• Applied Microscopy
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.75-85
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• 1995

The goal of the present study is to investigate the precise variation of tubulin substances in the cytoplasm of oviductal ciliated cells and the morphological changes in cytoplasmic organelles of ciliated cells for ciliogenesis by estrous cycles. The animals used in this study were female rat (Sprague Dawley strain), weighing approximately 200 gm. The ampulla oviducts of these animals (at each of estrous cycle) were rapidly excised. At each stage of estrous cycle, the tissues were used for immunocytochemical study and other were used for electron microscopical study. All specimens were observed by the light and electron microscope. The results obtained are as follows: 1. In the ciliated cells at proestrus, Golgi complex showed $5{\sim}7$ stacked cisternae with numerous saccules and vacuoles. Large amount of fibrous granules were located near the Golgi complex. But at metestrus and diestrus, few fibrous granules were seen. 2. A moderate number of rough endoplasmic reticulum and polyribosomes were scattered in the cytoplasm of ciliated cells at proestrus, but were decrease in number at metestrus and diestrus. 3. At proestrus and estrus, there were a large amount of vesicles in the apical cytoplasm of ciliated cells. 4. Numerous mitochondria were located in the apical cytoplasm at proestrus and estrus, but only a few at metestrus and diestrus. 5. At proestrus and estrus, tubulin substances showed strong reactions in the cytoplasm but weak reactions at metestrus and diestrus. It is suggested consequently that the ciliated cells of the rat oviducts showed no morphological changes of cilia but the ultrastructural organelles of the cells were changed in its shape and location during the entire estrous cycle.

• 대한유전성대사질환학회지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.95-98
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• 2018

미토콘드리아 질환은 단일 장기에서부터 여러 장기에 걸쳐 침범할 수 있다는 임상 증상의 광범위한 이질성이 특징이다. 안검하수, 색소 망막 퇴화, 외안근 마미, 시신경 위축 등과 같은 다양한 안구 증상이 미토콘드리아 질환에서 함께 나타날 수 있지만, 진행성 양안 백내장은 미토콘드리아 질환의 안과적 증상에서 매우 드물다. 저자들은 미토콘드리아 호흡 연쇄 복합체 결핍 환자에서 흔치 않은 안구 발현 현상인 진행성 양안 백내장 침범 사례를 경험하였기에 보고하는 바이다.

• Animal cells and systems
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.363-370
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• 1997

RNase MRP is a ribonucleoprotein complex with a site-specific endonuclease activity. Its original substrate for cleavage is the small mitochondrial RNA near the mitochondrial DNA replication origin, thus it was proposed to generate the primer for mtDNA replication. Recently, it has been shown to have another substrate in the nucleus, such as pre-S.8S ribosomal RNA in nucleolus. The gene for the RNA component of RNase MRP (MRP RNA) was found to be encoded by the nucleus genome, suggesting an interesting intracellular trafficking of MRP RNA to both mitochondria and nucleolus after transcription in nucleus. In this study, genomic DNA encoding MRP RNA was microinjected into the nucleus of Xenopus oocytes, to analyze promoter regions involved in the transcription. It showed that the proximal sequence element and TATA box are important for basal level transcription; octamer motif and Sp1 binding sites are for elevated level transcription. Most of Xenopus MRP RNA was exported out to the cytoplasm following transcription in the nucleus. Utilizing various hybrid constructs, export of MRP RNA was found to be regulated by the promoter and the 5' half of the coding region of the gene. Interestingly, the transcription in nucleus seems to be coupled to the export of MRP RNA to cytoplasm. Intracellular transport of injected MRP RNA can be easily visualized by whole-mount in situ hybridization following microinjection; it also shows possible intra-nuclear sites for transcription and export of MRP RNA.

• 한국패류학회지
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.333-342
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• 2014

Ultrastructural studies of oogenesis in oocytes, oocyte degeneration associated with the follicle cells in female Coecella chinensis were investigated for clams collected from Namhae, Geongsangnam-do, Korea. In this study, vitellogenesis during oogenesis in the oocytes occured by way of endogenous autosynthesis and exogenous heterosynthesis. Of two processes of vitellogenesis during oogenesis, the process of endogenous autosynthesis involved the combined activity of the Golgi complex, mitochondria and rough endoplasmic reticulum. whereas the process of exogenous heterosynthesis involved endocytotic incorporation of extraovarian precursors at the basal region of the oolema of the early vitellogenic oocytes prior to the formation of the vitelline coat. It is assumed that the follicle cells were involved in the development of previtellogenic and early vitellogenic oocytes and appear to play an integral role in vitellogenesis in the early and late vitellogenic oocytes by endocytosis of yolk precursors, and also they were involved in oocyte degeneration by assimilating products originating from the degenerated oocytes, thus allowed the transfer of york precursors needed for vitellogenesis (through phagocytosis by phagolysosomes after spawning). Follicle cells presumably have a lysosomal system for breakdown products of oocyte degeneration. and for reabsorption of various phagosomes (phagolysosomes) in the cytoplasm for nutrient storage during the period of oocyte degeneration.

• 한국발생생물학회지:발생과생식
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.227-235
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• 2016

Ultrastructural studies on oocyte development and vitellogenesis in oocytes, and the functions of follicle cells during oogenesis and oocyte degeneration were investigated to clarifyb the reproductive mechanism on vitellogenesis of Scapharca subcrenata using electron microscope observations. In this study, vitellogenesis during oogenesis in the oocytes occured by way of autosynthesis and heterosynthesis. Of two processes of vitellogenesis during oogenesis, the process of endogenous autosynthesis involved the combined activity of the Golgi complex, mitochondria and rough endoplasmic reticulum. However, the process of exogenous heterosynthesis involved endocytotic incorporation of extraovarian precursors at the basal region of the oolema of the early vitellogenic oocytes before the formation of the vitelline coat. In this study, follicle cells, which attached to the previtellogenic and vitellogenic oocytes, were easily found. In particular, the follicle cells were involved in the development of previtellogenic oocytes by the supply of nutrients, and vitellogenesis in the early and late vitellogenic oocytes by endocytosis of yolk precursors. Based on observations of follicle cells attached to degenerating oocytes after spawning, follicles of this species are involved in lysosomal induction of oocyte degeneration for the resorption phagosomes (phagolysosomes) in the cytoplasm for nutrient storage, as seen in other bivalves. In this study, the functions of follicle cells can accumulate reserves of lipid granules and glycogen particles for vitellogenesis from degenerating oocytes after spawning.

• 치과방사선
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.27-49
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• 1987

Using ³H-proline as a radioactive tracer, the relationship between the ultrastructural differentiation and the site of protein synthesis has been investigated in developing red blood corpuscles. The general ultra-structure of erythropoietic cells in differentiation after 60 minutes of in vitro labeling has confirmed the results from previous investigations by Bessis, M., Thiery, J. and others. In dividing nuclei more than two-thirds of the labeling were present at the interface between heterochromatin and euchromatin. In less differentiated cells most of the grains in interphase cells was localized over the nucleus. As the cells continued to develope beyond a stage where cytoplasmic density was clearly increased over other cell lines in bone marrow, the majority of grains localized over the cytoplasmic area was decreased in more mature cells, as judged by the density of cytoplasm, and the structural changes in mitochondria, Golgi complex and polysomal configurations. These results show; 1) that the cytoplasm of erythroblast series does not change under in vitro conditions employed in the study; 2) that protein synthesis in the nucleus occurs largely at the interface between euchromatin and heterochromatin in active nuclei; and 3) that cytoplasmic synthesis of proteins continues to take place well into the normoblast stage solong as the physically visible polysomes are present in maturing red blood corpuscles.

• Applied Microscopy
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.12-22
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• 1990

The morphological characteristics and changes of the foregut in the grasshopper (Oxya sinuosa Mistshenko) have been studied with the special reference to the developmental stage. In light microscope level, the epithelia are seen the cuboidal shape in the 5th instar nymph and the adult. A number of pigment granules are appeared in the cuboidal epithelium of the 5th instar nymph, however the pigment granules were a few in the adult. Indistinct or undifferentiated folds of the epithelial layer were appeared in the 5th instar nymph, whereas the well-developed folds were in the adult. The well-developed muscular layers are seen in the 5th instar nymph, however in the adult the muscular layers are appeared thin or a few layer except the crop. In electron microscope level, in the foregut epithelium, a few round or oval shaped mitochondria, well-developed rER, Golgi complex, lysosome and a number of vacuoles were appeared in the cytoplasm. Two types of pigment granules, electron dense or homogenous and low electron dense or lamellar profiles, are seen in the esophageal epithelium. The crystalline profiles and plasma membrane infoldings were also appeared. In the foregut epithelium of the 5th instar nymph, however the cell organelles were generally undifferentiated and in the crop two types of pigment granules as the adult esophageal epithelium were also found.

• Applied Microscopy
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.137-155
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• 1996

The development of the ganglia of the trachea was studied by electron microscopy in human fetuses ranging from 40 mm to 260 mm crown rump length. At 40 mm fetus, the tracheal ganglia was observed in the submucosa of the trachea. The primitive ganglia consisted of neuroblasts, undifferentiated cells, and unmyelinated nerve fibers. At 50 mm fetus, the neuroblast and their processes in the tracheal ganglia ware ensheathed by the bodies or processes of satellite cells. The cytoplasm of the neuroblast contained rough endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria, Golgi complex, and ribosomes. At 70 mm fetus, cholinergic and adrenergic axon terminals were observed. Cholinergic axon terminals with agranular vesicles were abundant in the tracheal ganglia with increasing age. During next prenatal stage from 100 mm fetus, the ganglion cells and its processes were completely covered by a thin processes of the satellite cells. Unmyelinated nerve fibers were also completely ensheathed by processes of Schwann cell. Synaptic contacts between the cholinergic axon and dendrite of ganglion cells and a few dendrodendritic synapses were first observed at 100 mm fetus. The granule-containing cells were first identified in the tracheal ganglia at 200 mm fetus. These findings indicate that tracheal ganglia of human fetus resembles other parasympathetic and sympathetic ganglia, but not the enteric ganglia.

• 한국발생생물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국발생생물학회 2005년도 제20차 학술대회 논문집
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• pp.52-52
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• 2005

Oogenesis, the gonadosomatic index (GSI), reproductive cycle and first sexual maturation of the female Neptunea (Barbitonia) arthritica cumingii have been investigated by light and electron microscope observations. In the early vitellogenic oocyte, the Golgi complex and mitochondria were involved in the formation of glycogen, lipid droplets and yolk granules. In late vitellogenic oocytes, the rough endoplasmic reticulum and multivesicular bodies were involved in the formation of proteid yolk granules in the cytoplasm. In particular, compared with the results of other gastropods, it is a different result that appearances of cortical granules at the cortical layer and microvilli on the vitelline envelope, which is associated with heterosynthetic vitellogenesis, were not observed in vitellogenic oocytes during oogenesis. A mature yolk granule was composed of three components: main body (central core), superficial layer, and the limiting menbrane, Monthly changes in the gonadosomatic index in females were studied in 2002 and 2003 were closely associated with ovarian developmental phases. Spawning occurred between May and August in 2002 and 2003 and the main spawning occurred between June and July when the seawater temperature rose to approximately 18${\sim}$23${\circ}$C. The female reproductive cycle can be classified into five successive stages: early activestage (Septmber to October), late active stage ( November to February), ripe stage (February to June), partially spawned stage (May to Aygust), and recovery stage (June to August).

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제53권5호
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• pp.644-647
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• 2010

Purpose: To evaluate myocardial conductivity to understand cardiac involvement in patients with mitochondrial disease. Methods: We performed retrospective study on fifty-seven nonspecific mitochondrial encephalopathy patients with no clinical cardiac manifestations. The patients were diagnosed with mitochondrial respiratory chain complex defects through biochemical enzyme assays of muscle tissue. We performed standard 12-lead electrocardiography (ECG) on all patients. Results: ECG abnormalities were observed in 30 patients (52.6%). Prolongation of the QTc interval (>440 ms) was seen in 19 patients (33.3%), widening of the corrected QRS interval in 15 (26.3%), and bundle branch block in four (7.0%). Atrioventricular block, premature atrial contraction and premature ventricular contraction were seen in two patients each (3.5%) and Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome in one patient (1.8%). Conclusion: Given this finding, we recommend active screening with ECG in patients with mitochondrial disease even in patients without obvious cardiac manifestation.