• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.659-663
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• 2008

Different statistical distribution functions were examined to find an adequate distribution function to describe the microbial contamination behavior of a Korean side dish product, seasoned soybean sprouts for different seasons and market groups. The triang distribution was the best for any market groups in winter, while the logistic distribution could describe the microbial contamination in log CFU/g for all the market groups in spring and summer. From parametric bootstrapping based on the fitted distributions, it was found that a normal distribution could describe the distribution of mean microbial count in log CFU/g for all the seasons and market groups. Statistical parameters for each season/market group are presented to estimate the confidence interval.

• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.139-145
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• 1999

The experiment was conducted to determine the effects of Plant growth and the microbial distribution in soils treated with microbial products, Mity-GroTM. The results from this experiment were as follows ; 1. Plant height of Tomato and Pepper were significantly increased at 30 days after planted in soils treated with Mity-GroTM. Therefore, treatment of microbial products, Mity-GroTM, was considered to contribute the plant growth at early stage. 2. Microbial distribution in soils treated with Mity-GroTM was significantly changed at specific mcirobial population. However, The ratio of bacteria/actinomycetes in the plot treated with Mity-GroTM was significantly enhanced.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• v.17 no.6
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• pp.1352-1356
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• 2008

Bootstrap method, a computer-intensive statistical technique to estimate the distribution of a statistic was applied to deal with uncertainty and variability of the experimental data in stochastic prediction modeling of microbial growth on a chill-stored food. Three different bootstrapping methods for the curve-fitting to the microbial count data were compared in determining the parameters of Baranyi and Roberts growth model: nonlinear regression to static version function with resampling residuals onto all the experimental microbial count data; static version regression onto mean counts at sampling times; dynamic version fitting of differential equations onto the bootstrapped mean counts. All the methods outputted almost same mean values of the parameters with difference in their distribution. Parameter search according to the dynamic form of differential equations resulted in the largest distribution of the model parameters but produced the confidence interval of the predicted microbial count close to those of nonlinear regression of static equation.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.43 no.6
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• pp.995-1001
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• 2010

Biogeography is the study of the distribution of biodiversity over space and time. We report the development of a prototype database that maps of microbial diversity in the context of the geochemical and geological environment and geographic location. It aims to reveal where organisms live, and at what abundance in nation wide. Microbial data collected from agricultural land during 1999 to 2007 were categorized for mapping with ArcGIS program. Distribution maps of bacteria, fungi, Bacillus and gram negative bacteria of agricultural land showed different patterns from each other. Microbial biomass content investigated in year of 2007 was higher than in 1999.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.237-242
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• 2003

Sequences of industrial microbial counts of foods shows irregular fluctuating patterns as adeinition of fluctuating microbial counts(FMC). Recently, it beame clear that the FMC was considered as having a lognormal distribution as a first order approximation. Application of lognormal distribution to the industrial microbial counts could produce useful information in practice. This study is intended to verift the application method of lognormal idstribution in FMC. The one year's records for microbial counts of frozen dumplings from two companies were obtained, and the statistical analysis was carried out to estimate the frequencies of future events where counts exceeding selected levels and to compare the sanitation level of the two companies. The results showed that this spplication method enable translation of irregular recourds of microbial counts into an useful information such as te actual probalities of outburst of a given level and the quantitative predictions of potential hazards in the processing.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.55 no.3
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• pp.105-111
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• 2013

Probability distribution of microbes in wastewater is a crucial factor to be determined for microbial risk assessment associated with its reuse. The objective of this study was to investigate probability distribution of an indicator microorganism in wastewater. Daily total coliform counts measured from nationwide wastewater treatment plants in 2010 by the Ministry of Environment were used for statistical analysis. Basic statistics and probability distributions were estimated in the three different spatial scales using the MS Excel software and FARD2006 model. Overall, wastewater from manure and livestock treatment plants demonstrated greater median coliform counts than from sewage and village treatment plants. Generalized logistic (GLO) and 2-parameter Weibull (WBU2) appeared to be the two probability distributions that fitted best for total coliform numbers in wastewater. The study results of microbial statistics and probability distributions would provide useful data for quantitative assessment of microbial risk from agricultural wastewater reuse.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.25-33
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• 2023

The fermentation process of kimchi, which is a traditional Korean food, influences the resulting compo- sition of microorganisms, such as the genera Leuconostoc, Weissella, and Lactobacillus. In addition, several factors, including the type of kimchi, fermentation conditions, materials, and ingredients, can influence the distribution of the kimchi microbial community. In this study, next-generation sequencing (NGS) of kimchi samples obtained from central (Gangwon-do and Gyeonggi-do) and southern (Jeolla-do and Gyeongsang-do) regions in Korea was performed, and the microbial communities in samples from the two regions were compared. Good's coverage prediction for all samples was higher than 99%, indicating that there was sufficient reliability for comparative analysis. However, in a α -diversity analysis, there was no significant difference in species richness and diversity between samples. The Firmicutes phylum was common in both regions. At the species level, Weissella kandleri dominated in central (46.5%) and southern (30.8%) regions. Linear discriminant analysis effect size (LEfSe) analysis was performed to identify biomarkers representing the microbial community in each region. The LEfSe results pointed to statistically significant differences between the two regions in community composition, with Leuconostocaceae (71.4%) dominating in the central region and Lactobacillaceae (61.0%) dominating in the southern region. Based on these results, it can be concluded that the microbial communities of kimchi are significantly influenced by regional properties and that it can provide more useful scientific data to study the relationship between regional characteristics of kimchi and their microbial distribution.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.45-51
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• 1981

The physico-chemical and biological factors of coastal sea water were measured bimonthly from 1976 to 1979 for elucidating the relationship between microbial distribution and environmental factors at Masan and Jinhae bay. The experimental results are summarized as followings : 1) The polulation size of bactriz in sea water were increasing as the water temperature increased, and that was higher at station 2 and 3 than at station 1. The number of fungi showed the highest value on July on bottom. The population size of yeast showed no seasonal variation and also showed a relation with the geographic distance. 2) The correlationship between microbial distribution and environmental factors showed little coefficiency in surface water. And the other hand, at bottom water, between general bacteria and water temperature and dissolved oxygen, and between yeast and salinity, there were relatively high coefficiecy.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.183-187
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• 1998

In order to characterize the microbial distribution at sediments of Lake Daechung, soil samples were collected at two depths of 0.5~2 cm and 19~21 cm of Chudong(static) and Hoenam(streaming) site on May 18th(before rainy season) and on August 24th in 1998(after rainy season), and then the density(CFU/g soil) of microorganisms including bacteria, actinomycetes, and fungi was investigated by the viable cell counting method. Microbial density at streaming site was on the whole 3.9-fold higher than that at static site. Bacterial densities examined before and after rainy season was revealed to be similar, whereas actinomycetes and fungi exhibited higher distribution after and before rainy season, respectively. The microbial distribution was not generally reduced with the increase of depth and was rather higher at some deep sites. On comparing with the microbial densities of grass land around the lake, bacteria, actinomycetes, and fungi at lake sediments on the average showed the distribution of 52.9%, 35%, and 7%, respectively. However, their distribution except for fungi which exhibited 71.2% was mostly found to be somewhat higher than at the shore of lake.

• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.254-264
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• 2022

Built in the 6th and 7th centuries during the Baekje period, the Buyeo Royal Tombs consist of seven tombs, including Tomb No. 1, which contains murals. To preserve Tomb No. 1 from damage caused by microorganisms, periodic microbial-distribution investigations are conducted. Following such investigations in August 2016, June 2018, and November 2019, the microbes were classified according to the investigation period, location of collection, and space. This study compares and analyzes the results. The concentration of airborne microorganisms in Tomb No. 1 and the number of microbial genera identified in each space of the tomb decreased as proximity to the main room with murals diminished. During the investigation period, the genera Bacillus, Cladosporium, Penicillium, and Streptomyces were commonly identified on Tomb No. 1. The microorganisms collected from the main room walls were mostly isolated from the east and west walls where the genera Bacillus, Cupriavidus, Paenibacillus, Pseudomonas, and Streptomyces were commonly identified in three or more walls. In particular, the genus Streptomyces is a dangerous strain capable of damaging murals by penetrating into and discoloring the pigments on them. The data generated from this study may be useful for future research on microbial distribution in other domestic mural tombs and those located in North Korea and abroad.