• Title/Summary/Keyword: Milk Quality

검색결과 790건 처리시간 0.03초

우유단백질과 다당류 혼합물을 첨가한 냉동반죽의 품질 특성 (Quality Attributes of Frozen Dough Mixed with Milk Protein-Polysaccharide Materials)

  • 손진한;정정일;오덕환;김재명;은종방
    • 한국식품저장유통학회지
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    • 제16권4호
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    • pp.518-524
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    • 2009
  • 본 연구에서는 냉동반죽의 동결장해.손상으로 제빵성이 저하되는 것을 막기 위한 방법의 하나로 우유단백질과 다당류 혼합물을 냉동반죽에 첨가하여 farinograph와 amylograph를 사용하여 반죽 특성 및 호화 특성 그리고 반죽부피를 조사하였다. Farinogram에 의하면 CA와 CK 첨가구의 수분 흡수율이 대조구보다 증가하였고 반죽 형성시간의 경우에는 CA 첨가구가 대조구의 3배정도 증가하였으며 WA 첨가구도 대조구보다 증가하였다. Amylogram에 의하면 CA, CK 그리고WK 첨가구가 호화개시 온도가 증가하였고, 최고 점도 도달 온도에서도 대조구보다 증가하였으나 최고 점도는 대조구보다 감소하였다. 우유단백질과 다당류 혼합물의 첨가로 반죽의 부피가 증가하는 결과를 가져왔다. 위의 결과들을 통해 단백질 다당류 혼합물을 첨가할 경우 제빵 적성을 향상시켜주며 CA와 WA를 냉동반죽 제조 시 첨가하면 동결손상으로 인한 제빵성의 저하를 억제할 수 있으며 빵의 노화를 지연시켜 저장수명을 연장시킬 수 있을 것으로 생각된다.

Comparison of Physicochemical and Sensory Properties of Freeze-concentrated Milk with Evaporated Milk during Storage

  • Hwang, J.H.;Lee, S.J.;Park, H.S.;Min, S.G.;Kwak, H.S.
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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    • 제20권2호
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    • pp.273-282
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    • 2007
  • This study was carried out to compare the changes of nutrients, sensory and chemical properties of freeze-concentrated and evaporated milks during storage. For pasteurization, the freeze-concentrated milk containing 27% of total solid was treated with 150 rpm ozone for 5 min, and 99% of microflora was eliminated. Also, the activities of protease and lipase decreased 93.31% and 96.15%, respectively, and phosphatase showed negative activity. Total bacteria count was maintained below$2.0{\times}10^4$CFU/ml. During storage, TBA absorbance was lower in freeze-concentrated milk than that in the evaporated milk. The production of short-chain free fatty acids and free amino acids increased proportionally to the storage period in both samples. While the short-chain free fatty acid production was lower in the freeze-concentrated milk compared with that in the evaporated milk, the production of individual free amino acid was similar in both samples. In sensory evaluation, cooked flavor and color were much lower in the freeze-concentrated milk than that in the evaporated milk. Overall acceptability score was higher in the freeze-concentrated than the evaporated milk. Based on above results, ozone treatment for the freeze-concentrated milk pasteurization was positive at the elimination of microflora and enzyme inactivation. During storage, the freeze-concentrated sample minimized the change of color and TBA absorbance, the production of short-chain free fatty acid and vitamins than the evaporated milk. Therefore, the freeze-concentrated milk process in the present study resulted in the positive effect in minimizing nutrient loss and keeping quality of milk during storage.

Effect on quanti-quality milk and mozzarella cheese characteristics with further increasing the level of dried stoned olive pomace in diet for lactating buffalo

  • Taticchi, A.;Bartocci, S.;Servili, M.;Di Giovanni, S.;Pauselli, M.;Mourvaki, E.;Zilio, D. Meo;Terramoccia, S.
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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    • 제30권11호
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    • pp.1605-1611
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    • 2017
  • Objective: Following a previous report, an experiment was conducted to determine the effect of increasing level of dried stoned olives pomaces (DSOP) in the diet of lactating buffaloes on milk and mozzarella cheese yield and characteristics. Methods: Sixteen pluriparous buffaloes distributed into two groups were fed an isoenergetic (0.9 milk forage unit/kg) and isoprotein (149 g/kg dry matter [DM] of crude protein) diet, with or without DSOP. Each animal received 17 kg DM/d. Samples of forages and concentrates were weekly collected and used for duplicate chemical analyses. Individual milk samples from each control were analyzed for chemical and coagulating parameters and daily production of mozzarella cheese was estimated. At the end of the trial, bulk milk of each group was processed to produce mozzarella cheese and chemical (fat, protein, ash, pH) composition, fatty acids composition, carotenoids and tocopherols content were determined. A sensory test was also performed. The oxidative stability was measured on mozzarella cheese and on governing liquid. Results: No significant differences were observed, neither for milk yield and body condition score, nor for milk characteristics. The fat was higher (p<0.05) in mozzarella of DSOP fed group but, saturated fatty acids were lower and unsaturated higher (p<0.01). Furthermore, lower atherogenic (p<0.01), and thrombogenic (p<0.05) indices were found in mozzarella cheese of DSOP fed group. In addition, the administration of DSOP did not affect the mozzarella cheese oxidative stability and no negative effect was found in the sensory properties. Conclusion: No contraindications appeared for the inclusion of DSOP in the diet of lactating buffaloes. Besides, important effects on mozzarella cheese quality were obtained, such as a modification of fat content and attributes with an increment in the mono-unsaturated. Additionally, a lower saturated/unsaturated ratio and atherogenic and thrombogenic indices suggest an improvement of dietetic and nutritional characteristics of mozzarella cheese.

가공공유의 품질개선을 위한 Chitosan의 이용 (Utilization of Chitosan to Improve the Quality of Processed Milk)

  • 하태조;이신호
    • 한국식품영양과학회지
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    • 제30권4호
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    • pp.630-634
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    • 2001
  • 가공유는 우유에 과즙 등을 첨가하여 우유의 성분을 변화시킨 우유로서 백색 시유와는 달리 가공공정 중 각종 첨가물에 의해 미생물이 오염되어 품질악화를 초래할 수도 있다. 미생물 오염에 의한 가공유의 품질악화를 방지하고 품질개선을 위해 chitosan의 이용 가능성을 검토하였다. 시판 가공유에서 api 20E kit 와 api 20C AUX kit 로 동정한 결과 Saccharomyces cerevisiae와 Pseudomonas fluorescence를 분리동정하였다. 0.01%, 0.03%, 0.05%, 0.1% chitosan 을 함유한 YM broth에서 분리 yeast의 성장을 측정한 결과 0.03% chitosan 첨가구에서 배양 12시간후 성장이 완전히 저해되었다. 분리 P. fluorescence는 chitosan 0.03%를 함유한 TSB 에서 2~3 l$og_{10}$ cycle 성장이 억제되었다. Chitosan 0.03%를 첨가한 가공 시유를 제조하여 15일 동안 $4^{\circ}C$, 1$0^{\circ}C$, $25^{\circ}C$에서 저장하면서 품질특성을 조사한 결과 $4^{\circ}C$와 1$0^{\circ}C$에서는 대조구와 뚜렷한 차이를 나타내지 않았으나 $25^{\circ}C$ 저장의 경우 대조구는 저장 2일째부터 이화학적 변화(pH, 산도)를 나타낸 반면 chitosan 첨가구의경우 저장 15일 동안 저장초기와 거의 같은 수준을 나타내었다. Chitosan 첨가 가공유는 5% 유의수준에서 taste는 감소하였으며 texture는 증가하여, chitosan 첨가에 의한 가공유의 기호성 저하는 없었다.

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A scientific understanding of Mammary gland and physiology of lactation in Ayurveda.

  • Verma, Vandana;Agrawal, Sonam;Gehlot, Sangeeta
    • 셀메드
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    • 제10권1호
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    • pp.4.1-4.4
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    • 2020
  • Ayurveda scholars have well described about the physio-anatomical aspect of mammary gland (Stana), physiology of lactation, importance of breast milk (Stanya) in growth and development of baby, various factors affecting the lactation and causing changes in property of milk, Galactogouge (Stanyajanana), and drugs for purification of mother milk (Stanya Shodhana). The recent studies provide evidence for above descriptions of Ayurveda. Breast milk (Stanya) is the nearly complete sole source of nourishment for infants. It has been considered as subsidiary tissue (Upadhatu) of blood plasma (Rasa Dhatu) as it is formed out of Rasa Dhatu (Plasma) and its quality and quantity gets affected by quality of nutrient fraction of food formed after complete digestion (Aahar Rasa). It provides health (Aarogya), strength and immunity (Bala) to the feeding child and gives innumerable beneficial effects like protection against not only acute infections like URTI, diarrhoea but also on chronic illnesses like CVD, metabolic disorders too. The Ayurveda description related to Mammary gland and physiology of lactation still need a better understanding for its implementation on promotion of health. Thus an attempt has been made to compile and analyze the view of Ayurveda scholars on Breast (Stana), Breast milk (Stanya) and physiological aspect of lactation as well as to draw a possible scientific understanding for the relevance.

Effect of Nutritional Difference between Soy Milk and Mung Milk on Fermentation

  • Gyeongseon An;Yeonghun Cho;Jungmin Ha
    • 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국작물학회 2022년도 추계학술대회
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    • pp.301-301
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    • 2022
  • Dairy products are important diet source for human because of their balanced essential nutrients along with various vitamins and minerals. However, lactose in milk can result in diarrhea to some consumers with lactose intolerance. Soy milk has no lactose and is suitable as a substitute for diary milk in accordance with recent trend of replacing animal food with vegetable food. However, polysaccharides in soy milks are difficult for humans to digest, leading to flatulence. These polysaccharides can be decomposed into monosaccharides by lactic acid bacteria, and fermentation can improve food quality. Because mungbean has higher carbohydrate content than soybean, mung milk can be easily fermented than soy milk, resulting in vege yogurt with higher contents of lactic acid. In this study, fermentation characteristics of vege yogurt were analyzed with different ratio of soy milk and mung milk (0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, 100% and 0%+sucrose) and different fermentation time (0, 8, and 16 hours). In general, pH decreased as fermentation time increased. Overall, pH significantly decreased when the mung milk content in yogurt increased. All samples showed higher titratable acidity after fermentation and soy yogurt (mungbean 0%, 16 hours) with sucrose showed the highest value (6.825%). As fermentation time increase, viscosity increased. In 8 and 16 hours, mung milk yogurt (mungbean 100%) showed the lowest viscosity while soy milk yogurt (soybean 100%) with no sucrose showed the highest viscosity after 16 hours of fermentation. The contents of crude protein, crude fat and ash were measured for nutritional analysis. Soy milk (mungbean 0%, 0 hours) had the values of crude protein 2.9g, crude fat 1.8g, and ash 0.3g, and mung milk (mungbean 100%, 0 hours), showed the values of crude protein 1.7g, crude fat 0g, and ash 0.3g. To analyze the effect of the differences in the contents of nutrition between soy milk and mung milk on fermentation, the changes in sugar contents, and antioxidant capacity will be conducted depending on fermentation time. Our results will provide the information in researching plant beverages.

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A Review on Camel Milk Composition, Techno-Functional Properties and Processing Constraints

  • Muhammad Asif Arain;Hafiz Muhammad Salman;Mehboob Ali;Gul Bahar Khaskheli;Ghulam Shabir Barham;Illahi Bakhash Marghazani;Shabbir Ahmed
    • 한국축산식품학회지
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    • 제44권4호
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    • pp.739-757
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    • 2024
  • Camel milk plays a critical role in the diet of peoples belongs to the semi-arid and arid regions. Since prehistoric times, camel milk marketing was limited due to lacking the processing facilities in the camel-rearing areas, nomads practiced the self-consumption of raw and fermented camel milk. A better understanding of the techno-functional properties of camel milk is required for product improvement to address market and customer needs. Despite the superior nutraceutical and health promoting potential, limited camel dairy products are available compared to other bovines. It is a challenging impetus for the dairy industry to provide diversified camel dairy products to consumers with superior nutritional and functional qualities. The physicochemical behavior and characteristics of camel milk is different than the bovine milk, which poses processing and technological challenges. Traditionally camel milk is only processed into various fermented and non-fermented products; however, the production of commercially important dairy products (cheese, butter, yogurt, and milk powder) from camel milk still needs to be processed successfully. Therefore, the industrial processing and transformation of camel milk into various products, including fermented dairy products, pasteurized milk, milk powder, cheese, and other products, require the development of new technologies based on applied research. This review highlights camel milk's processing constraints and techno-functional properties while presenting the challenges associated with processing the milk into various dairy products. Future research directions to improve product quality have also been discussed.

청소년의 우유 섭취,영양 섭취 및 신체 발달간의 관계에 대한 고찰 (A Review on the Relationship of Milk Consumption, Dietary Nutrient Intakes and Physical Growth of Adolescents)

  • 김선효
    • Journal of Dairy Science and Biotechnology
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    • 제28권1호
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    • pp.9-16
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    • 2010
  • Adolescents grow rapidly and have lots of schoolwork for entrance examination, so good nutrition is very important to them. However, adolescents tend to have a poor dietary behavior including frequent consumption of empty calorie foods and skipping breakfast. In particular, frequency of drinking milk has been low among Korean adolescents, thus their dietary calcium intakes has been low. Undesirable dietary behavior of adolescents is a risk factor for poor nutrition, obesity and chronic disease of them. Milk is a good source for calcium, high quality of protein, vitamin and bioactive compounds including anti-obesity component, thus it has been reported that milk helps improvement of dietary nutrient adequacy and physical growth, increment of bone mineral density, and prevention of obesity and chronic diseases. Therefore, milk consumption of adolescents should be encouraged in order to help their nutritional status, physical growth and health.

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우유 첨가에 따른 증편의 품질 선택 (Quality Characteristics of Jeung-Pyun Prepared with Milk)

  • 장정선;박영선
    • 동아시아식생활학회지
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    • 제18권3호
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    • pp.311-321
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    • 2008
  • 본 연구는 증편의 활용도를 높이고 영양적인 측면에서 증편의 부족한 단백질을 보완하기 위하여 우유를 0, 5, 10, 15, 20 g 첨가하여 제조한 반죽 및 증편의 발효 과정에 따른 기 계적 특성, 관능적 특성을 검사하고 SEM을 사용하여 증편의 내부 구조를 관찰하였으며, 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 색도 측정에 있어서 L값은 우유의 첨가량이 많아질수록 증가하여 20 g 첨가군이 65.43으로 가장 높게 나타났으며 유의적인 차이는 없었다. a값 역시 우유 20 g 첨가군이 가장 높게 나타났으며, b값은 우유 첨가군이 대조군에 비해 유의 적으로 높은 경향을 나타내었다(p<.001). 2. 우유 10, 15 g을 첨가군에 있어서 발효 8시간의 점도는 각각 5,726.67 cp, 6,600 cp로 첨가량이 많아질수록 높아지는 경향을 나타내었으며, 우유 첨가군이 대조군에 비해 유의적 으로 높았다(p<.00 1). 3. 경도는 첨가군에 있어서는 첩가량이 증가할수록 높게 나타났으며, 탄력성과 응집성은 대조군과 첨가군간의 유의 차가 없었으며, 검성과 부서짐성은 우유 5, 10 g 첨가군이 낮게 나타났다. 4. 우유를 첨가한 증편의 부피범위는 $236.67{\sim}255.00\;mL$이며, 대조군이 208.33 mL로 가장 낮았으며, 우유 첨가 10 g (255.00 mL)을 기점으로 감소하였다. 비체적의 경우도 부피와 비슷한 경향이었으며, 팽화도는 우유 $5{\sim}20\;g(128.28{\sim}133.12%)$ 첨가군이 대조군(122.65%)에 비해 높았으나 유의적인 차이는 없었다. 5. 관능검사 결과, 증편의 기공은 우유의 첨가량이 많아질 수록 크기가 작아지고 불균일한 것으로 평가되었으며, 20 g 첨가군이 가장 낮은 수치이었다. 증편 특유의 탁주향은 우유 첨가량이 많아칠수록 유의적으로 감소하여(p<.001) 20 g 첨 가군에서 가장 낮게 나타났다. 신맛은 첨가량이 많아질수록 높아져 15, 20 g 첨가군에서 높은 경향이었다. 부드러움에 있어서는 우유 무첨가군 시료가 첨가군 시료보다 다소 부드 럽다고 평가되었으며, 첨가군에서는 15, 20 g 첨가한 것이 동일하게 부드렵다고 응답하였다. 전체적인 바람직성에 있어서는 대조군, 우유 5, 10 g을 첨가한 군이 선호도가 일치한 것으로 나타났다. 6. 전체적인 기호도에 있어서 색이 흴수록, 단맛이 강하고 쫄깃할수록 더 선호했으며 신맛이 강할수록 전체적인 기호도는 좋지 않았다. 또한, 부드러우며 찰기가 클수록 전체적인 기호도가 높았다. 관능 특성치들간에는 졸깃할수록 탄력성이 크 고 촉촉하며, 부드러울수록 씹힘성이 좋은 것으로 측정되었다. 7. 전반적으로 우유 첨가량이 적은 것이 기공의 크기가 크고 첨가량이 많아질수록 기공의 크기가 작아지는 경향을 볼 수 있었다. 5 g 첨가군은 대조군에 비해서 기공이 커졌으며, 15, 20 g 첨가한 군은 대조군에 비해서 기공이 작아지고 불균일하였다. 전체적으로 우유 10 g 첨가 증편의 기공 크기와 균일한 정도가 잘 발달되어 있음을 관찰할 수 있었다. 이상의 결과를 종합하여 볼 때 기계적 특성과 내부 구조를 관찰함에 있어서 우유 10 g을 첨가한 증편의 경우가 경도, 기공의 균일함 등이 가장 바람직하게 평가되었다. 관능검사에서는 대조군과 우유 5, 10 g 첨가 증편의 기호도가 일치하였으나 건강에 대한 관심이 높아지고 있는 시점에서 볼 때 우유 10 g을 첨가하는 것이 바람직한 것으로 판단되었다. 또한, 우유의 첨가로 인하여 단백질 보완 효과도 있는 것으로 확인 되어 기능성 증편 제조의 활성화에 기여할 것으로 생각된다.

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유산발효유 제조 및 품질특성에 미치는 함초 추출물 첨가의 영향 (Supplemented Effect of Salicornia herbacea Extract Powder on Preparation and Quality Characteristics of Fermented Milk Product.)

  • 정찬영;류진수;최충국;전병삼;박정원;김범규;신갑균;배동원;차재영
    • 생명과학회지
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    • 제14권5호
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    • pp.788-793
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    • 2004
  • 함초 추출물 분말을 0%∼0.4% (w/v) 농도별로 skim milk에 첨가하여 혼합균주인 larfotacillus acidophilus, Streptococcus thermophillus 및 Bifidobacterium lougum를 전배양 한 starter를 접종하여 37$^{\circ}C$에서 6시간까지 발효시키면서 배양시간에 따른 pH, 적정산도, 점도, 유산균 수 측정 및 관능검사를 실시하였다. 함초 분말 0.1% 첨가구에서 6시간 배양 후 가장 많은 유산균수(9.23 log CFU/ml)를 나타내었고, 가장 높은 산 생성 능력(pH 4.23, 적정산도 0.64%)을 보였다. 발효유의 점도 측정에서도 함초 분말 0.1% 첨가구에서 1,365 cps로 가장 높게 나왔다. 함초 분말 첨가 발효유의 선호도 조사에서는 0.1% 첨가구에서 가장 좋은 것으로 나타났다. 6$^{\circ}C$ 12일간발효유 저장 기간 중 저장기간 경과와 함께 pH 및 생균수는 약간씩 낮아지는 경향을 보였고, 산도는 약간씩 증가하는 경향을 보였다. 이상과 같이 함초 추출물 분말 첨가 발효유 제조에서 기호성과 품질 특성을 고려해 볼 때 0.1% 첨가가 가장 이상적인 것으로 사료되어진다.