• Journal of Digital Contents Society
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.547-557
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• 2012

Youths express their own negative experiences and feelings come from their deeply wounded mind. They seek the root cause of these wounded hearts from other people or external environment. Youths revisited the past to heal painful memories. This study designed ontology in order to provide information about the causes and symptoms of illness of the mind for youth counseling. Application ontology enables high-volume and intricate knowledge not only to get set up systematically but also to be stored as the meaningful information. It is also very useful as an integrating tool of the existing complex counseling nomenclature. And ultimately, through revitalization of the sharing and reuse of materials, it becomes possible to provide client-centered counseling services. Therefore, this study built ontology of the mind-illness as a way to analyze the causes and symptoms of the disease in the client mind for providing personalized youth counseling services.

• The Journal of Korean Association of Computer Education
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• v.17 no.6
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• pp.147-159
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• 2014

This study aims to offer a wide range of practical implications for Smartphone addiction prevention by verifying the effect of mind health as a factor that is influenced by Smartphone addiction, and testing the relationships between Smartphone addiction and mind health with school life adaptation as a mediation effect. For this research, a survey was conducted of 250 elementary school students who use Smartphones. The relationships between Smartphone addiction, mind health and school life adaptation were set as the structural equation model, and they were verified by the mediation effect of school life adaptation. The results showed that school life adaptation turned out to be an entirely mediating variable on the relationship between mind health and Smartphone addiction. The statistical significance of the effect on school life adaptation was verified by the Sobel test. The mediation effect resulted in mind health reducing the occurrence of negative emotion of school life adaptation, and also reinforced decreased Smartphone use.

• Journal of The Korean Association of Information Education
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.215-224
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• 2009

The aim of teaching writing is not to memorize a single piece of knowledge but to acquire higher thinking that could be related to other fields using learners' various reading experiences and schemata. Among several strategies or techniques to write well, it is recommended to use a mind-map technique. A mind-map software applies the mind-map technique into computer for learners to study autonomously. However, the mind-map software is not common in educational fields yet and there are only few studies on the effect of it. Therefore, this study analyzed various curricula to extract the elements of writing and developed a mind-map software program which was applied and tested. As a result, the writing program using the mind-map software was effective in promoting learners' motivation and lowering anxiety. It also improved learners' competence of writing such as understanding, analytic thinking, creativity, ability to organize, and expression.

• Journal of Korean Classical Literature and Education
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• no.15
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• pp.421-461
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• 2008

Miss Ki, the heroine of (취유부벽정기) is the image on which Hong-saeng's mind is projected. And the mind of Hong-saeng(홍생) is the allegory of Kim, si-seop's(김시습) mind to king Dan-jong. So I think the mind of Ki who thinks patriotism is more important than her life is the allegory of Kim si-seop's patriotic sentiment to king Dan-jong. And I think the sorrow of Hong-saeng for the ruins of Ko-choseon(고조선) means sorrow of Kim, si-seop's(김시습) for the death of Dan-jong's. They felt sorrowful because values that they considered as absolute ones were damaged. However, everything in the world are fatally changed. Although people think the most important thing they think now is never changed, after long time they cannot but see all is changed. At last people realize the thing seemed most important will disappear in vain. So the writer of (취유부벽정기) made a image of Miss Ki who is a nymph of moon and was the princess of Ko-choseon to awaken Hong-saeng. He intended to change hong-saeng's mind to king Dan-jong with the change of Miss Ki's mind to her father. But the writer knew the fact that though Hong-saeng changed his mind, he could not become happy. So he wanted to transcend the real world, but he can't. After all he expressed his wants in fantastic lunar world.

• Journal of Korean Philosophical Society
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• v.116
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• pp.111-132
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• 2010

While this paper will be of interest to Convergence of Knowledge and Border Thinking, one of my main concerns has been to open the world of mind. Because the convergence of knowledge and border thinking are closely related to the problems of mind. It should be clear from this procedure that the scope of this study is limited. It is not intended to be a definitive account of all problems of mind, bur rather a clear and thorough account of that segment of mind that pertains to an analysis of convergence of knowledge and border thinking. This claim, with their supporting arguments, will be discussed as follow; 1. What our knowledge has been for? 2. Knowledge and convergence of knowledge 3. How is the convergence of knowledge made up? 1) meeting at border 2) mind as a border 3) converging at mind.

• Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.1-29
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• 2007

The flow theory becomes one of the most important frameworks in the internet research arena. Hoffman and Novak proposed a hierarchical flow model showing the antecedents and outcomes of flow and the relationship among these variables in the hyper-media computer circumstances (Hoffman and Novak 1996). This model was further tested after their initial research (Novak, Hoffman, and Yung 2000). At their paper, Hoffman and Novak explained that the balance of challenge and skill leads to flow which means the positive optimal state of mind (Hoffman and Novak 1996). An imbalance between challenge and skill, leads to negative states of mind like anxiety, boredom, apathy (Csikszentmihalyi and Csikszentmihalyi 1988). Almost all research on the flow 4-channel model have been focusingon flow, the positive state of mind (Ellis, Voelkl, and Morris 1994 Mathwick and Rigdon 2004). However, it also needs to examine the formation of the negative states of minds and their outcomes. Flow researchers explain play or playfulness as antecedents or the early state of flow. However, play has been regarded as a distinct concept from flow in the flow literatures (Hoffman and Novak 1996; Novak, Hoffman, and Yung 2000). Mathwick and Rigdon discovered the influences of challenge and skill on play; they also observed the influence of play on web-loyalty and brand loyalty (Mathwick and Rigdon 2004). Unfortunately, they did not go so far as to test the influences of play on state of mind. This study focuses on the relationships between state of mind in the flow 4-channel model and play. Early research has attempted to hypothetically explain state of mind in flow theory, but has not been tested except flow until now. Also the importance of play has been emphasized in the flow theory, but has not been tested in the flow 4-channel model context. This researcher attempts to analyze the relationships among state of mind, skill of play, challenge, state of mind and web loyalty. For this objective, I developed a measure for state of mind and defined the concept of play as a trait. Then, the influences of challenge and skill on the state of mind and play under on-line shopping conditions were tested. Also the influences of play on state of mind were tested and those of flow and play on web loyalty were highlighted. 294 undergraduate students participated in this research survey. They were asked to respond about their perceptions of challenge, skill, state of mind, play, and web-loyalty to on-line shopping mall. Respondents were restricted to students who bought products on-line in a month. In case of buying products at two or more on-line shopping malls, they asked to respond about the shopping mall where they bought the most important one. Construct validity, discriminant validity, and convergent validity were used to check the measurement validations. Also, Cronbach's alpha was used to check scale reliability. A series of exploratory factor analyses was conducted. This researcher conducted confirmatory factor analyses to assess the validity of measurements. All items loaded significantly on their respective constructs. Also, all reliabilities were greater than.70. Chi-square difference tests and goodness of fit tests supported discriminant and convergent validity. The results of clustering and ANOVA showed that high challenge and high skill leaded to flow, low challenge and high skill leaded to boredom, and low challenge and low skill leaded to apathy. But, it was different from my expectation that high challenge and low skill didnot lead to anxiety but leaded to apathy. The results also showed that high challenge and high skill, and high challenge and low skill leaded to the highest play. Low challenge leaded to low play. 4 Structural Equation Models were built by flow, anxiety, boredom, apathy for analyzing not only the impact of play on state of mind and web-loyalty, but also that of state of mind on web-loyalty. According the analyses results of these models, play impacted flow and web-loyalty positively, but impacted anxiety, boredom, and apathy negatively. Results also showed that flow impacted web-loyalty positively, but anxiety, boredom, and apathy impacted web-loyalty negatively. The interpretations and implications of the test results of the hypotheses are as follows. First, respondents belonging to different clusters based on challenge and skill level experienced different states of mind such as flow, anxiety, boredom, apathy. The low challenge and low skill group felt the highest anxiety and apathy. It could be interpreted that this group feeling high anxiety or fear, then avoided attempts to shop on-line. Second, it was found that higher challenge leads to higher levels of play. Test results show that the play level of the high challenge and low skill group (anxiety group) was higher than that of the high challenge and high skill group (flow group). However, this was not significant. Third, play positively impacted flow and negatively impacted boredom. The negative impacts on anxiety and apathy were not significant. This means that the combination of challenge and skill creates different results. Forth, play and flow positively impacted web-loyalty, but anxiety, boredom, apathy had negative impacts. The effect of play on web-loyalty was stronger in case of anxiety, boredom, apathy group than fl ow group. These results show that challenge and skill influences state of mind and play. Results also demonstrate how play and flow influence web-loyalty. It implies that state of mind and play should be the core marketing variables in internet marketing. The flow theory has been focusing on flow and on the positive outcomes of flow experiences. But, this research shows that lots of consumers experience the negative state of mind rather than flow state in the internet shopping circumstance. Results show that the negative state of mind leads to low or negative web-loyalty. Play can have an important role with the web-loyalty when consumers have the negative state of mind. Results of structural equation model analyses show that play influences web-loyalty positively, even though consumers may be in the negative state of mind. This research found the impacts of challenge and skill on state of mind in the flow 4-channel model, not only flow but also anxiety, boredom, apathy. Also, it highlighted the role of play in the flow 4-channel model context and impacts on web-loyalty. However, tests show a few different results from hypothetical expectations such as the highest anxiety level of apathy group and insignificant impacts of play on anxiety and apathy. Further research needs to replicate this research and/or to compare 3-channel model with 4-channel model.

• (The)Study of the Eastern Classic
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• no.34
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• pp.257-286
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• 2009

Yi, Hang-no said that taiji(=li) was Myeong-deok(illustrious virtue), the core of mind and heart, emphasizing the sides of superintendent and mysterious ability of li. It seems that he aimed to stress the upper status of li than qi, out of earlier general theory on mind and heart recognizing both li and qi consisted in the mind and heart. Through it, he wanted to say that only human being had moral mind like taiji and upper moral status than animals which human being should keep. The reason that Yi, Hang-no emphasized the difference between li and qi was because of a critical mind that the upper value of li than qi should not be changed and it would be the most dangerous situation if the value collapsed. Like this, Yi, Hang-no's attitude emphasizing li in his theory of mind and heart eventually aimed to explain the theory of Insim(Desire to be) and Dosim(Moral Mind). Yi, Hang-no's disciples testified that their teacher, Yi, Hang-no had cost his whole life to study the theory of Insim and Dosim. This means that Yi, Hang-no had tried to discriminate between Insim and Dosim, and to block private desires in Insim. The fact that Yi, Hang-no stressed the importance of the theory of Insim and Dosim had to do with the special situation that Western Power approached Joseon dynasty. Because Yi, Hang-no opposed the Westerner's moral consciousness for individual desires, against heavenly orders. To overcome the Western challenge, Yi, Hang-no strived to notice that taiji was the core of human mind. The point that Yi, Hang-no wanted to say was that Dosim(Moral Mind) was just the heavenly orders which human being couldn't disobey. Yi, Hang-no thought that Joseon couldn't defence Western flow without this theory of Insim and Dosim. Just after French invasion(1866), Yi, Hang-no was selected as a high-leveled bureaucrat, so he insisted his opinions for rejecting heterodoxy by the letters to the throne several times. The letters also contained his theory of Insim and Dosim mainly. Insisting fight against Western Power and prohibition of trade with Western Power, Yi, Hang-no eventually emphasized the king's right mind(Dosim) as a main and sole means to achieve all the goals he said. In conclusion, Yi, Hang-no's theory on mind and heart was as it is reflected in his letters to the throne. Therefore we can see that Yi, Hang-no's theory on mind and heart had harmonized with his movement to "Rejecting Heterodoxy".

• Proceedings of the KSCN Conference
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• 2004.12a
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• pp.13-16
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• 2004

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.194-201
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• 2000

The propose of the study is to try to support the practice of caring suitable for our cultural emotion by cognating the meaning of caring related to health which is melted in korean culture. Concrete purposes were as followings; to first, confirm the caring of civilian in Kangwon-do, to secondly search the caring in the traditional culture idea, and to thirdly present the conceptual frame about the caring. The methodology of this research is the ethnography to use the depth interview and the participative observation. The geographical area of this research was in Wichon-ri, Songsan- myon, Study participants were, 6men and 18women, totally 24 persons. Their average age was 72.6 years old. The period of data collection was from January, 1998 to April, 1999, which original data became saturation. Data collection was done after accept allowance of the participants, their stories were recorded in cassettee, by the way of the Spradley analysis was applied and adjusted. The results which was analyized as domain, category and property were as following; First, the category was the life serving other persons, which is the for mind, the benefiting one, the comprehensive one, the respective one, on soon. Second, the category was the controling life, and its property was the moderate mind, that is, vegetables were tried to be fed moderately, pleasantly and comfortable. Thirdly, the category was the eagerness life, and the properties were diligent mind, and mind which accomplished the complete resposibility. Fourth, the category was a happy life, and the properties were positive mind, satisfying one, thankful one, one of their ancestors benefit, and supplicatory one. Fifth, the category was the accepting life, and the properties were the submissive mind, resign one. Sixth, the category was the joint life all together and the properties were the harmonized mind, and the mutual helping one. Seventh, the category was the ruling life, and the properties were the pure mind, the ones which controls the body, the mind, the nature; which could surely confirmed the source of the life that lived with the nature, the native idea of our people. Eighth, the category was the retaining life, and the properties were the inherits the native custom, and the one that keep public morals. According to the result of examining the caring in ethnography, the general caring was performed the conceptual frame about the caring which is related to health was found in the principle of consideration, harmony, compliance, and transcendence.

• Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
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• v.8 no.5
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• pp.179-202
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• 2012

This study examined the relationship among children's theory of mind, social skills, and emotional intelligence. A total of 76 five-year old children in the Seoul area participated in this study. Children were tested on three different type of theory of mind tasks and teachers rated their children's emotional intelligence and social competency. SPSS 18, t-test, correlation analysis, and step-wise of multilateral regression were performed for data collection. The results were as follows: First, 40.8% of participants passed the task of theory of mind. There were significant differences in total score of theory of mind, social competence skills, and emotional intelligence between successors and failures. Second, by gender, there were significant differences in total score of theory of mind, social competence skills, and emotional intelligence. Third, there was a relationship between theory of mind and social competence skills, social competence skills and emotional intelligence, and theory of mind and emotional intelligence.