• Nutritional Sciences
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.88-92
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• 1999

The purpose of this study was to study the intake of heavy metals such af arsenic, lead and cobalt and the relationship of dietary heavy metals with serum iron, topper, and zinc, which play important roles in hematopoiesis, in healthy college women living in Choongnam Korea, where we have detected heavy metals (As, Pb, Co) in some marine products in previous studies. The nutritional status of the subjects (35 women) was evaluated by anthropometric measurements, 24-hr dietary recall for 3 days. And 3-day diets (by weighing method) and blood were collected to analyze As, Pb, Co, Fe, Cu, Zn, Hb, Hct, and MCHC. The mean age, height, weight, and BMI were 20 years, 158 cm, 55 kg and 22.42 kg/$m^2$, respectively. The mean daily energy intake was 85.85% of RDA for Koreans. The ratio of energy from carbohydrate, protein, and fat was 60 : 24 : 16. The mean daily intake of heavy metals (As, Pb, Co) was 1.77 mg/day, 75.21 $\mu$g/day and 21.12 $\mu$g/day. And the mean daily intake of iron, copper, and Zinc concentrations were 97, 68, and 92% of normal values. The mean serum heavy metals (As, Pb, Co) were 16.14 $\mu$g/dl, 4.32 $\mu\textrm{g}$/dl and 0.02 $\mu$g/dr, respectively Mean blood levels of Fe, Cu, Zn, Hb, Hct, and MCHC were at normal levels. Dietary heavy metals except Co were not significantly different from serum Fe, Cu, Zn and Hb, Hct, and MCHC. However, there was a tendency toward lower serum concentration of Fe, Hb, Hct, and MCHC in the subjects with higher heavy metals (As) intake. Among heavy metals, only dietary Co showed a significant negative correlation with Hb (p< 0.001) and Hct (p < 0.001).

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제22권9호
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• pp.1279-1287
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• 2009

Concentrated livestock production has led to soil nutrient accumulation concerns. To reduce the environmental impact, it is necessary to understand current recommended livestock feeding practices. Two experiments were conducted to compare the effects of trace mineral supplementation on performance, carcass composition, and fecal mineral excretion of phase-fed, grow-finish pigs. Crossbred pigs (Experiment 1 (Exp. 1), (n = 528); Experiment 2 (Exp. 2), (n = 560)) were housed in totally-slatted, confinement barns, blocked by weight, penned by sex, and randomly assigned to pens at approximately 18 kg BW. Treatments were allocated in a randomized complete block design (12 replicate pens per treatment) with 9 to 12 pigs per pen throughout the grow-finish period. In Exp. 1, the control diet (Io100) contained Cu as $CuSO_{4}$, Fe as $FeSO_{4}$, and Zn (of which 25% was ZnO and 75% was $ZnO_{4}$) at concentrations of 63 and 378 mg/kg, respectively. Treatment 2 (O100) contained supplemental Cu, Fe, and Zn from organic sources (Bioplex, Alltech Inc., Nicholasville, KY) at concentrations of 19, 131, and 91 mg/kg, respectively, which are the commercially recommended dietary inclusion levels for these organic trace minerals. Organic Cu, Fe, and Zn concentrations from O100 were reduced by 25% and 50% to form treatments 3 (O75) and 4 (O50-1), respectively. In Exp. 2, treatment 5 (Io25) contained 25% of the Cu, Fe, and Zn (inorganic sources) concentrations found in Io100. Treatment 6 (O50-2) was identical to the O50-1 diet from Exp. 1. Treatment 7 (O25) contained the experimental microminerals reduced by 75% from concentrations found in O100. Treatment 8 (O0) contained no trace mineral supplementation and served as a negative control for Exp. 2. In Exp. 1, tenth-rib backfat, loin muscle area and ADG did not differ (p>0.05) between treatments. Pigs fed the control diet (Io100) consumed less feed (p<0.01) compared to pigs fed diets containing organic trace minerals, thus, G:F was greater (p = 0.03). In Exp. 2, there were no differences among treatment means for loin muscle area, but pigs fed the reduced organic trace mineral diets consumed less (p<0.05) feed and tended (p = 0.10) to have less tenth-rib backfat compared to pigs fed the reduced inorganic trace mineral diet. Considering that performance and feed intake of pigs was not affected by lower dietary trace mineral inclusion, mineral excretion could be reduced during the grow-finish phase by reducing dietary trace mineral concentration.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.171-176
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• 1985

우리나라산 감자를 가정에서 행하는 조리법(調理法)에 의하여 각각 조리 하였을 때 일반성분(一般成分), 무기질(無機質)성분 및 수용성(水溶性) 비타민의 변화를 조사 비교한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. Electric oven 및 microwave로 조리하였을 때 감자중의 고형분(固形分)의 함량은 유의적(有意的)으로 증가하였고 조섬유(粗纖維)의 함량은 감소하였다. boiling, electric oven 및 microwave에 의한 조리는 감자중의 조회분(粗灰分)의 함량에 영향을 주지 않았으며, 조단백질(粗蛋白質)의 함량은 조리중 불규칙적으로 변하였다. 칼륨의 함량은 electric oven 및 microwave 조리로 증가하였고, 철의 함량은 electric oven 조리로 증가하였으며, 구리의 함량은 electric oven 및 microwave 조리로 각각 감소하였다. 그리고 감자중 macromineral에 속하는 인, 마그네슘, 칼슘의 함량과 micromineral에 속하는 아연, 망간, 닉켈, 납, 카드뮴의 함량은 본 연구에서 행한 조리법으로 변화가 없었다. 본 실험에 사용한 조리법중 microwave 조리에서 ascorbic acid의 보존률이 가장 낮았으나 thiamin의 보존률은 microwave 조리에서 가장 높았다. riboflavin과 folic acid의 보존률은 boiling 및 microwave 조리에서 서로 비슷하였으나 이 2가지 조리법이 electric oven조리법 보다 우수하였다. niacin과 비타민 $B_6$의 보존률은 사용한 조리법에서 모두 $93{\sim}100%$였다. 일반적으로 다소의 예외(例外)는 있으나 boiling 및 microwave로 조리한 감자가 electric oven으로 조리한 감자 보다 수용성(水溶性) 비타민의 보존률이 우수 하였다.