• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.45 no.4
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• pp.543-550
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• 2003

Two experiments were conducted to determine the effects of deletion of vitamin and trace mineral premixes on growth, feed efficiency, backfat thickness, hemoglobin content, muscle vitamin E content, and fecal, serum and muscle trace mineral contents in finishing pigs raised under two different housing conditions. In Exp. 1, three pens (or experimental units) of five pigs each (average weight $\pm$ s.e., 70 $\pm$ 0.5 kg) were assigned to a control diet (with vitamin and trace mineral premixes) or diets with 50 or 100% of the premixes deleted. Pigs were fed to market weight under sub-optimal housing conditions with sawdust-covered concrete floor and no electrical ventilation. In Exp. 2, three pens of four pigs each (average weight $\pm$ s.e., 56 $\pm$ 1.1 kg) were assigned to a control (with vitamin and trace mineral premixes), Diet-P (100% of the premixes deleted) or Diet-P+E (Diet-P plus 100 mg $\alpha$-tocopherol acetate/kg diet fed for the last 2 wk before slaughter). Pigs were fed to market weight under optimal housing conditions with 70%-slatted concrete floor, electrical ventilation and temperature control. No significant differences were found in average daily gain (ADG), average daily feed intake (ADFI), and gain/feed among treatments in both experiments, but in Exp. 2 done with younger pigs, ADG and ADFI tended to be higher in the control group than in pigs fed diet without premixes. Hemoglobin content, hematocrit and red blood cell count were not influenced by the deletion of premixes. Backfat thickness was not different among treatments. Fecal Mn (twofold) and Zn (threefold) contents were higher in the control than in pigs fed diets without the premixes. Serum trace mineral contents were not influenced by diets. $\alpha$-Tocopherol content in gluteus maxima was decreased (P< 0.01) by deleting the dietary premixes, but increased to the level higher than the control by adding 100 mg $\alpha$-tocopheryl acetate/kg diet fed for the last 2 wk before slaughter. Results indicate that: 1) supplementary vitamins and trace minerals may not be necessary for optimum growth in finishing pigs, and 2) deletion of the dietary premixes reduces muscle vitamin E content, but the reduced content can be reversed by adding $\alpha$- tocopherol to diets fed for the last 2 wk before slaughter. The deletion may help to alleviate the environmental load of certain minerals from manure.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.294-298
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• 1998

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of growth characteristics and mineral contents of ginseng seedling grown in different locations on ginseng growth and root yield. Ginseng seedling produced in 16 farmers' field at the semi-Yangjik seedbed were planted and cultivated in a field with same cultural practices. Missing plant was increased with increased year of ginseng age, especially severe at 5-year-old ginseng. Rate of missing plant was different among the origins of the seedling, even with the same weights. Negative correlation was noted between the missing rate of 3-year-old ginseng plants and NH4-N content of the seedling, but positive correlation between the missing rate and K2O and Ca contents of the seedling. Root yield of 6-year-old ginseng was also affected by the origins of ginseng seedlings. Root yield was high in ginseng plant from 0.6∼0.9 g see dings compared to those from over 0.9 g seedlings.

• Proceedings of the Korean Ceranic Society Conference
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• 2007.07a
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• pp.129-137
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• 2007

This paper presents a numerical model which can predict degree of hydration of cement mineral component, such as $C_{3}S$, $C_{2}S$, $C_{3}A$, $C_{4}AF$ and microstructure of hydrating cement as a function of water to cement ratio, cement particle size distribution, cement mineral components and temperature. In this model cement particles are parked randomly in cell space and hydration process is described using a multi-component integrated kinetic model. The simulation result of degree of hydration of cement mineral component agrees well with experiment result. The content of cement hydration product, such as CSH and CH can be obtained as an accompanied result during hydration process. By introducing of equal-area projection method, water withdrawl mechanism and contact area among cement particles can be considered in detail. By using proposed method, pore size distribution of hydrating cement is predicted.

• Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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• 1994.10a
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• pp.161-166
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• 1994

Production of high strength concrete requires a low water-cement ratio and this leads to the high cement content. Mineral admixture like fly ash(FA) is often cheaper than ordinary portland cement(OPC) and this factor in combination with possible improvement in workability and moderation of the heat evolution of the cement-rich mixes tends to encourage its use. The other mineral admixture that its use has been widly advocated is silica fume that increases compressive strength due to its pozzolanic reaction. The objective of this study is to assess the contribution of mineral admixtures(FA, SF) to the workability and the strength of concrete with low water-binder ratios. In this experimental study that investigates and analyzes the properties of fresh concrete, it is presented that using admixtures like flysh and silica fume as binding material increases properties of high strength flowing concrete having very low water cementitious ratios of 0.25 and 0.30.

• Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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• 1995.04a
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• pp.84-87
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• 1995

Production of high strength concrete requires a low water-cement ratio and this leads to the high cement content. Mineral admixture like fly ash(FA) is often cheaper than ordinary portland cement(OPC) and this factor in combination with possible improvement in workability and moderation of the heat evolution of the cement-rich mixes tends to encourage its use. The other mineral admisture that its use has been widly advocated is silica fume that increases compressive strength due to its pozzolanic reaction. The objective of this study is to assess the contribution of mineral admixtures(FA, SF) to the workability and the strength of concrete with low water-binder ratios. In this experimental study that investigates and analyzes the properties of fresh concrete. it is presented that using admixtures like flyash and silica fume as binding material increases properties of high strength flowing concrete having very low water cementitious ratios of 0.25 and 0.30.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 1988.11a
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• pp.241-245
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• 1988

This paper reports the experiments regarding to diagnosis techniques for power transformers by measuring dissipation factor and moisture contents of mineral oils. Thermal aging environments of mineral oils were varied by the specially designed systems. Thermal aging of elevated temperature of $90^{\circ}C$ was performed for about 240 and 460 hours, respectively. Dissipation factor, permittivity, and water content were measured. Our test samples were not exposed to air. Dissipation factor increased while permittivity did not change. The level of dissipation factor determining the insulating quality of mineral oil was compared with the previous results of resistivity and several correction factor.

• Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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• 2009.05a
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• pp.351-352
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the characteristic of air content, slump, air void structure and strength development for concrete mixed with mineral admixture according to types of mineral admixtures and substitution ratio, temperature and condition of curing.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.9-16
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• 1972

Twenty kinds of minerel nutrient solution were prepared and supplied to the tomatoes planted in Norwegian quartz pots. These plants were cultured for nine weeks and several physiogical phenomena were observed during the growing period, and after harvest, the alkaloid contents were determined. The highest growth potential was in NS 3 group while the highest alkaloid content wasein KMg 18 group.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Medical Physics Conference
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• 2002.09a
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• pp.425-426
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• 2002

The bone densitometer is to investigate the bone mineral content and density for the osteoporosis assessment by using dual energy X-ray photons. For the clinical verification of the ISOL's OSTEO plus, the clinical study was performed with healthy and non-menopausal 30 female volunteers. The fan-beam DXA machine (Lunar, Expert) was chosen as a reference. After correlation analysis of their bone mineral densities, a strong correlation was obtained. From the results, it is claimed that the new forearm bone densitometer is clinically useful in osteoporosis diagnosis.

• Cement Symposium
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• s.34
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• pp.129-137
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• 2007

This paper presents a numerical model which can predict degree of cement mineral component, such as $C_3S$, $C_2S$, $C_3A$, $C_4AF$ and microstructure of hydrating cement as a function of water to cement ratio, cement particle size distribution, cement mineral components and temperature. In this model cement particles are parked randomly in cell space and hydration process is described using a multi-component intergrated kinetic model. The simulation result of degree of hydration of cement mineral component agrees well with experiment result. The content of cement hydration product, such as CSH and CH can be obtained as an accompanied result during hydration process. By introducing of equal-area projection method, water withdrawl mechanism and contact area among cement particles can be considered in detail. By using proposed method, pore size distribution of hydrating cement is predicted.