• Journal of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute of Korea
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• v.30 no.6
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• pp.501-506
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• 2017

An infrared seeking missile does not emit any signal by itself as it is guided by passive heat signature from an aircraft. Therefore, it is difficult for the target aircraft to notice the existence of incoming missile, making it a serious threat. The usage of MAW(missile approach warning) that can notify the approaching infrared seeking missile is currently limited due to its high cost. Furthermore, effectiveness of MAW against infrared seeking missile is not available in open literature. Therefore, effect of evasive maneuver by MAW on the survivability of the aircraft is simulated to evaluate the benefit of the MAW in this research. The lethal range is used as a measure of aircraft survivability. An aircraft flying at an altitude of 5km with Mach 0.9 being tracked by air-launched AIM-9 infrared seeking missile is considered in this research. As a variable for the evasive maneuver, the MAW recognition distance of 5~7km and the G-force of 3~7G that limits maximum directional change of the aircraft are considered. Simulation results showed that the recognition of incoming missile by MAW and following evasive maneuver can reduce the lethal range considerably. Maximum reduction in lethal range is found to be 29.4%. Also, the MAW recognition distance have a greater importance than the aircraft maneuverability that is limited by structural limit of the aircraft.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.266-269
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• 2012

This paper introduces a signal processing technique for discrimination of ballistic missile's warhead. An interceptor missile to destroy the enemy's ballistic missile requires an information on the location of missile's warhead. In order to detect and locate the missile's warhead, a seeker radar in the interceptor missile makes use of chirp waveform to generate high resolution range profiles(HRRPs). We applied one of the well known spectral estimation technique called ESPRIT (Estimation of Signal Parameters by Rotational Invariance Technique) to these HRRPs to estimate scattering centers on the target. Using the information on the one-dimensional(1-D) scattering centers, we can find the location of the warhead by estimating the length of the missile, Simulation results show that the proposed signal processing technique is efficient in discriminating the warhead of an ballistic missile.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Military Science and Technology
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.122-128
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• 2023

The target must be located within the main-lobe of the antenna in order to measure the direction of the target by using sum-delta monopulse technique. The most common way if the target is located within the main-lobe is to compare the amplitude of the sum channel received signal with the delta channel received signal. However, in the case of the single-ring circular array antenna, it is difficult to apply the conventional method due to its structural limitation where antenna elements do not exist in the center of the array. In this paper, we proposed a novel method to identify whether a target is located within the main-lobe by appropriately adjusting the feeding amplitude of each element constituting the single-ring circular array antenna through the particle swarm optimization method. Simulation results showed that the proposed method can determine whether the target is located within the main-lobe of the single-ring circular array antenna.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.292-298
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• 2013

A signal processing technique is introduced in this paper in order to estimate the lengths of missile targets. To measure the length of a target, it is necessary to know the information on the target's location and aspect angle. Chirp waveforms and stretch processing are used to estimate the location and angle of a missile as well as HRRP(High Resolution Range Profile). RELAX(relaxation) algorithm, which is one of the spectral estimation techniques, were used to find scattering centers of a missile from HRRP. From the information on the distribution of one-dimensional(1-D) scattering centers on a target, we can discriminate the length of a missile.

• Journal of Advanced Navigation Technology
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.293-298
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• 2021

In general, the guided weapon seeker and the guided control device process the target, search, recognition, and capture information to indicate the state of the guided missile, and play a role in controlling the operation and control of the guided weapon. The signals required for guided weapons are gaze change rate, visual signal, and end-stage fuselage orientation signal. In order to process the complex and difficult-to-process missile signals of recent missiles in real time, it is necessary to increase the data processing speed of the missiles. This study showed the processing speed after applying the stop and go and inverse enumeration algorithm among the parallel algorithm methods of PINQ and comparing the processing speed of the signal data required for the guided missile in real time using the guided missile inspection program. Based on the derived data processing results, we propose an effective method for processing missile data when applying a parallel processing algorithm by comparing the processing speed of the multi-core processing method and the single-core processing method, and the CPU core utilization rate.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.557-565
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• 2016

It is very difficult to intercept the missiles because of the small radar cross-section and the high maneuverability. In addition, due to the decoy with the similar motion parameters, additional features other than those of the translation motion parameters need to be developed. In this paper, for the successful recognition of missiles, we propose an efficient method to extract micro-motion parameters and scatterers of the missile engaged in the micro motion. The proposed method extracts motion parameters and scatterers by using the matching score between the modeled micro-Doppler function and the time-frequency binary image as a cost function. Simulation results using a target composed of the point scatterer show the parameters and the scatterers were accurately extracted.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences
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• v.43 no.6
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• pp.507-515
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• 2015

This paper proposes a filtering method for effective state vector estimation of highly maneuvering target. It is needed to hit the point called 'sweet spot' to increase the kill probability in missile interception. In paper, a filtering method estimates the length of a moving target tracked by a frequency modulated continuous wave (FMCW) radar. High resolution range profiles (HRRPs) is generated from the radar echo signal and then it's integrated into proposed filtering method. To simulate the radar measurement which is close to real, the study on the properties of scattering point of the missile-like target has been conducted with ISAR image for different angle. Also, it is hard to track the target efficiently with existing Kalman filters which has fixed measurement noise covariance matrix R. Therefore the proposed method continuously updates the covariance matrix R with sensor measurements and tracks the target. Numerical simulations on the proposed method shows reliable results under reasonable assumptions on the missile interception scenario.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.20 no.9
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• pp.488-494
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• 2019

Precision Guided Missiles after production and militarization have various characteristics that enable the final performance to be identified by conducting live-fire tests after long-term storage. Likewise, the performance and reliability of ${\bigcirc}{\bigcirc}$ Missiles, which are currently used by the Korean Navy, are also verified consistently by conducting live-fire tests after militarization. Specially, the live fire test at '00 year, which was conducted by Korean Navy, showed the result that 'Ring', which is a component of the canister's front cover, was jammed with wings for propulsion and then broke away from the canister during the missile launch process. This situation led to an interruption of the deployment of wings and finally affected the missile's flight performance. The results of a survey of the canisters of those missiles whose live fire tests were conducted successfully, based on the live fire test at '00 year, showed the 'Ring's separation from canisters. This raises recognition for the need to solve the problems of 'Ring's separation and breakaway. This study suggests an improvement derived by the result of live-fire tests and introduces the effect of final launch performance of ${\bigcirc}{\bigcirc}$ Missiles and test result after applying the improvement.

• Journal of Trauma and Injury
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.93-100
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• 2019

Purpose: Penetrating vascular trauma though less common poses a challenge to all Surgeons. This study was designed to analyse the profile, management modalities of vascular trauma and the outcomes thereof at a Trauma Care Centre in a Tertiary care setting in hostile environment in India. Methods: A prospective review of all patients with arterial and venous injuries being transferred to the Trauma Center at out Tertiary Care Center between June 2015 and May 2018 was done. Demographics, admission data, treatment, and complications were reviewed. Results: There were a total of 46 patients with 65 vascular injuries, 39 arterial injuries and 26 venous injuries. The age range was 21 to 47 years. Nineteen patients had both arterial and venous injuries. A total of 42 cases presented within 12 hours of injury and complete arterial transections were found in 33 cases (80.49%). There were three mortalities (6.52%) and three amputations (8.33%). The overall limb salvage rate was 91.67% with popliteal artery being the commonest injured artery. Poor prognosticators for limb salvage were increasing time to present to the trauma centre, hypovolemic shock, multi-organ trauma and associated venous injuries. Conclusions: Penetrating missile trauma leading to vascular injuries has not been widely reported. Attempting limb salvage even in cases with delayed presentation should be weighed with the threat to life before revascularisation and should preferably be done at a centre with vascular expertise. A team approach with vascular, orthopaedic, general surgeons, and critical care anaesthesiologists all aboard improve the outcomes manifold. Use of tourniquets and early fasciotomies have been emphasized as is the use of native veins as the bypass conduit. This is probably the largest study on penetrating Vascular trauma in anti-terrorism ops from the Indian subcontinent. It highlights the significance of prompt recognition and availability of vascular expertise in optimally managing cases of vascular trauma.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.30 no.6
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• pp.487-497
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• 2019

It is very difficult to detect ballistic missiles because of small cross-sections of the radar and the high maneuverability of the missiles. In addition, it is very difficult to recognize and intercept warheads because of the existence of debris and decoy with similar motion parameters in each flight phase. Therefore, feature vectors based on the maneuver, the micro-motion according to flight phase are needed, and the two types of features must be fused for the efficient recognition of ballistic warhead regardless of the flight phase. In this paper, we introduce feature vectors appropriate for each flight phase and an effective method to fuse them at the feature vector-level and classifier-level. According to the classification simulations using the radar signals predicted by the CAD models, the closer the warhead was to the final destination, the more improved was the classification performance. This was achieved by the classifier-level fusion, regardless of the flight phase in a noisy environment.