• Journal of Pharmacopuncture
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.216-223
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• 2022

Objectives: Oxidative stress plays a key role in chronic and acute brain disorders and neuronal damage associated with Alzheimer disease (AD) and other neurodegeneration symptoms. The neuroprotective effects of berberine and Berberis vulgaris (barberry) root extract against apoptosis induced by hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) in the human SH-SY5Y cell line were studied. Methods: The methanolic extraction of barberry root was performed using a maceration procedure. Oxidative stress was induced in SH-SY5Y cells by H₂O₂, and an MTT assay was applied to evaluate the neuroprotective effects of berberine and barberry root extract. The cells were pretreated with the half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC₅₀) of each compound (including berberine, barberry root extract, and H₂O₂), and the anti-apoptotic effects of all components were investigated using RT-PCR. Results: The SH-SY5Y cell viability increased in both groups exposed to 75 and 150 ppm barberry extract compared with that in the H₂O₂-treated group. The data showed that exposing SH-SY5Y cells to 30 ppm berberine significantly increased the cell viability compared with the H₂O₂-treated group; treatment with 150 and 300 ppm berberine and H₂O₂ significantly decreased the SH-SY5Y cell viability and was associated with berberine cytotoxicity. The mRNA levels of Bax decreased significantly under treatment with berberine at 30 ppm compared with the control group. A significant increase in Bcl-2 expression was observed only after treatment with the IC₅₀ of berberine. The expression level of Bcl-2 in cells exposed to both berberine and barberry extracts was also significantly higher than that in cells exposed to H₂O₂. Conclusion: The outcomes of this study suggest that treatment of SH-SY5Y cells with barberry extract and berberine could suppress apoptosis by regulating the actions of Bcl-2 family members.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.30 no.6 s.112
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• pp.551-559
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to find out morbidity rate and pattern of disease and affect of variables related disease and medical management of seafares'. The subjects this study were 1049 seafares' were took education in Korea Institute of Maritime and Fisheries Technology. This questionnaire was focused on finding the basic data for prevention of disease and promotion health for the seafares'. The collected data were analyzed by using descriptive statistics, Chi-square, cross tab, linear regression by SPSS 10.1 package. The result of this study are as follow. 1)The morbidity rate within recent 12 months was 69.0%. 2)there were significant differences qf occurred disease in age(p<0.05), income(p<0.01), career of ship on board(p<0.01), rank(p<.01), perceived health status(p<0.01), worry of health(p<0.01), fatigue symptoms(0.01), satisfy of job(p<0.05), rest time(p<0.05) 3) Considering disease unable to work more than 4 hour, the number of those who had oral disease 7.3%> tinea 6.6%> gastric ulcer 6.4, and musculoskeletal disease group were 20.9%, which revealed the highest rate oral disease 13.6%> skin disease> 12.4%, digestive disease> 12.1%. 4) As refer to medical management, The pain above 31days 35.7%, hospitalization and treatment below 7days were each 50.2%, 42.8%, medical service were doctor's office 27.9, which revealed the highest rate.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.19-38
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• 2010

Following the emergence of a knowledge-based economy, the role of universities in regional development has been re-evaluated through considering localized interactive learning processes. This paper tries to identify the role of universities for regional development and the variables effecting on their localized engagement in regional development. We argues that universities cannot be viewed as a single angle, because the behaviors of a university are influenced by the degree of their independence from regional and national governments. Likewise, the contributions of universities to their regional development can be differential depending on the organizational characteristics of individual universities, the social, political, and economical contexts of a given region and nation, and complex relations between and within universities and other regional stakeholders. These variables can be both the drivers and barriers when each university responds to regional needs. Based on the literature review, we suggest that the explanatory factors of shaping the engagement of universities in regional development can be classified into four categories: the characteristics of individual universities, the national context, the local and regional context, and the policy context.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2006.06b
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• pp.19-27
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to find of morbidity rate and pattern of disease and affect of variables related disease and medical management of seafares' The subjects this study were 1049 seafares' who took education in Korea Institute of Maritime and Fisheries Technology. This questionnaire was focused on finding the basic data for prevention of disease and promotion health for the seafares' The collected data were analyzed by using descriptive statistics, Chi-square, cross tab, linear regression by SPSS 10.1 package. The result of this study are as follow. 1)The morbidity rate within recent 12 months was 69.0%. 2)there were significant differences of occurred disease in age(p<0.05), income(p<0.01), career of ship on board(p<0.01), rank(p<0.01), perceived health status(p<0.01), worry of health(p<0.01), fatigue symptoms(0.01), satisfy of job(p<0.05), rest time(p<0.05) 3) Considering disease unable to work more than 4 hour, the number of those who had oral disease 7.3%> tinea 6.6%> gastric ulcer 6.4, and musculoskeletal disease group were 20.9%, which revealed the highest rate oral disease 13.6%> skin disease> 12.4%, digestive disease> 12.1%. 4) As refer to medical management, The pain above 31days 35.7%, hospitalization and treatment below 7days were each 50.2%, 42.8%, medical service were doctor's office 27.9, which revealed the highest rate.

• Journal of Family Relations
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.47-72
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• 2016

According to the survey by the Ministry of Unification, 28,133 live in South Korea as of september 2015 and the number has been steadily increased. It is interesting to note that the majority of defectors were women. Statistics say that the total of women defectors was 1,138 in 2002 and consisted of 55.5%. But the number increased to 2,706 in 2011 and consisted of 70.5%(Wikipedia, 2015). Most of them have trauma, because they experienced terrible events like prostitution, sexual abuse, domestic violence, etc. while they were living in South Korea. They had to get over a lot of challenges they never expected. They had to do whatever they need to do for their survival in South Korea as well as in North Korea. Objectives: This study focuses on identifying the psychosocial resources available for them in order to help them out living here. Method: For this purpose, this study conducted unstructured in-depth interviews with four women defectors from North Korea. Their age bracket is between the ages of 50 and 58 and they have stayed over five years in South Korea. They were recommended by social welfare workers, who had dealt with them over 20 years. For the reliability of this study, the three methods were performed such as three-month close relationship, three-person triangular verification, and diversification of resources-the field notes and observation notes. Results: As a result of this study, the resources may be labeled into three main clusters of themes such as 1) Self-Preservation - 'Self-Love', 'Family-Attachment', 'Share the Goods', 'Live in Harmony', 'Avoidance of conflict'; 2) Self-Conquest - 'Endurance', 'Earnestness and Effort', 'My own Activities', 'Chat', 'Put Down', 'Appreciation and Optimism'; 3) Self-Presence Awareness - 'I was a Precious Daughter', 'I am Mother'. Also there are thirteen sub categories to be considered. Conclusions: This study focuses on identifying how women defectors have used or can use the psychosocial resources available for them, rather than what they have struggled with. It is meaningful to identify in a positive light that this study provides how they have adjusted to a totally different context for their survival and what psychosocial resources they have used. This study can give an idea about how they may receive proper and practical help from the government programs in order to become better used to new living circumstances in South Korea. As well, this study can provide meaningful criteria and guidance with family life educators for women defectors and social workers working in counseling and social welfare areas. This study contributes to better understanding about how they are using these psychosocial resources.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.13 no.8
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• pp.1623-1636
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• 2009

A currently domestic governmental R&D business is early to 100. And this is each managed individually in 15 professional organizations of research and management by characteristics of a business. For this Reason, A redundant investment issue regarding national R&D occurs, and an issue regarding efficiency of R&D investment by insufficiency of systematic R&D research project and result management is continuously raised. Ministry of Education Science and Technology establishing National Science & Technology Information Service(NTIS) in order to solve these issues. NTIS is the national R&D Portal System which can support efficiency of research and development to result utilization in planning of national research and development. As data of the same meaning are named particularly in each organizations, and that made to different data types, It is an issue to be difficult to achieve high level qualify, accuracy of integrated data in case of integration of distributed data like NTIS In this paper We consider integrated DB constructions and Information Linking of R&D Participants/Projects/Results information in a NTIS system for data qualify Improvement, and then We analyze the cause of the data quality problem, and we propose the improvement plan for data quality elevation of NTIS system.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.105-116
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• 1981

A quantitative restriction of maternal diet without changes in quality of diet was given to the Sprague Dawley rats during the third week of gestation and lactation. Half the normal average daily intake of control group was given to deficient groups in this period. Female rats of control group were fed a commercial diet ad libitum throughout the experimental period. Dietary restriction started from birth to weaning in deficient I group and from the 15th day of gestation to weaning in deficient II group. Body and brain weight of offsprings of deficient groups were significantly lower than control group, but the ratios of brain weight to body weight in deficient groups were higher than the control group. Significant difference between deficient groups (I and II) was noticed at weaning. Brain DNA, RNA and total protein of offsprings of deficient groups were significantly lower than control group, but RNA/DNA, brain weight/DNA, and total protein/DNA show that cell number were more affected than the cell size by the maternal dietary restriction during the third week of gestation and lactation. Between the deficient groups, there was a significant difference in brain DNA and RNA, but no significant difference in total brain protein. (This research was supported in part by grant from the Ministry of Education.)

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.50 no.4
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• pp.376-382
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• 2017

Purpose: The consistent rise in the number of foreign students in Korea demands an accurate and detailed investigation into their dietary practices and nutritional status. For these international students, assimilation into new cultures can be stressful. The influence this process may have on dietary behaviors as well as overall health cannot be overlooked. Methods: The researchers in this study sought to investigate the nutritional status and dietary practices of Ghanaian students studying in Korea. A total of 81 Ghanaian male students with an average age of $29.4{\pm}4.0years$ were sampled between May and June 2016. Investigations were carried out on the general characteristics of the participants, their daily food and nutrient intakes using a 24-h dietary recall method, meal skipping practices, and the nutritional quality of their diets based on their meal skipping habits. Results: The study revealed that the daily nutrient intake of subjects did not fully meet the daily recommended nutrient intake (RNI) established by Ghanaian Ministry of Health and the World Health Organization (WHO) and Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), particularly for energy, calcium, iron, zinc, and vitamin B2 requirements. The Nutrient Adequacy Ratio (NAR) for calcium was very low, posing a deficiency risk to the participants. Meal skipping practices among participants changed significantly after arriving in Korea. The study also compared the diet quality indicators (Nutrient Adequacy Ratio and Mean Adequacy Ratio) of those who skipped meals ${\geq}7times/week$ with those who skipped meals < 7 times/week. Participants who skipped meals ${\geq}7times/week$ were shown to have lower dietary intakes of vitamins B1 and B2 than those who skipped meals < 7 times/week. Conclusion: Ultimately, the study found that meal skipping among Ghanaian students was common, and their daily nutrient intakes did not meet the set dietary standards. Those who skipped meals ${\geq}7times/week$ had lower dietary intakes of vitamins B1 and B2 than those who skipped meals < 7 times/week. Based on our study findings, we recommend that nutrition education should be organized for the Ghanaian student community in Korea using our results as a template to draw up a nutrition program that is culturally appropriate.

• Journal of radiological science and technology
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.149-154
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• 2010

Exposed doses to the patient's caregiver and their house due to the 131I from patients discharged from the hospital were measured using OSL dosimeters. Usually, 3.37-5.55 GBq (100-150 mCi) of $^{131}I$ administrated patients are discharged from the hospital after 3 or 4 days of hospitalization in Korea. In addition, after 5 to 8 days, the accumulated doses of the patient's caregiver and house after hospitalization of the patient were measured using OSL dosimeters. The results of the measured average accumulated doses were 0.1 mSv, which is 10% of 1 mSv, the public dose limit in the Korean Atomic Energy Law. And it's standard deviation was 0.087 mSv. Based on the results of this study, we anticipate that we could assure the compliance of the regulation requirement 5 mSv of MEST (Ministry of Education, Science and Technology) Notice No. 2008-45 for the patient's caregiver or family, even if we reduce the 3-4 days of hospitalization to 1-2 days or less.

• Journal of Legislation Research
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• no.44
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• pp.103-153
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• 2013

This article aims at the legislation of User-Protection Act in area of ICT. In these days telecommunication and broadcasting are getting more and more convergent. The paradigm of ICT is turning over from the service provider to the end-user. User protection has been in each erea of ICT (C-P-N-D) individually regulated. In the area of telecommunication it is important to protect the interest of user, who stands in contract with the service provider. And in area of broadcasting it is important to protect the interest of viewers, who stands "gratis" with the broadcasters without any contracts. For the more efficient user-protection it is also necessary to make a dedicated organization under KCC(Korean Communications Committee). In this early year the government organization was divided into MSIP(Ministry of Science, ICT and future planing) and KCC. The user-protection act will be very important instrument of ICT regulation in the era of creative economy. It is necessary to establish a new frame act of user protection. It is also necessary to make start to establish a new system of user education in erea of ICT. It is strongly expected the new act will be a turning point of ICT development in Korea.