• 한국주조공학회지
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• 제28권6호
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• pp.268-272
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• 2008

Interfacial characteristics of aluminum borate whisker reinforced AS52 matrix composite was investigated. Peak hardness of AS52 composite was obtained aging at $170^{\circ}C$ for 15h and the aging process was accelerated by the presence of the aluminium borate whisker. The MgO layer, which was the interfacial reaction product between the reinforcement and the Mg matrix, was produced with 20 nm thickness in as-cast condition. As the aging time increased, the thickness of the interfacial reaction layer increased to 50 nm in peak aged condition. The nano-indentation test results indicated that the strength of interface was improved by the aging but over-aging degraded the reinforcement and decreased the interfacial strength which resulted in the decrease of overall composite strength.

• 한국표면공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국표면공학회 2011년도 춘계학술대회 및 Fine pattern PCB 표면 처리 기술 워크샵
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• pp.44-44
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• 2011

마그네슘 합금은 낮은 비중의 경량화 금속 소재이며, 주로 주조 주조재 형태로 상당한 기간 활용되어 왔으며, 최근에는 포스코에서 AZ31 합금으로 판재를 생산하면서 판재상의 마그네슘 소재의 응용이 본격화되고 있다. 포스코에서 판재로 생산되는 합금은 AZ31합금이 주종이며, AZ61 합금의 경우도 일부 생산이 시도되고 있으며, 향후 다양한 합금의 판재의 개발이 진행될 예정이다. 마그네슘 합금은 화학적 활성이 커서 내식성 확보를 위한 표면처리가 필수적이며, 내식성의 확보가 상업적 적용을 위하여 필수적이다. 기존의 마그네슘 합금의 표면처리 방법은 주로 AZ91D의 다이캐스팅재에 집중되어 왔으며, 포스코에서 생산되는 AZ31의 스트립 캐스팅재의 표면처리는 합금의 차이로 인하여 새롭게 공정이 개발되어야 한다. AZ31 마그네슘 합금 판재는 경량화가 요구되는 분야에 사용되는 것을 목표로 설계되어 상업화가 추진되고 있으며, 이의 적용을 위해서는 마그네슘 판재의 내부식성을 제어하는 표면처리 공정이 필수적이다. 표면처리에서는 강판 및 알루미늄판재의 표면처리 공정에 이용되는 화성처리-전착도장 공정에 따라야 하겠지만, 산 용액에 매우 취약한 마그네슘 소재의 특성상 같은 처리 조건을 적용하기 어렵다. AZ31 마그네슘의 합금의 표면처리에서 자동차 공정에 적합한 화성처리는 본격적으로 연구되어 있지 않으며, 합금의 차이에 따른 표면거동이 다른 경향을 보인다. 자동차용 표면처리에서 AZ31에 적합한 화성처리 단일 공정을 확보하는 것이 중요하며, 또한 Al-Mg, Mg-Mg계 등 시스템 구성에 따른 연구개발이 필요할 것이다. 본 발표에서는 AZ31 판재를 이용한 자동차 부품 가공에서 고려하여야 하는 표면처리 이슈에 대하여 논하고자 한다.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제25권6호
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• pp.685-692
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• 2017

In this study, the effect of various adhesively bonded composite patches on mechanical properties of notched Al-Mg alloy plates was analyzed. For this purpose firstly, the un-notched and notched specimens were fabricated from 5086 Al-Mg alloys which have been used in armor-plated military vehicles. The surface notches as a flaw were machined with circular cutting tool to form notch aspect ratio a/c=0.15 and notch-to-thickness ratios a/t=0.5 in the radial direction on the test specimens. Then, various composite patches which reinforced by glass, carbon and Kevlar fibers were bonded adhesively at elliptically surface notches. Finally, experimental measurements conducted by applying tensile static loading. The experimental results showed that repairing with composite patches with order of carbon, glass and Kevlar fibers have remarkable effect on tensile strength of the notched plate. Also the finite element models were developed using Abaqus/Explicit code to predict the tensile strength and elongation of unrepaired notched specimen and specimen repaired by carbon fiber composite patch. The comparison between numerical and experimental results showed good agreement between them and proved the accuracy of numerical modeling.

• 열처리공학회지
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• 제36권4호
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• pp.198-205
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• 2023

We investigated the effects of Al and Mg on the microstructure and hardness of the coating layer of galvanized steel sheets, by thermodynamic calculations, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and Vickers hardness tests of Zn-0.2Al, Zn-6Al-2Mg, and Zn-10Al-5Mg coating layers. Regardless of the alloy composition of the galvanizing bath, a Fe-Al layer was observed between the coating layer and steel sheet. The Zn-0.2Al coating layer consists of major h.c.p. Zn phase and minor f.c.c. Al phase. The fraction of f.c.c. Al phase (containing a significant amount of Zn) of the coating layer increases with increasing the chemical composition of Al of the galvanizing bath. The h.c.p. MgZn₂ phase was formed in the Al/Mg-containing Zn-6Al-2Mg and Zn-10Al-5Mg coating layers, forming Zn-Al-MgZn₂ eutectic microstructure. The primary MgZn₂ phase was additionally formed in the Zn-10Al-5Mg coating layers containing high concentrations of Al and Mg. The Vickers hardness values of Zn-0.2Al, Zn-6Al-2Mg, and Zn-10Al-5Mg coating layers were 59.1 ± 1.2 HV, 161.2 ± 5.7 HV, and 215.5 ± 40.3 HV, respectively. The addition of Al and Mg increased the hardness of the coating layer by increasing the fraction of the Al phase (containing Zn) and MgZn₂ intermetallic compound, which were harder than the Zn phase.

• 해양환경안전학회지
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• 제18권6호
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• pp.569-576
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• 2012

일반적으로 중성용액 하에서 알루미늄 합금은 부동태피막($Al_2O_3$나 $Al_2O_3{\cdot}3H_2O$)을 형성한다. 그러나, 해수 환경에서 염소이온이 표면에 생성된 부동태 피막을 파괴하여 부식이 발생하게 된다. 본 연구에서는 해수환경 하에서 부식 문제점을 해결하기 위해 Al-4.5%Mg-0.6%Mn 알루미늄 합금에 대하여 정전위 방식 기술을 적용하였다. 분극실험결과, 개로전위보다 귀한 전위에서는 활성 용해 반응이 나타났으며 개로전위 보다 비한 전위에서는 용존산소 환원에 의한 농도 분극과 활성화 분극이 관찰되었다. 정전위 실험결과, 농도 분극에서 활성화 분극으로 전환되는 전위부터 적용 시간이 증가할수록 전착물이 많이 생성되었으며, 부분적으로 전착물과 모재의 계면사이에서 틈부식이 관찰되었다. 전체적으로 정전위 양극분극실험시, 활성용해반응이 발생하여 정전위 방식 기술을 적용하기 어려운 반면, 정전위 음극분극 실험시 방식 전위인 농도분극 범위내에서 적용 시간을 고려하여 최적 방식 조건을 -1.1 V~-0.75 V로 규명하였다.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• 제48권5호
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• pp.603-608
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• 2010

퇴적금속분체의 입경 변화에 따른 화염전파 거동과 발화특성을 자체 제작한 실험장치와 열중량분석 시험장치를 활용하여 조사하였다. 이를 위하여 평균입경이 다른 Mg, Ti를 포함한 Zr, Ta, Mg-Al(90:10 wt%)의 금속분진과 PMMA 시료를 사용하였다. 그 결과, 금속 퇴적층의 두께가 5 mm 이상의 경우에는 화염전파속도의 퇴적층 두께에 대한 의존성이 나타나지 않았다. 평균 입경이 작을수록 Ti는 화염전파속도가 증가하지만 Mg의 경우에는 화염전파속도가 감소하였다. 평균입경 $51{\mu}m$에 있어서 Mg퇴적분체는 Mg-Al(90:10%wt)합금 퇴적분체에 비하여 화염전파속도가 약 50%가 감소하였다. 본 연구에서 조사한 금속분체 산화물층 두께는 화염전파속도와 반비례하는 경향을 보였으며 입경 변화에 따른 영향은 나타나지 않았다. 또한 Ti와 Mg의 열중량 분석시험 결과, Mg는 $550^{\circ}C$, Ta는 $578^{\circ}C$에서 발화에 의한 연소로 판단되는 중량 증가가 관찰되었다.

• 한국초전도ㆍ저온공학회논문지
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.15-19
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• 2003

For the purpose of standardization of the critical current measurement, it is meaningful to describe how $I_{c}$ will behave as the stress/strain level changes. In this study, strain dependencies of the critical current $I_{c}$ in Ag-alloy sheathed multifilamentary Bi(2212) and Bi(2223) superconducting tapes were evaluated at 77K, 0T. The external reinforcement was accomplished by soldering AgMgNi alloy tapes onto single or both sides of the sample. With the external reinforcement to the Bi(2212) tape, the strength of the tapes increased but the critical current at the strain free state, $I_{c0}$ decreased in some cases. The strain for onset of the $I_{c}$ degradation, $\varepsilon$$_{\irr}$, increased with an increase of the reinforcing volume and then saturated to a certain value. The effect of external reinforcement on the degradation of $I_{c}$ due to the bending strain in the Bi(2223) tape was also examined. Contrary to the expectation, it showed a significant $I_{c}$ degradation even at a small strain of 0.4 %. The observations of damage morphologies gave a good explanation to the $I_{c}$ behavior.c/ behavior.r.

• 한국생산제조학회지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.270-278
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• 2009

Friction stir welding is a relatively new solid state joining process. A6061-T6 and A5052-H32 aluminium alloy has gathered wide acceptance in the fabrication of light weight structures requiring a high strength to weight ratio and good corrosion resistance. This friction stir process uses a non-consumable tool to generate frictional heat in the abutting surfaces. The welding parameters such as tool rotational speed, welding speed, etc., and tool pin profile play a major role in deciding FSP zone formation in A6061-T6 and A5052-H32 aluminium alloy. Three different tool pin profiles have been used to fabricate the dissimilar butt joints. The formation of friction stir processed zone has been analysed macroscopically. Tensile properties of the joints have been evaluated and correlated with the friction stir processed zone formation.

• 열처리공학회지
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• 제28권6호
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• pp.315-321
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• 2015

Friction stir processing (FSP) was applied to fabricate AZ31/CNT (Carbon Nano Tube) surface composite for improvement of surface hardness of AZ31 Mg-based alloy. The effects of traverse speed of rotating tool and volume fraction of CNT (i.e., groove depth of 3 mm and 4 mm) on the soundness and hardness of the composite layer were investigated. Multi-walled CNTs were fully filled in a machined groove and stirring tool was rotated at the speed of 1400 rpm. Only under the tool traverse speed of 25 mm/min for the specimen with a groove depth of 3 mm, surface composite layer with no defect was successfully produced. Increased hardness of about 35% was observed in the composite layer.

• 한국주조공학회지
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.65-74
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• 2012

In this paper, we present the results of our studies on optimal die design towards development of a vacuum die casting process to fabricate fuel cell bipolar plate with micro-channel array. Cavity and overflow shape is designed by computational filling analysis of MAGMA soft. Optimal die design consists of seven overflows at the end of cavity and three overflows at each side wall of cavity. The molten metal that passed the gate and reached the side wall flowed into the side overflow, no turbulent flow occurred, and the filling behavior and velocity distribution were uniform. In addition, partially solidified molten metal passing through the channel was perfectly eliminated by overflow without back-flow. When vacuum pressure, injection speed of low and high region was 300 mbar, 0.3 m/s and 2.5 m/s respectively with Silafont 36 die casting alloy, sound sample without casting defects was obtained. The experimental results are nearly consistent with simulation results.