aging and tRNA-derived small RNAs (tsRNAs), ncRNAs that are generated from the cleavage of tRNAs. We describe age-dependent changes in tsRNA levels and their functions in age-related diseases, such as cancer and neurodegenerative diseases. We also discuss the association of tsRNAs with aging-regulating processes, including mitochondrial respiration and reduced mRNA translation. We cover recent findings regarding the potential roles of tsRNAs in cellular senescence, a major cause of organismal aging. Overall, our review will provide useful information for understanding the roles of tsRNAs in aging and age-associated diseases.

• 한국균학회지
• /
• 제39권1호
• /
• pp.11-15
• /
• 2011

국내 Verticillium dahliae 균주를 공시하여 다른 Verticillium 종과의 유전적 차이와 다양성을 밝히고자 국내 두 지역으로 부터 분리한 V. dahliae를 포함한 7종의 Verticillium속 14균주를 대상으로 mitochondrial small subunit rRNA gene (rns) 영역 염기서열 분석과 random-amplified polymorphic DNA(RAPD)를 실시하였다. rns 영역 염기서열의 분석에서 국내 분리균인 5개의 V. dahliae균주는 Verticillium속 내 다른 종들과 달리 하나의 그룹을 형성하였고, 외국 균주들과도 동일한 그룹을 이루었다. rns 영역 염기서열 분석뿐만 아니라 RAPD 분석에서도 Verticillium속의 다른 종들과 구별되어 V. dahliae가 한 그룹을 형성하였으나 V. dahliae 균주간에 형성된 세 개의 소그룹을 통하여 동일한 국화과 작물로 부터 분리한 V. dahliae 간에 분리된 지역에 따라 유전적 다양성이 존재함을 확인하였다. 이러한 결과는 국내 V. dahliae의 유전적 다양성연구와 유연관계분석에 기초적인 자료로 사용될 것이다.

• 한국응용곤충학회지
• /
• 제61권3호
• /
• pp.507-512
• /
• 2022

매미나방은 산림과 과수에 심각한 피해를 입히는 해충이다. 본 연구에서는 국내 매미나방의 미토콘드리아 게놈(15,548 bp)을 분석하였다. 13개의 PCG와 2개의 rRNA를 연결한 서열(13,568 bp)을 사용한 23개의 미토콘드리아 게놈의 계통분석 결과, 분석한 매미나방은 다른 지역의 매미나방과 같은 과에 속하며 각각의 과(Erebidae, Euteliidae, Noctuidae, Nolidae, Notodontidae)들은 높은 노드수치로 단계통을 형성하였다.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
• /
• 제59권3호
• /
• pp.259-268
• /
• 2016

Objective : Accumulation of advanced glycation end-products (AGE) and mitochondrial glycation is importantly implicated in the pathological changes of the brain associated with diabetic complications, Alzheimer disease, and aging. The present study was undertaken to determine whether sildenafil, a type 5 phosphodiesterase type (PDE-5) inhibitor, has beneficial effect on neuronal cells challenged with AGE-induced oxidative stress to preserve their mitochondrial functional integrity. Methods : HT-22 hippocampal neuronal cells were exposed to AGE and changes in the mitochondrial functional parameters were determined. Pretreatment of cells with sildenafil effectively ameliorated these AGE-induced deterioration of mitochondrial functional integrity. Results : AGE-treated cells lost their mitochondrial functional integrity which was estimated by their MTT reduction ability and intracellular ATP concentration. These cells exhibited stimulated generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), disruption of mitochondrial membrane potential, induction of mitochondrial permeability transition, and release of the cytochrome C, activation of the caspase-3 accompanied by apoptosis. Western blot analyses and qRT-PCR demonstrated that sildenafil increased the expression level of the heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1). CoPP and bilirubin, an inducer of HO-1 and a metabolic product of HO-1, respectively, provided a similar protective effects. On the contrary, the HO-1 inhibitor ZnPP IX blocked the effect of sildenafil. Transfection with HO-1 siRNA significantly reduced the protective effect of sildenafil on the loss of MTT reduction ability and MPT induction in AGE-treated cells. Conclusion : Taken together, our results suggested that sildenafil provides beneficial effect to protect the HT-22 hippocampal neuronal cells against AGE-induced deterioration of mitochondrial integrity, and upregulation of HO-1 is involved in the underlying mechanism.