• Journal of the Korean Institute of Educational Facilities
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.5-12
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• 2005

The purpose of this study is to understand and analyze characteristics of using pattern on the physical facilities and fundamental demands about improving factors associated with management of variation type. The teachers of four middle schools are participated through questionnaires with this survey. According to the results, supplemental factors of learning activities, convenient facilities for students, factors with space utilization, moving class and arrangement of similar subject blocks are influential in order on the awareness of teachers for correspondence of variation type. In the analysis of variance based on the sampling factors, significant differences were shown in the factors of attached group, gender, age and managemental experience of variation type. Especially, the factors with moving class and convenient facilities for students are analytically more differential than the other factors, therefore, these factors must be considered in detail.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Environmental Edudation Conference
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• 2005.12a
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• pp.138-147
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• 2005

In the present study, the middle school students' perception on the environment course was surveyed before and after three different lessons. It was found that most students were taking environment related issues mainly from mass media including internet and broadcasting. The young students were satisfied at practical experiments, but at the same time a few old fashioned experimental programs would not be preferred. Utilization of multimedia such as audio-visual tools was one of the effective tools for the environment class, because it could help to understand even the profound principles of the chemical and physical processes. However, some students did not concentrate on the display, causing frequent disturbance of the class. Since the school for this investigation did not choose the environment as a selective course, practical tools and materials for the experiment should not be sufficient, and thereby a further detailed work must be followed with the students who are taking environment lessons.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.55-69
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• 1991

The purpose of this study were 1) to identify the pattern of general life style of the middle classs apartment residents. 2) to examine the types of the home furnishing attitudes of those. 3) to find out the relationships between life style and the home furnishing attitudes. The data were collected using self-administered questionnaire. The respondents were 227 homemakers of the middle class apartment residents, selected through stratified random sampling technique. Data were coded and analyzed using SPSS computer packages. The statistics used were frequency, percentage. Pearson's correlation coefficient, F-test, X2-test, factor and cluster analysis. 6 patterns of life style and 6 types of the home furnishing attitudes were identified. The relationships between the life style and the home furshing attitudes were interpreted by 25%.

• Journal of Agricultural Extension & Community Development
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.111-129
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• 2022

This study aims to classify agricultural entrepreneurship preparation patterns for middle-aged adults and to explore their demographic characteristics, occupational characteristics, and agricultural entrepreneurship related variables. The result of the study follows: first, agricultural entrepreneurship preparation patterns were divided into three types of urban-born farming, rural-born farming, retirement farming. Second, these patterns showed significant differences according to the level of demographic and occupational characteristics. Third, these patterns also showed considerable differences depending on the level of agricultural entrepreneurship expectancies, agricultural entrepreneurship volition, and agricultural entrepreneurship barriers. Based on the results, diversified agricultural entrepreneurship education programs and support measures were suggested.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• no.14
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• pp.33-41
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• 1998

The purpose of this study was to identify the characteristics of residential interior design according to social classes in Korean television dramas. To achieve the study purpose content analysis through slides and video tapes was used. Eighty three houses out of twenty eight dramas from 1990 to 1996 were classified into three classes ; upper class middle-upper class middle-lower class. Those houses were analyzed based one the five review points : total interior images finishing materials window treatments furniture and accessories. The results of the study were as follows ; (1) In the general characteristics of the house in Korean television dramas there were distinct differences in age job of householders and house types by classes. (2) In the characteristics of living-room interior design in the television dramas there were distinct differences according to social classes in interior images floor coverings furniture styles and accessories. (3) In the characteristics of master bedroom in the television dramas there were a little differences according to classes. (4) In the characteristics of kitchen and dining room in the television dramas there were differences according to classes

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.59-71
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• 1985

The purpose of this study was to analyze the effects of both social-status and mode of stimulus-presentation on children's empathic behavior, where empathy is defined as either the comprehension and recognition of an affective state in stimulus persons (others) or the empathic response to that perception. Middle-and lower-class kindergarten children were presented with a series of either short-sentence stories or short-pictorial stories. The subjects were asked to indicate how the child in each situation felt by selecting a "happy", "sad", or "angry" face to complete the picture accompanying each story. Immediately following the first question, children were asked to state verbally how the child in the picture might feel. The main results were (1) The mean empathy scores for the comprehension and recognition of an affective state in others and the empathic response to that perception was higher in middle-class children than in lower-class children. (2) There were differences in empathy scores to the three affective situations, i.e. the mean score for both happiness and sadness was significantly greater than for aggression, and (3) The empathy scores in the pictorial-stories were greater than in the sentence-stories.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.1-26
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to develop and implement new classes using the concept of personal color system to the section 'Daily Outfits & Clothing Acquisition' in the 2015 revision of middle school home economics curriculum, and find out the effects on middle school students. For this, We redesigned a curriculum for 'Clothing Outfits and Self-Expression' part using personal color system, developed teaching/learning plans and teaching/learning materials, and examined the changes in self-identity, attitude in clothing life, and class satisfaction among students at the end of the class. The results of this research are as follows. After the implementation of 'Daily Outfits & Clothing Acquisition' unit classes which included the concept of personal color system, the students' self-identity and attitude in clothing life were improved. And according to the results of the individual interviews, students were generally satisfied with the class. If the 'Daily Outfits & Clothing Acquisition' unit classes using personal color system is widely used in middle school home economics classes, it can have positive impacts on adolescents and is expected to be of great help to home economics teachers as a valuable class material.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.47-60
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• 2023

The purpose of this study was to examine students' experiences in the dietary life class using traditional Korean desserts in middle school home economics classes. Participatory observation, in-depth interview, and site data collected in this study were analyzed through emic coding, and the results are as follows. First, students had 'expectations about Han-gwa lab classes.' Students were always positive about lab classes, looking forward to eating delicious food and eagerly awaiting their first lab class since entering middle school. Additionally, there were many students who were experiencing Han-gwa for the first time, so expectations about learning about Han-gwa were high. Second, students engaged in 'self-directed learning through the Han-gwa project.' In other words, while creating an activity book about Han-gwa, the students realized self-directed learning about the differences between Han-gwa and Yang-gwa (Western-style sweets), and the scientific principles of cooking Han-gwa. Third, students had 'instilled pride in Han-gwa through lab classes.' The students learned that there was sufficient awareness and change in values to cherish Han-gwa and to inherit its traditions. Fourth, there was a 'potential curriculum effect.' Students who did not experience face-to-face group activities for three years in middle school due to COVID-19 came to recognize the importance of collaboration and even tried making Han-gwa at home. In order for students to have pride in Han-gwa, it was confirmed that it was necessary for home economics teachers at school to actively teach classes on traditional foods and provide students with many opportunities to encounter them.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.64 no.1
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• pp.38-48
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• 2020

The purpose of this study was to analysis characteristics and changes of epistemic thinking in middle school students on class-argument activities in an argument-based inquiry(ABI) science class. Data was collected from class recording video and activity worksheets of five subjects argument-based inquiry. Results of the analysis of student epistemic cognition characteristics show that experimental data was presented the most as evidence, and depending on the ABI activity, personal experience-based evidence and evidence based on scientific principles were used. As a result of analyzing the changes between claims made before and after class argumentations on five ABI activities in an argument-based inquiry science class, student claim modifications could be classified, according to reasons for the modification, into three types: correcting incorrect claims, clarifying unclear content, and expanding the concept.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.221-236
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• 1993

Economic conditions of Korean agriculture have been aggravated since farmers experienced the shortage of labor, instability of farm product price, lack of capital and pressure of opening domestic market. Nevertheless, agriculture must be maintained because structure of national economy can not be progressed without balanced growth of food industry. So the problem that we must solve is to keep agriculture competitive. In that case technology is important in terms of improving productivity, overcoming labor shortage and stabilizing price. This paper is to study the technology adoption on the farm level, focusing on the theories of technology adoption, their empirical test and effect of technology adoption on the farm household income. In this study five theories-independent model, linear model, middle class conservation model, modified middle class conservation model, basic needs and wealfare model- were introduced concerning differentiated technology adoption rate by farmers' class. Based on the survey of controlled strawberry farming in Nonsan County, Chungnam Province, who adopted six kinds of technology, modified middle class conservation model was found to explain five kinds of technology adoption pattern and linear model was useful to explain one kind of technology, that is, irrigation method, These results may mean that controlled strawbary cultivators of middle class were reluctant to accept new technology. There are many variables to effect on the technology accepting rate, that is, farmer's age, labor capacity, education level, cultivation career, size of total cultivated land, and size of strawberry farming land. LOGIT model was used to find which variable influence the technology adoption rate. Results of estimation showed that variables of cultivation career and total land size, of which coefficients were statistically significant at the 5 percent level, might be main influential factors in accepting more than three farming techniques. There was a significant income difference between farm households accepting new methods and those rejecting them. Especially in case of low class of farming group, income of farmers who was adopting new technology was examined to be much higher than that of farmers who did not adopt. This result suggests that new technology play an important role in increasing farm household income. Finally this study emphasized that there is a need to develop proper measure of technology transfer considering various socioeconomic conditions of farm households.