• 제목/요약/키워드: Micronutrient

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Suppression of Nitrate Accumulation in Lettuce by Application of Mg and Micronutrients

  • Chung, Jong-Bae;Park, Sang-Gyu;Park, Shin
    • 한국환경농학회지
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    • 제20권5호
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    • pp.340-345
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    • 2001
  • High rates of nitrogen fertilization dangerously increase the nitrate content of vegetable crops, and the accumulation of nitrate in edible crops is undesirable because of potential risks to human health. Micronutrient solution containing Cu, Mn, Mo, Zn was tested for the suppression of nitrate accumulation in lettuce grown in pots treated with Mg fertilizer under a greenhouse condition. The micronutrient solution was sprayed on leaves at 3 and 4 weeks after transplanting of 20-day old seedlings. Plants were harvested after 5-week growth, and yield, contents of chlorophyll, sugar, micronutrient and nitrate, and also nitrate reductase activity were measured. Fresh weight of lettuce was significantly increased by the application of Mg and micronutrients, and the effect was the most significant in the Mg+micronutrient treatment. Also contents of chlorophyll and micronutrients were higher in the plants of micronutrient treatments. Contents of nitrate were reduced by about 14-18% in lettuce with Mg and/or micronutrient applications. Compared to the plants of control treatment, nitrate reductase activity was also higher in those plants treated with micronutrients, and in the treatment of Mg+micronutrients the enzyme activity was six times as high as that of control treatment. Although the effect of mineral nutrients on the suppression of nitrate accumulation in lettuce was relatively small in this study, an appropriate supply of mineral nutrients could be one of the solutions for the nitrate accumulation in vegetables.

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종합미량원소비료(綜合微量元素肥料)의 개발(開發)에 관(關)한 연구(硏究) II. 비효시험 (Development of Micronutrient Fertilizer II. Effect of Micronutrient Fertilizer on Chinese Cabbage)

  • 임동규;성기석;신제성
    • 한국토양비료학회지
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    • 제14권4호
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    • pp.236-241
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    • 1982
  • 국내산(國內産) 광물(鑛物)을 주(主) 원료(原料)로 이용(利用) 용융방법(熔融方法)으로 종합미량원소비료(綜合微量元素肥料)를 제조(製造)하여 배추를 공시(供試) 비효시험을 실시(實施)하여 다음과 같은 결과(結果)를 얻었다. 1. 종합미량원소비료(綜合微量元素肥料) 시용(施用)으로 대조구(對照區)에 비(比)하여 30-40%의 증수효과가 있었다. 2. 식물분 미량원소흡수량(微量元素吸收量)은 B의 경우(境遇) 현저(顯著)하게 증가(增加)하였으나 Fe, Mn, Mo, Zn은 증가(增加)하지 않았다. 3. 시험후(試驗後) 토양중(土壤中) 미량원소(微量元素) 함량(含量)은 B의 경우(境遇) 증가(增加)되었으나 기타(其他) 미량원소(微量元素)는 차이(差異)가 없었다.

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Micronutrients Are Not Deficient in Children with Nonorganic Failure to Thrive

  • Hong, Junho;Park, Sowon;Kang, Yunkoo;Koh, Hong;Kim, Seung
    • Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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    • 제22권2호
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    • pp.181-188
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    • 2019
  • Purpose: Inadequate calorie intake is one of the most important causes of nonorganic failure to thrive (NOFTT) and is thought to lead to multiple micronutrient deficiencies. However, there have been few studies on NOFTT and micronutrients. The aim of this study was to evaluate the micronutrient status of children with NOFTT. Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study in 161 children (106 with NOFTT and 55 health controls) at a single institution. Data on weight for age, height for age, body mass index, and biochemical parameters, indicating the children's nutritional and micronutrient status were reviewed via electronic medical records, and the two groups were compared. Results: Except inorganic phosphate levels, no statistically significant differences were seen in the laboratory findings indicating the children's nutritional and micronutrient status; notably, the inorganic phosphate levels were within the normal range in both groups. We then compared the severe NOFTT (weight for age below the first percentile) and control groups; however, no statistically significant differences were seen for any of the measured parameters. Conclusion: Most children with NOFTT in this study had normal micronutrient levels and other laboratory findings. Therefore, element deficiencies should not be considered a natural consequence of NOFTT or in healthy children. Close monitoring and additional evaluations are needed.

Micronutrients and superoxide dismutase in postmenopausal women with chronic periodontitis: a pilot interventional study

  • Daiya, Sunita;Sharma, Rajinder Kumar;Tewari, Shikha;Narula, Satish Chander;Sehgal, Paramjeet Kumar
    • Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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    • 제44권4호
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    • pp.207-213
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    • 2014
  • Purpose: The study was aimed at investigating changes in periodontal parameters and superoxide dismutase activity triggered by root surface debridement with and without micronutrient supplementation in postmenopausal women. Methods: Forty-three postmenopausal chronic periodontitis patients were divided into two groups: group 1 (n=22) were provided periodontal treatment in the form of scaling and root planing (SRP) and group 2 (n=21) patients received SRP along with systemic administration of micronutrient antioxidants. Patients in both groups were subjected to root surface debridement. Group 2 patients also received adjunctive micronutrient antioxidant supplementation. Serum and salivary superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity along with periodontal parameters were recorded at baseline and 3 months after therapy. Results: Salivary and serum SOD values significantly (P<0.05) improved with periodontal treatment. Improvement in systemic enzymatic antioxidant status along with reduction in gingival inflammation and bleeding on probing (%) sites was significantly greater in group 2 as compared to group 1. Conclusions: Adjunctive micronutrient supplements reduce periodontal inflammation and improve the status of systemic enzymatic antioxidants in postmenopausal women.

Pycnogenol attenuates the symptoms of immune dysfunction through restoring a cellular antioxidant status in low micronutrient-induced immune deficient mice

  • Lee, Jeongmin;Nam, Da-Eun;Kim, Ok-Kyung;Lee, Myung-Yul
    • Nutrition Research and Practice
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    • 제8권5호
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    • pp.533-538
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    • 2014
  • BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: We investigated the effect of Pycnogenol (Pyc) on survival and immune dysfunction of C57BL/6 mice induced by low micronutrient supplementation. MATERIALS/METHODS: Female C57/BL/6 mice were fed a diet containing 7.5% of the recommended amount of micronutrients for a period of 12 wks (immunological assay) and 18 wks (survival test). For immunological assay, lymphocyte proliferation, cytokine regulation, and hepatic oxidative status were determined. RESLUTS: Pyc supplementation with 50 and $100mg{\cdot}kg^{-1}{\cdot}bw{\cdot}d^{-1}$ resulted in partial extension of the median survival time. Pyc supplementation led to increased T and B cell response against mitogens and recovery of an abnormal shift of cytokine pattern designated by the decreased secretion of Th1 cytokine and increased secretion of Th2 cytokine. Hepatic vitamin E level was significantly decreased by micronutrient deficiency, in accordance with increased hepatic lipid peroxidation level. However, Pyc supplementation resulted in a dose-dependent reduction of hepatic lipid peroxidation, which may result from restoration of hepatic vitamin E level. CONCLUSION: Findings of this study suggest that Pyc supplementation ameliorates premature death by restoring immune dysfunction, such as increasing lymphocyte proliferation and regulation of cytokine release from helper T cells, which may result from the antioxidative ability of Pyc.

초등학생의 미량영양소 섭취부족 위험 진단을 위한 간이 식습관평가표 개발 (Development of an Eating Habit Checklist for Screening Elementary School Children at Risk of Inadequate Micronutrient Intake)

  • 연미영;현태선
    • Journal of Nutrition and Health
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    • 제42권1호
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    • pp.38-47
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    • 2009
  • 초등학교 $4{\sim}6$학년 어린이 142명 (남 80명, 여 62명)을 대상으로 식습관과 식이섭취조사를 실시하여 미량영양소 섭취부족의 위험이 있는 어린이를 선별할 수 있는 간단한 식습관평가표를 개발한 결과는 다음과 같다. 미량영양소 섭취부족 위험지표는 비타민 A, 리보플라빈, 비타민 C, 칼슘, 철분, 아연의 여섯가지 영양소에 대하여 권장섭취량에 대한 섭취 백분율과 평균 적정섭취비율 (MAR), 이들 여섯가지 영양소 중 평균필요량 미만으로 섭취한 영양소의 개수를 임의로 선정하였다. 식습관의 각 문항에 대한 점수를 구하기 위하여 응답 보기에서 가장 좋은 식습관에 대하여 0점, 가장 좋지 않은 식습관에 대하여 2점을 부여하고, 이 두가지 식습관 사이에 중간 정도의 보기가 있는 경우 1점을 부여하였다. 부여된 점수로 계산한 각 문항의 식습관 점수와 미량영양소 섭취부족 위험지표와의 Pearson 상관계수를 계산한 결과 유의적인 상관관계를 나타낸 식습관 문항은 세끼 식사 여부, 아침식사 시간의 여유, 저녁식사의 규칙성, 식욕, 그리고 김치, 우유, 과일, 콩의 섭취 빈도에 관한 8개 문항으로 나타나 이들을 평가표에 포함 시킬 문항으로 선정하였다. 또한 이 8개 문항에 가중치를 부여하기 위해 MAR과 단계적 회귀분석을 실시하였고 그 결과 유의수준이 0.05 미만인 4개 문항의 배점을 1점으로 낮추었다. 식습관평가표의 영양부족위험 진단기준을 설정하기 위해 MAR < 0.75를 미량영양소 섭취부족군, MAR ${\geq}$ 0.75를 적정군으로 하여 총점 분포를 살펴본 후 각 총점의 민감도, 특이도, 양성예측도를 평가하였고 이 결과에 따라 식습관평가표의 총점이 3점 이하 일 때 저위험군, $4{\sim}5$점일때 중간위험군, 6점 이상일 때 고위험군으로 결정하였다. 식습관평가표의 진단기준에 따라 본 조사대상자를 세 집단으로 분류하고 영양소섭취를 비교한 결과 에너지와 단백질은 세 집단간 대상자 분포의 유의적 차이가 없었으나, 11개의 미량영양소 중에서는 비타민 A, 티아민, 리보플라빈, 니아신, 엽산, 칼슘, 인, 철, 아연 등 9개 영양소에서 평균 필요량 미만으로 섭취한 대상자의 비율이 고위험군이 가장 높았으며, 중간위험군, 저위험군의 순으로 유의적인 차이를 나타냈다. 그러나 비타민 C의 경우 중간위험군과 고위험군 간에는 차이가 없었으며, 저위험군은 유의적으로 낮았고, 비타민 $B_6$의 경우 세 군 간에 유의적인 차이가 없었다. 본 연구에서 개발된 8문항의 식습관평가표는 복잡한 식이섭취조사를 실시하지 않고도 초등학생의 미량영양소 섭취부족 위험을 간편하게 선별할 수 있을 것으로 생각되며, 초등학생이 쉽고 간편하게 사용할 수 있으므로 이들을 대상으로 영양판정이나 영양교육을 실시할 때 활용할 수 있을 것이다. 또한 다양한 지역의 학생을 대상으로 활용하여 타당성 검토를 거치면 영양사업과 영양교육의 도구로서 유용하게 활용될 수 있을 것으로 보인다.

임신부의 5, 10-methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase (MTHFR) 유전자형과 엽산 및 비타민 $B_12$ 섭취량이 혈중 호모시스테인 수준에 미치는 영향 (The Interaction of the 5, 10-methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase (MTHFR) Polymorphism with Folate and Vitamin $B_12$ and Serum Homocysteine Concentrations in Pregnant Women)

  • 김기남;김영주;장남수
    • Journal of Nutrition and Health
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    • 제35권10호
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    • pp.1045-1052
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    • 2002
  • Hyperhomocysteinemia, resulted from an interaction between the mutation of MTHFR gene and B vitamin deficiency, is suggested as a possible cause for complications and adverse outcomes of pregnancy. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the relationship between the intakes of B vitamins and serum homocysteine concentrations with the C677T mutation in the MTHFR genotypes in 135 normal pregnant women of 24-28 weeks of gestation. Dietary intake of B vitamins did not differ among the three genotypes, but the negative correlation between dietary folate intake and the serum homocysteine level was the strongest in the T/T type (r = -0.249) than in other genotypes (C/T: r= -0.040, C/C:r= 0.126, p<0.05). Among the subject with the T/T type, the pregnant women who consumed folate less than 50% of the RDA had higher serum homocysteine levels than those who consumed folate greater than 125% of the RDA (10.4$\pm$5.9 vs 7.0$\pm$1.5 $\mu$mol/L, p<0.05). Serum homocysteine levels were higher in the women with micronutrient supplements than those with no supplements in the T/T type, but such relation was not present in the C/C or the C/T type. In conclusion, serum homocysteine concentrations were influenced by the interrelationship between the MTHFR polymorphisms and dietary folate intake or micronutrient supplementation.

Effect of Micronutrient Supplementation on the Growth of Preschool Children in China

  • Han, Junhua;Yang, Yuexin;Shao, Xiaoping;He, Mei;Bian, Lihua;Wang, Zhu
    • Nutritional Sciences
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    • 제5권3호
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    • pp.155-160
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    • 2002
  • The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of micronutrient supplementation on the growth of preschool children in China. A double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was conducted on 156 growth retarded preschool children who were randomly assigned to the following five groups : supplemental control (S-control; n=28); zinc supplementation (+Zn; 3.5mg Zn/day, n=34); zinc and calcium supplementation (+ZnCa; 3.5mg Zn + 250mg Ca/day, n=37); zinc, calcium and vitamin A supplementation (+ZnCaVA; 3.5mgZn + 250mgCa + 200gVA/day, n=28); and calcium and vitamin A supplementation (+CaVA; 250mgCa + 200gVA/day, n=29). Another 34 children of normal height were selected as a normal control (N-control). Supplementation continued for twelve months. After supplementation, the height gains in the +Zn group (7.84cm per year) and the +ZnCa group (7.70 cm per year) were significantly higher than that in the S-control group (6.74 cm per year, P<0.05). The weight gain in the +ZnCaVA group (2.55kg per year) and the +CaVA group (2.57 kg per year) was also significantly higher than that in the S-control group (2.19 kg per year, P<0.05). The average number of days of illness in each group taking supplements was lower than that in the S-control group (13 days per year compared with 23 days per year). No significant differences in bone maturity were observed between the groups. In conclusion, in this study Zinc and Zinc + Calcium supplementation improved the height gain, and vitamin A improved the weight gain, in growth retarded preschool children, but these supplements did not affect the maturity of bone. Micronutrient supplementation also lowered the morbidity of these children.