• 정보저장시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 정보저장시스템학회 2005년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.124-127
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• 2005

Rewritable optical memory devices such as an CD-RW and DVD+RW are data storage media, which take advantage of the different optical properties in the amorphous and crystalline states of phase change materials. The switching property, structural transformation, transformation kinetics and chemical bindings of $Ge_xSb_{100-x}$($6{\le}x{\le}$34) were studied to investigate the feasibility of applying $Ge_xSb_{100-x}$ alloys in optical memory. The $Ge_xSb_{100-x}$ thin film was deposited by RF magnetron co-sputtering system and phase change characteristics were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), static tester, inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometer (ICP-AES) and atomic force microscopy (AEM). Optimum fiim composition of $Ge_xSb_{100-x}$ was studied and its minimum time fur laser induced crystallization and optical contrast fur phase transition was performed. These results might be correlated with the binding energies between Ge and Sb, and indicate that $Ge_xSb_{100-x}$ have an potential far optical memory applications.

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.61-64
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• 2008

Electrical optical switching and structural transformation of $Ge_{15}Sb_{85}$, $Sb_{65}Se_{35}$ and N2.0 sccm doped $Sb_{83}Si_{17}$ were studied to investigate the phase change characteristics for PRAM application. Sb-based materials were deposited by a RF magnetron co-sputtering system and the phase change characteristics were analyzed using an X-ray diffractometer (XRD), a static tester and a four-point probe. Doping Ge, Se or Si atoms reinforced the amorphous stability of the Sb-based materials, which affected the switching characteristics. The crystallization temperature of the Sb-based materials increased as the concentration of the Ge, Se or Si increased. The minimum time of $Ge_{15}Sb_{85}$, $Sb_{65}Se_{35}$ and N2.0 sccm doped $Sb_{83}Si_{17}$ for crystallization was 120, 50 and 90 ns at 12 mW, respectively. $Sb_{65}Se_{35}$ was crystallized at $170^{\circ}C$. In addition, the difference in the sheet resistances between amorphous and crystalline states was higher than $10^4{\Omega}/{\gamma}$.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제16권12호
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• pp.78-86
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• 1999

The improvement of the water level control is important since it will prevent the steam generator trip so that improve the reliability and credibility of operation system. In this paper, the closed loop system identification is performed which can be used for the system monitoring and prediction of the system response. The model also can be used for the prediction control. Irving model is used as a steam generator model. The plant is an open loop unstable and non-minimum phase system. Fuzzy controller stabilize the system and the stable controller stabilize the system and the stable closed loop system is identified using neural networks. The obtained neural network model is validated using the untrained input and output. The results of computer simulation show the obtained Neural Network model represents the closed loop system well.

• 한국전자파학회논문지
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• 제21권10호
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• pp.1161-1168
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• 2010

FHSS(Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum) 방식은 군 통신 시스템에서 재밍(Jamming)에 의한 간섭을 줄이기 위해 사용된다. 하지만 사용되는 변조 방식의 종류, 재밍 신호의 특성에 따른 위성 통신 시스템의 BER 성능이 무선 채널 상태에 따라 어떤 성능 차이를 보이는지 분석되지 않았다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 PBNJ(Partial-Band Noise Jamming)와 WPBJ(Worst case Partial-Band noise Jamming)의 두 가지 재밍 환경에서 NC-MFSK(Non-Coherent M-ary Frequeency-Shift Keying), SDPSK(Symmetric Differential Phase-Shift Keying), GMSK (Gaussian filtered Minimum-Shift Keying)의 세 가지 변조 방식에 따른 위성 통신 시스템의 BER 성능 변화를 분석한다. 또한, 분석된 결과를 이용하여 전송 환경에 따른 최적의 전송 방식을 제안하도록 한다.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• 제58권2호
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• pp.184-189
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• 2020

Van de Vusse 반응기는 정상상태 입출력 관계에서 최대값을 그리고 이 최대값을 기준으로 동특성의 형태가 크게 바뀌는 특성을 보인다. 운전영역에 따라 정상상태 이득의 부호가 바뀌고, non-minimum phase 동특성 등의 제어를 매우 어렵게 하는 특성들이 나타난다. 매우 많은 비선형제어 방법들과 새로이 고안되고 있는 방법들이 이 Van de Vusse 반응기 공정에 적용되어 그 성능 검증이 이루어지고 있다. 이 반응기의 실제 예가 보고되어 있으나, 화학반응 특성상 제어기 실험에 일상적으로 사용되기에는 어려움이 많아 대부분 모사연구에 그치고 있다. 여기서는 이 Van de Vusse 반응기의 특성을 모두 구현하는 액위시스템을 제작하고, 새로이 고안되는 비선형 제어기의 성능을 밝히는 기준이 될 수 있는 간단한 두 제어 방법의 실험 결과를 제안하고자 한다. 액위시스템 실험장치와 제안된 제어 방법들은 매우 간단하며, 비선형 제어기의 성능과 현장 적용 가능성을 검증하는데 유용하게 사용될 수 있을 것이다.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제18권7호
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• pp.2047-2066
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• 2024

In order to improve the coverage and achieve massive spectrum access, non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) technology is applied in millimeter wave massive multiple-input multiple-output (mMIMO) communication network. However, the power assumption of active sensors greatly limits its wide applications. Recently, Intelligent Reconfigurable Surface (IRS) technology has received wide attention due to its ability to reduce power consumption and achieve passive transmission. In this paper, spectral efficiency maximum problem in the millimeter wave mMIMO-NOMA system with IRS is considered. The sparse RF chain antenna structure is designed at the base station based on continuous phase modulation. Furthermore, a joint optimization problem for power allocation, power splitting, analog precoding and IRS reconfigurable matrices are constructed, which aim to achieve the maximum spectral efficiency of the system under the constraints of user's quality of service, minimum energy harvesting and total transmit power. A three-stage iterative algorithm is proposed to solve the above mentioned non-convex optimization problems. We obtain the local optimal solution by fixing some optimization parameters firstly, then introduce the relaxation variables to realize the global optimal solution. Simulation results show that the spectral efficiency of the proposed scheme is superior compared to the conventional system with phase shifter modulation. It is also demonstrated that IRS can effectively assist mmWave communication and improve the system spectral efficiency.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 2011년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.634-643
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• 2011

The neutral section was installed in order to prevent conflict with different phase angle source in electric railway catenary system. The speed of electric train reduced due to coasting operation by notch off when it passed the neutral section. And, the catenary wire was damaged and the accident might be happened because of the arc generation when the electric train passed the neutral section with notch off condition. The inrush current of main transformer installed tiling train is analyzed during the operation of MCB(main circuit break) passing through the neutral section. The instantaneous waveform of load current were analyzed in case of powering and regenerative braking. Inrush current waveform with run of AC railway train showed that inrush current waveform and harmonics, the inrush current generated from main transformer in train has bad effects on power quality problem. In order to reduce these inrush currents, the MCB is connected when the phase angle of voltage is 90 degree. This paper is to measure inrush current and harmonics in main transformer of high speed train in neutral section of electric railway. This measurement report is used to control minimum inrush current in algorithm and power phase angle.

• 제어로봇시스템학회논문지
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• 제13권10호
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• pp.990-999
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• 2007

We deal with second order NMP(Non-Minimum Phase) systems which are difficult to control with conventional methods because of their inherent characteristics of undershoot. In such systems, reducing the undesirable undershoot phenomenon makes the response time of the systems much longer. Moreover, it is impossible to control the magnitude of undershoot in a direct way and to predict the response time. In this paper, we propose a novel two sliding mode control scheme which is capable of determining the magnitude of undershoot and thus the response time of NMP systems a priori. To do this, we introduce two sliding lines which are in charge of control in turn. One is used to stabilize the system and achieve asymptotic regulation eventually like the conventional sliding mode methods and the other to stably control the magnitude of undershoot from the beginning of control until the state meets the first sliding line. This control scheme will be proved to have an asymptotic regulation property. The computer simulation shows that the proposed control scheme is very effective and suitable for controlling the second order NMP system because it can decide the magnitude of undershoot in a direct and stable way and reduce the response time compared with the conventional ones.

• 한국태양에너지학회 논문집
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.37-44
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• 2007

As photovoltaic(PV) power generation system becomes more common, it will be necessary to investigate islanding detection method for PV systems. Islanding of PV systems can cause a variety of problems and must be prevented. However, if the real and reactive power of the load and PV system are closely matched, islanding detection by Passive methods becomes difficult. Also, most active methods lose effectiveness when there are several PV systems feeding the same island. The active frequency drift positive feedback method(AFDPF) enables islanding detection by forcing the frequency of the voltage in the island to drift up or down. In this paper the research for the minimum value of chopping fraction gain applied digital phase-locked-loop (DPLL) to AFDPF considering output power quality and islanding prevention performance are performed by simulation and experiment according to IEEE Std 929-2000 islanding test.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2008년도 학술대회 논문집 정보 및 제어부문
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• pp.109-110
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• 2008

본 논문은 MIMO(Multiple Input Multiple Output)- OFDM(Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) 시스템에서 V-BLAST (Vertical-Ball Laboratories Layered Space Time) 수신기에 대하여 성능을 비교하고 평가한다. 신호는 각각 송신 안테나에서 독립적으로 전송되며 QPSK(Quadrature Phase Shift Keying) 방식을 이용하여 변조 되고, 송 수신단에 각각 2개의 안테나와 각각 4개의 안테나를 사용한다. V-BLAST 수신기로 ZF(zero-Forcing), MMSE(Minimum Mean Squared Error), ZF-OSIC(Zero Forcing - Ordered Successive Interference Cancellation), MMSE-OSIC(Minimum Mean Squared Error - Ordered Successive Interference Cancellation)를 사용한다. 모의실험 결과에서 MMSE 방식이 ZF 방식 보다 좋은 BER(Bit Error Rate)을 보이고, ZF-OSIC 방식은 ZF 방식과 MMSE 방식 보다 더 좋은 BER을 가지는 것을 확인 할 수 있으며, MMSE-OSIC 방식은 사용된 방식 중 가장 좋은 성능을 보인다.