• Journal of Korean Dental Science
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.50-57
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• 2013

Purpose: Autogenous tooth bone graft is proven to be efficient. We evaluated the bone healing effect and clinical capabilities of autogenous tooth bone materials as a scaffold when growth factor is used together with this material. Materials and Methods: Subjects were those who needed implant placement and bone graft because of missing tooth or alveolar bone defect and who kept their autogenous tooth or needed extraction of other tooth. Group I included autogenous tooth bone graft with growth factor, whereas Group II had only autogenous tooth bone graft. We investigated the bone healing state through computed tomography taken just before surgery and 3 to 4 months after surgery to evaluate the effectiveness of bone graft. Group I had 9 patients, whereas Group II had 5 patients. We compared the pre- and post-operative increase of the Hounsfield unit and bone height by analyzing the computed tomography images. Result: Sinus bone grafts numbered 8 cases, and vertical ridge augmentation was performed together with 3 cases of these. Vertical ridge augmentation was performed in 2 cases, and horizontal ridge augmentation in 1 case alone. Socket graft was done in 3 cases. The post-operative mean value of the Hounsfield unit was 960 in Group I and 836.7 in Group II, but the increase was almost similar, i.e., 636.9 in Group I and 634.7 in Group II on the average. Increase of bone height was 7.6 mm in Group I and 11.1 mm in Group II on the average. This difference was attributable to the fact that most of the cases were sinus bone graft in Group II. Conclusion: In this study, we suggest the possibility of autogenous tooth bone graft materials as a scaffold besides their bone healing ability.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.319-330
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• 2006

It is imperative that pictograms as pictorial information be empirically tested in order to establish whether the users do indeed associate the appropriate referent in an actual usage situation. The experiment employing the Multiple Index Approach was conducted in a class room with 64 subjects to evaluate tourism and recreation related pictograms. Performance data(hit rate, false alarm and missing value) of 25 pictograms were collected and the average hit rate as a prime index of pictogram associativeness was 65.82%. The matrix analysis showed 14 pictograms were high in subjective certainty and subjective suitability. The other 11, which were low in both criteria may require prior learning or improvement of the pictogram designs to represent their meanings more distinctively.

• Korea Journal of Hospital Management
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.1-12
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• 2019

Purposes: The purpose of this study, was to identify similar factors between reasons for unscreening and unmet health care needs through prior research, and based on this, we wanted to figure out the relevance between the medical screening and unmet health care needs. Methodology: The analysis was conducted using data from 9,640 adults aged 19 or older who don't have a missing value from 16,277 participants in the 7th, 1st&2nd Year (2016&2017) of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES). Unmet health care needs were investigated as a self-reported questionnaire of whether medical service was required but not received. And the analysis was performed through the Chi-Square Test and Multi-logistic Regression analysis. Findings: As a result of the analysis, unmet healthcare needs were higher who received only one type of screening comparative to who screened both. and were highest who screened neither. Practical Implications: Unmet health care needs are the center of a vicious cycle, such as morbidity and mortality, which is detrimental to the quality of life, and continues to increase. Therefore, it is necessary to find ways of realizing health care that guarantees the health rights of all citizens by policy guarantee and support for the subjects to recognize the importance of thorough education of screenings rather than only health screening or cancer screening.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.103-119
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• 2003

Below are the reports arranged from the research of ${\ll}$XiFangZiMingTangJiuJing(西方子明堂灸經)${\gg}$, which appears in the research of the main issue. ${\ll}$XiFangZiMingTangJiuJing${\gg}$ was written during the Nan-song period, approximately between 1142~1194, and was probably completed between 1142~1148. This book is the very first book specific on the moxibustion theory which exists these days and also thoroughly contains the moxibustion theory. So it contains many documents of the moxibustion theory which are missing these days. Also it's possible that the illustration presented in this book followed ${\ll}$MingTangJing(明堂經)${\gg}$ of SunSiMiao(孫思邈). The way of arranging the GuiJing(歸經) of YuZue(兪穴) and deciding the location of acupuncturing(穴位) differs from reports given by other documents. As seen above, ${\ll}$XiFangZiMingTangJiuJing${\gg}$ has a consulting value on the moxibustion theroy(灸法), both in clinic and the research of documents. So we are looking forward that there would be a more profound research continuing in the future.

• Journal of Korean Clinical Health Science
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.148-157
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• 2014

Purpose. This study compares and analyzes customer service on customer satisfaction and customer royalty on customer satisfaction targeting the customers visiting a hospital or a clinic which is franchised or not. And it aims at helping business rationalization for a medical institution. Methods. This paper conducts a survey and selects a sample of 670 customers except the missing value targeting the customers of 4 primary health care institutions and 4 bigger health care institutions in Seoul and Gyeonggi province. It conducts frequency analysis for the purpose of investigating the respondents' generic characteristic and factor of their medical institution selection, and factor analysis, reliability analysis and regression analysis for the hypothesis testing. Results. The first hypothesis testing result is significant in level of significance of 0.01. The second one is the same as the first one, but the dummy variable shows a negative regression coefficient(-0.479). The third one is significant in level of significance of 0.01, but the forth one is not significant. And the respondents prioritize website(Home page) and convenience in use of a hospital procedure for selecting a hospital or a clinic. Conclusions. The additional analysis finds that the franchised group has more satisfaction than none franchised group. But in case of their royalty, the average of franchised and none franchised groups are not significantly different. Therefore, the results of this paper reveal to support the results of the advanced researches.

• Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.469-479
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• 2015

This study have been conducted to analyze the feasibility of establishing Contamination Warning System(CWS) that is capable of monitoring early natural or intentional water quality accidents, and providing active and quick responses for domestic C_water supply system. In order to evaluate the water quality data set, pH, turbidity and free residual chlorine concentration data were collected and each statistical value(mean, variation, range) was calculated, then the seasonal variability of those were analyzed using the independent t-test. From the results of analyzing the distribution of outliers in the measurement data using a high-pass filter, it could be confirmed that a lot of lower outliers appeared due to data missing. In addition, linear filter model based on autoregressive model(AR(1) and AR(2)) was applied for the state estimation of each water quality data set. From the results of analyzing the variability of the autocorrelation coefficient structure according to the change of window size(6hours~48hours), at least the window size longer than 12hours should be necessary for estimating the state of water quality data satisfactorily.

• The Korean Journal of Emergency Medical Services
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.235-246
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• 2003

Due to major disasters Korea has been damaged, and they caused lots of casualties: for last ten years natural disasters caused 1288 deaths including missing people; human disasters including industrial disasters brought as many as 4,512.148 casual ties (126,372 deaths with 4,385,400 injuries); and they cost 44.1 trillion property damage. However, even though major disasters have brought about tremendous human loss and property damage, Koreas National Disaster Medical System to rescue casualties is insufficient, and it has not been activated. Fortunately, through major disaster management process, the National Disaster Management System has been developed, increasing its own efficiency, and resulting in to organize an Office of Firefighting and Prevention of Disasters under the central government. Considering the value of human lives, the disaster medical part, in the U.S.A. as well as in Korea, must have an independent organization in the government, not as one sector of the government department. It will have its own organizational structure, such as disaster planning, operation, and logistics, and interact with central and local government or between local government agencies. So each agency will cooperate and supply resources interchangeably. Also, with the system of disaster management and restoration, the disaster medical system must be advanced in keeping step. Its role must be extended due to the possibility of biological terror or SARS around the world, resulting in severe casualties. Korea has the Emergency Medical Service System based on the regulation of emergency medical care, yet it is a part of the National Disaster Management System. It must be managed independently apart from it. As we see the emergency medical technicians playing as the backbone in disaster medical care in the US, we should have legal foundations for Koreas emergency medical technicians, emergency medical providers, to participate in rescue operation actively. At the same time, we need to have a national register system to classify disaster medical resources, and a total plan to place resources according to the impact of disaster, and how to organize teams. We also need to draw up a scheme to activate civil disaster medical resources, as integrating public and private or voluntary organizations.

• Magazine of the Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.95-102
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• 1994

The series of the papers consist of three parts to describe the development, calibration, and applications of the flood forecasting models for the Youngsan Estuarine Dam located at the mouth of the Youngsan river. And this paper discusses the hydrologic model for inflow simulation at Naju station, which constitutes 64 percent of the drainage basin of 3521 .6km$^2$ in area. A simplified TANK model was formulated to simulate hourly runoff from rainfall And the model parameters were optirnized using historical storm data, and validated with the records. The results of this paper were summarized as follows. 1. The simplified TANK model was formulated to conceptualize the hourly rainfall-run-off relationships at a watershed with four tanks in series having five runoff outlets. The runoff from each outlet was assumed to be proportional to the storage exceeding a threshold value. And each tank was linked with a drainage hole from the upper one. 2. Fifteen storm events from four year records from 1984 to 1987 were selected for this study. They varied from 81 to 289rn'm The watershed averaged, hourly rainfall data were determined from those at fifteen raingaging stations using a Thiessen method. Some missing and unrealistic records at a few stations were estimated or replaced with the values determined using a reciprocal distance square method from abjacent ones. 3. An univariate scheme was adopted to calibrate the model parameters using historical records. Some of the calibrated parameters were statistically related to antecedent precipitation. And the model simulated the streamflow close to the observed, with the mean coefficient of determination of 0.94 for all storm events. 4. The simulated streamflow were in good agreement with the historical records for ungaged condition simulation runs. The mean coefficient of determination for the runs was 0.93, nearly the same as calibration runs. This may indicates that the model performs very well in flood forecasting situations for the watershed.

• Journal of KIISE
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• v.44 no.8
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• pp.782-790
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• 2017

The service, 'Hot Search Keywords', provides a list of the most hot search terms of different web services such as Naver or Daum. The service, bases the changes in rank of a specific search keyword on changes in its users' interest. This paper introduces a temporal modelling framework for predicting the rank change of hot search keywords using past rank data and machine learning. Past rank data shows that more than 70% of hot search keywords tend to disappear and reappear later. The authors processed missing rank value, using deletion, dummy variables, mean substitution, and expectation maximization. It is however crucial to calculate the optimal window size of the past rank data. We proposed an optimal window size selection approach based on the minimum amount of time a topic within the same or a differing context disappeared. The experiments were conducted with four different machine-learning techniques using the Naver, Daum, and Nate 'Hot Search Keywords' datasets, which were collected for 2 years.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.22
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• pp.9933-9937
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• 2014

Background: Colorectal cancer is the third most common type of cancer in males and the second in females in Iran. Males are more likely to develop CRC than women and age is considered as a main risk factor for colorectal cancer. Prevalence of colorectal cancer has been increasing in Asian countries. Aim: The object of this study was to determine the clinical and pathology characteristics of colorectal polyps in Iranian patients and to investigate the variation between our populations with other populations. Materials and Methods: A total of 167 patients with colorectal polyps were included in our study. All underwent colonoscopy during 2009-2013 and specimens were taken through polypectomy and transferred to pathology. All data in patient files including pathology reports were collected and analyzed by SPSS 16 software. A two-tailed test was used and a P-value of < 0.05 was considered significant. Results: Mean age of participants was $57{\pm}15$. Some 84 were females (50.3%) and 83 males (49.7%). Total of 225 polyps were detected which 119 (52.9%) were in males and 106 (47.1%) were in females. Solitary polyps were observed in 124 patients (74%), 26 (15.6%) had two polyps and 17 (10.1%) with more than two polyps (three to five). Rectosigmoid was the site of most of the polyps (63.1%), followed by 19.6% in the descending colon, 7.6% in the transverse, 5.8% in the ascending, and 3.1% in the cecum, data being missing in two cases. Conclusions: Recto sigmoid was site of most of the polyps. The most prevalent type of lesion was adenomatous polyps detected in 78 (34.7%). Mixed hyperplastic adenomatous type observed in 70 (31.1%). This high prevalence of adenomatous polyps in Iranian patients implies the urgent need for screening plans to prevent further healthcare problems with colorectal cancer in the Iranian population.