• The Korean Journal of Ecology
• /
• 제25권2호
• /
• pp.101-107
• /
• 2002

건조 및 염 환경에 우점종으로 분포하고 있는 명아주과 식물의 염 및 무기 영양 농도에 다른 생리적 적응특성을 비교하기 위해 염습지에 널리 분포하는 칠면초(Suaeda japonica), 퉁퉁마디(Salicornia herbacea) 및 채소로 재배되는 근대(Beta vulgaris var. 챠침)를 재료로 하여 염 농도 (0, 50, 100, 200, 400 mM NaCl) 및 무기 영양염 농도(Hoagland 용액의 1/1, 1/5, 1/10배액)를 달리하여 식물의 엽생장과 질소, 무기 이온, 전기 전도도 및 삼투조절물질의 변화를 정량적으로 분석하였다. 3종 명아주과 식물은 무기영양 및 염의 농도변화에 대해 식물체에 상당량의 염을 축적하였으며, 높은 내염성 기구를 통해 400 mM NaCl 처리에서도 현저히 생장을 촉진하는 호염성의 퉁퉁마디와 200 mM NaCl 처리까지 약간의 생장 촉진을 보이는 근대 및 높은 내염성을 가지면서 50 mM NaCl 이상 처리구에서 약간의 생장 저해를 보이는 칠면초의 세가지 염내성의 종 특성을 보였다. 무기이온의 동태에 있어서 3종 식물은 무기 영양 및 염 농도와 무관하게 체내에 소량의 수용성 Ca을 함유하였고(<10μM/g plant water), K이온은 염 농도가 증가함에 다라 다소 감소하였으며, Na+과 Cl-은 배지의 무기 영양과는 무관하게 염 농도가 증가함에 따라 현저히 증가하였다. 총 질소 함량은 무기 영양 및 염의 농도가 증가함에 따라 감소하는 경향을 보였으며, 전기 전도도와 삼투몰농도는 무기영양보다 염의 농도가 증가함에 따라 증가하는 양상을 보였다. Glycinebetaine과 proline의 함량은 각각 0.2∼2.5 μM/g plant water와 0.1 ∼ 0.6 ㎛M/g plant water였고, 50mM NaCl 처리구에서 최대치를 보였다.

• 한국농촌생활과학회지
• /
• 제10권2호
• /
• pp.60-70
• /
• 1999

Changes in the nutritional components of Toha-jeot, salt-fermented Toha shrimp (Caridina denticulata denticulata $D_EH_{AAN}$), which was salted with a low-salt group of 15% sodium chloride (L), a high-salt group of 23% sodium chloride (H), a 50% conventional soybean sauce group (S) during long fermentation were investigated. These three groups were refrigerated at ${4\pm}1^{\circ}C$ and then taken out for analysis at three month intervals during 9 month. Even in the process of a long fermentation, the moisture containment of Toha-jeot in group L and S is 76.0~73.6% and in group H it is 70.0%, which are similar in all three groups. In case of the salinity, there was no change in groups L, H but it was lowered in group S during the fermentation. In all groups there was no change of pH. The free amino acid contents in Toha-jeot, of which ornitine, glutamic acid, leucine, alanine, lysine and valine occupy the majority, in order of abundance, increased gradually up to six months of fermentation and decreased by nine months. But free amino acid contents of S group increased continuously during the fermentation process. Hypoxanthine was altered almost among other nucleotides. ATP was not detected, IMP and inosine had disappeared after the six months for mentation. ADP was not detected after the nine months fermentation. Monoene, polyene and n-3 fatty acids were increased and saturated fatty acids were decreased in L and H groups. However, no changes of fatty acid contents in S group during fermentation were showed. The fatty acid contents of three groups, of which $C_{18:1},\;C_{16:0},\;C_{16:1}$ and $C_{20:5}$ occupy the majority, Mineral content of Toha-jeot is mainly consisted of Na, Ca, K and Mg. In the Hunter values, the redness of L group was superior to that of other groups.

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국콘크리트학회 2000년도 가을 학술발표회논문집(I)
• /
• pp.447-450
• /
• 2000

Recently, antiwashout underwater concrete has used for underwater structure such as high strength massive concrete structures. When, concrete is placed in seawater the quality and durability of concrete could be doubt to especcially because the amount of cement placed in the concrete can be diminished by flowing seawater. In this study, antiwashout underwater concrete mixed with mineral admixtures for improvement of properties was placed in air, water, and salt water. Half-cell potential and current density was of specimens which made under different conditions measured for estimating corrosion degree. The experimental results demostrate that corrosion resistantce in saltwater was little and mineral admixtures improved properties of concrete.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
• /
• 제18권3호
• /
• pp.301-308
• /
• 2007

Silicate mineral serpentine with magnesium and calcium was selected as a mineral carbonation mediators for carbon dioxide storage. Serpentine has various metallic elements as an oxides form of magnesium, iron, calcium, aluminium etc. Magnesium and calcium could be carbonation salt preferentially than other metal component within serpentine. Systemic thermochemical treatment for serpentine could change physicochemical properties like a surface area and pore dimensions. Due to the rapid chemical reaction rate depended on dimensional values, carbonation formation could determined by surface property change of thermochemical treated serpentine.

• 한국환경과학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국환경과학회 2003년도 International Symposium on Clean Environment
• /
• pp.135-138
• /
• 2003

Based on solid phase extraction, gas chromatography and mass spectrometry procedure for determining phenol and its derivatives in natural water was presented. In solid phase extraction, three types of techniques using solid phase adsorption material were treated with acid and salt, and converted second portion of acetyl derivatives. Under the these condition, extraction efficiency and detection ability dependent on extraction methods were discussed. Obtained results using optimized solid phase extraction techniques showed more convenience, simplifier and lower cost than the conventional analytical methods with holding wide dynamic range and lower detection limits.

• 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국건축시공학회 2016년도 추계 학술논문 발표대회
• /
• pp.148-149
• /
• 2016

In this paper, the increase in chloride resistance of footing concrete at coastal area was evaluated by replacement of Mineral Admixture. In KBC 2009, the footing concrete's minimum specific concrete strength at coastal area is determined to 35MPa. However, this is criteria only based on the strength aspect. Thus, it is not considered to increase the chloride resistance by replacement of Mineral Admixture. According to the test results of chloride ions penetration resistance, 35MPa class concrete with OPC 100% shown inaccessible state. Low-strength (24~30MPa class) concretes with Mineral Admixture, however, presented better performances. In addition, chloride diffusion coefficient tests showed identical appearance. Therefore, the current KBC's chloride resistance criteria based on only concrete strength has to review for the reason it can cause many problems (ex. cost increases by growing concrete strength and the environmental issues by a lot of cement use).

• Mycobiology
• /
• 제39권2호
• /
• pp.85-91
• /
• 2011

We investigated the effect of nutritional and environmental factors on Ophiocordyceps longissima mycelial growth. The longest colony diameter was observed on Schizophyllum (mushroom) genetics complete medium plus yeast extract, Schizophyllum (mushroom) genetics minimal medium, and Sabouraud dextrose agar (SDA); however, malt-extract yeast-extract agar, SDA plus yeast extract, yeast-extract malt-extract peptone dextrose agar, SDA, oatmeal agar, and potato dextrose agar showed higher mycelia density. A temperature of $25^{\circ}C$ was optimum and 7.0 was the optimum pH for mycelial growth. Colony diameter was similar under light and dark conditions. Maltose and yeast extract showed the highest mycelial growth among carbon and nitrogen sources respectively. The effect of mineral salts was less obvious; however, $K_3PO_4$ showed slightly better growth than that of the other mineral salts tested. Among all nutrition sources tested, complex organic nitrogen sources such as yeast extract, peptone, and tryptone were best for mycelial growth of O. longissima. Ophiocordyceps longissima composite medium, formulated by adding maltose (2% w/v), yeast extract (1% w/v), and $K_3PO_4$ (0.05% w/v) resulted in slightly longer colony diameter. In vitro mycelial O. longissima growth was sustainable and the production of fruiting bodies could be used for commercial purposes in the future.

• 대한영양사협회학술지
• /
• 제11권1호
• /
• pp.86-94
• /
• 2005

This study was conducted to examine bone mineral density and factors which effect on bone mineral density such as daily nutrients intake, age, menarch age and physical condition among healthy female college students in Daegu area from April 20, to May 20, 2004. 1. Average age was 20.5$\pm$0.96 years old, average height was 160.9$\pm$4.30㎝, and average weight was 55.9$\pm$7.67㎏. Body mass index was 21.6$\pm$2.91㎏/㎡, body fat was 25.6$\pm$5.79％, menarche age was average 12.5$\pm$1.1 years old and WHR(waist/hip circumference ratio) was 0.8$\pm$0.01㎝/㎝. 2. Average level of bone mineral density(T-score -0.56$\pm$0.91) was in normal range. But, 11 persons(24.4％) are over T-score -1.0, 33 persons(73.4％) were within -1.0 - -2.5 and one person(2.2％) was under -2.5. It is very anxious level for Osteopenia-low bone mass, as research result shows 73.4% of the subject of examine on the level of Osteopenia. 3. Daily calorie intake was 2,550㎉ and each nutrient intake, compared to the seventh recommended dietary allowances for korean, was as follows ; Calorie 112％, protein 123％, calcium 78％, phosphorus 137％, iron 68％, vitamin A 101％, vitamin $B_1$ 141％, vitamin $B_2$ 95％, niacin 107％, vitamin C 128％ and zinc 120％. The ratio of calcium to phosphorus(Ca/P) is 0.66, low compared to RDA, but phosphorus intake is so high compared to RDA that precautions should be taken. The ratio of calcium to protein(Ca/Protein) is 8.55. 4. Menarche age and bone mineral density of calcaneus showed positive correlation and body mass index(BMI) indicated positive correlation. Age, height, weight. WHR and physical activity coefficient all do not indicate any significant correlation with bone mineral density. 5. Intake of Calorie, Ca, Ca/p ratio, carbohydrate and fat intake were positively correlated and, protein was negatively correlated, and Fe, Na, P and cholesterol were negatively correlated with BMD. These results indicate that average bone mineral density of subjects was in normal range, but subjects in the stage of osteopenia-low bone mass are many and bad effects are expected to have on their bone mineral density after menopause. Therefore, in order reach maximal bone mineral density, they should improve the balance between calcium and phosphorus and reduce salt intake. And it is thought that education and profound studies on relevant factors affecting the genesis of bone mineral density should be made.

• 한국해양환경ㆍ에너지학회지
• /
• 제16권4호
• /
• pp.227-238
• /
• 2013

본 연구의 목적은 해수담수화 과정 중 황산이온과 염소이온은 제거하고 유용미네랄인 마그네슘, 칼슘은 잔존 시키는 미네랄 수질 조정 기술로 먹는물 수질기준에 맞는 고경수 제조 공정 개발에 있다. 역삼투막(RO)에 통과시켜 농축수(Concentrated deep seawater)와 탈염수(desalted deep seawater)를 제조하고, 나노여과막(NF)를 사용하여 염화나트륨이 제거되지 않은 1차 미네랄 농축수(Mineral enriched deep seawater)를 제조하여, 전기투석 이온교환막(ED)을 가동하여 염화나트륨을 제거한 탈염 미네랄농축수(Mineral enriched desalted water)를 제조하여 이를 RO 탈염수와 희석하여 고경도 먹는해양심층수를 제조하였다. 역삼투막은 해수(해양심층수) 원수에서 용존물질과 담수를 분리할 수 있으며, 2차에 걸쳐 역삼투막을 사용하면, 용존성분 중 99.9% 이상 제거되고, 경도 1이하, 염소이온의 농도 2.3 mg/L인 용존물질이 완전히 제거된 탈염수(순수)를 제조할 수 있었다. 나노여과막 (NF 막)의 간극은 $10^{-9}$ m으로 마그네슘과 칼슘은 50%정도 통과시키며, 염소이온과 나트륨 같은 일가이온은 95%이상 통과한다. 나노여과막은 마그네슘과 칼슘과 같은 경도 성분과 나트륨과 염소이온과 같은 염분성분을 분리 농축할 수 있지만, 완벽하게 분리하지는 못한다. 전기투석막(ED)은 전기전도도에 따라 경도성분의 이가이온과 염분성분인 일가이온이 분리된다. 전기전도도 20 mS/cm 이상에서 경도성분(마그네슘이온, 칼슘 이온 등)은 제거되지 않는 반면, 염분성분 (나트륨이온, 염소이온 등)은 지속적으로 제거되었다. 따라서, 나노여과막을 이용하여 마그네슘과 칼슘과 같은 경도 성분을 농축하고, 전기투석막을 이용하여 경도농축수에서 염분성분을 분리하여 경도농도 12,600 mg/L, 염소이온 농도 2,446 mg/L의 염분성분이 배제된 고경도 농축수를 제조할 수 있었다. 이러한 고경도수를 역삼투막을 이용하여 용존물질이 모두 제거된 2차 RO 생산수로 10배 희석하면 염소이온 농도 244 mg/L 로 먹는물 수질기준에 적합하면서 경도농도 1,260 mg/L 인 고경도 수 제조도 가능하였다. RO/NF/ED 또는 NF/ED 연계공정은 해수의 증발 없이 역삼투막, 나노여과막과 전기투석막만을 이용하여 염소이온과 나트륨, 칼륨, 황산이온과 같은 염분성분을 제거하면서 마그네슘과 칼슘과 같은 경도성분은 농축할 수 있어서 먹는물 수질기준에 적합한 고경도수 제조가 가능하였으며, 이 과정 중 소모되는 에너지를 줄일 수 있었다.

• 한국환경과학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국환경과학회 2002년도 봄 학술발표대회 발표논문집
• /
• pp.452-454
• /
• 2002

A biosurfactant-producing microorganism, .Pseudomouos sp. EL-G527 was isolated from activated sludge by enrichment culture when grown on mineral salt medium containing n-hexadecane as a carbon source. The biosurfactant from .Pseudomonar sp. EL-G527 exhibited lesser toxicity to bacterial population than synthetic surfactants and in the biodegradation test, biosurfactant was rapidly degraded and lost its activity as surface active material after 1 day incubation. In this study, the biosurfactant from Pseudomonas sp. EL-G527 was effective surface-active compound, more biodegradable and less toxic to microbial ecosystem than various synthetic surfactants.