• 마이크로전자및패키징학회지
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.39-50
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• 1996

본 연구에선 주어진 조성의 알루미나 green sheet에 대하여 텅스텐의 입경 및 산화 물의 조성을 변화시키므로써 수축률을 제어하여 camber를최소화하여 결합강도를 최대로 하 는 텅스텐 페스트조성을 찾아내는 것을 목적으로 하였다. 본 실험에서 사용한 텅스텐 분말 의 입경은 0.35$\mu$m, 0.6$\mu$m, 0.72$\mu$m, $1.5\mu$m, 1.9$\mu$m, 3.2$\mu$m이며 frit는 Al2O3, MgO, SiO2 와 Al2O3, CaO, SiO2를 사용하여 각각의 조성에 따라 함량을 변화시키며 실험하였다. 소성 은 154$0^{\circ}C$로 습윤 수소분위기에서 시행하였으며 사용된 알루미나 green sheet의 알루미나 중심 입경은 2.8$\mu$m이었다. 분석은 주사전자 현미경으로 미세구조를 관찰하였고 EPMA Line Profile로 원소 분석을 하였으며 잔류응력을 측정하기 위하여 XRD분석을 하였다. Frit 을 함유하지 않은 경우 텅스텐 분말의 입경이 1.9$\mu$mdlfEo 최대 접합 강도를 나타내었다. Frit을 함유한 경우 Mgo계 frit조성에서는 MgO/Al2O3/SiO3=1/1/1일 때 CaO계 frot 조성에 서는 CaO/Al2O3/SiO2=1/2/1일 때 최대 접합 강도를 나타내었다. Frit 함량을 변화시킨 경우 MgO계는 10wt%함유하였을 때 CaO 계는 5wt%함유하였을 때 최대 접합강도를 나타내었 다. Frit 함량을 변화시킨 경우 MgO계는 10wt%함유하였을 때, CaOr계는 5wt%함유하였을 때 최대 접합강도를 나타내었다.

• 한국결정성장학회지
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.156-159
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• 2007

본 연구에서는 장파장 UV 영역하에서 비교적 우수한 발광강도를 가지는 적색 형광체를 얻기 위하여 고상법으로 합성하여 발광특성을 관찰하였다. $SrAl_{12}O_{19}:Mn^{4+}$ 적색 형광체의 발광강도는 $Mn^{4+}$의 $^2E\to^4A_2$ 천이 때문에 643, 656, 666, 671 nm에서 4개의 sharp한 peak이 $600{\sim}700 nm $의 영역에서 발생하였으며, 여기 스펙트럼은 $250{\sim}550 nm$ 넓은 영역에서 338, 398, 468nm 3개의 peak이 발생하였다. 또한 $SrAl_{12}O_{19}:Mn^{4+}$에 0.67mol% MgO를 함유한 $SrAl_{12}O_{19}:Mn^{4+}$의 상대적인 발광강도는 $SrAl_{12}O_{19}:Mn^{4+}$ 보다 약 30% 정도 증가하였는데, 이러한 원인은 MgO가 첨가되어 $Al_2O_3$ 부분에 대체되어진 것으로 사료된다. 또한, 발광강도를 향상시키기 위하여 0.67mol% MgO를 함유한 $SrAl_{12}O_{19}:Mn^{4+}$ 시료에 $CaF_2$를 첨가하였다. 0.67mol% $CaF_2$와 0.67mol% MgO를 함유한 $SrAl_{12}O_{19}:Mn^{4+}$의 656nm에서의 상대적인 발광강도는 융제를 첨가하지 않은 $SrAl_{12}O_{19}:Mn^{4+}$보다 약 48% 이상 증가하였다.

• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제29권3B호
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• pp.303-310
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• 2009

천연 제올라이트는 효과적인 다공성 구조와 높은 양이온 교환능력을 가지고 있을 뿐 만 아니라 비교적 저렴한 가격으로 인하여 흡착제 및 생물막 담체 등으로 널리 사용되는 물질이다. 본 연구에서는 천연 제올라이트를 이용한 생물막 형성시 제올라이트에 흡착된 금속 양이온$(Na^+,\;Ca^{2+},\;Mg^{2+},\;Al^{3+})$이 미생물의 흡착량에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지에 대하여 검토하였다. 본 실험을 위하여 천연 제올라이트의 양이온 교환능력(cation exchange capacity; CEC)의 10%, 20%, 100%를 금속 양이온으로 치환하여 개질시킨 Metal-modified zeolite(MMZ)를 사용하였고 미생물은 Pseudomonas putida를 계대배양하여 사용하였다. 미생물 흡착실험 결과 MMZ로의 미생물의 흡착량이 천연 제올라이트로의 흡착량 보다 일반적으로 증가하는 경향을 나타내었다. 즉, 10% CEC의 경우 미생물의 흡착량은 $Mg^{2+}>natural>Na^+>Al^{3+}>Ca^{2+}$, 20% CEC의 경우 $Mg^{2+}>Ca^{2+}>Al^{3+}>natural>Na^+$, 100%의 CEC의 경우 $Ca^{2+}>Mg^{2+}>natural>Al^{3+}>Na^+$의 흡착량을 나타내었다. 특히, 마그네슘으로 개질된 Mg-modified zeolite(Mg-MZ)의 경우 가장 높은 미생물 흡착량을 보였으며 10% CEC로 개질한 경우 천연 제올라이트보다 60% 이상 증가된 흡착량을 나타내었다. 그러나 제올라이트에 흡착된 양이온의 양이 증가할수록 미생물의 흡착량은 감소되는 경향을 나타내었는데, 즉, 10% CEC Mg-MZ의 경우 미생물의 흡착 증가량이 60% 이상이었으나 20% CEC의 경우 50%, 100% CEC의 경우 10%로 흡착 증가량이 감소되었다. 또한 제올라이트에 흡착된 $Mg^{2+}$와 수용액 상에 존재하는 $Mg^{2+}$가 미생물의 흡착량에 미치는 영향을 비교한 결과 제올라이트에 흡착될 수 있는 미생물의 최대흡착량은 큰 차이가 없는 것으로 조사되었다.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제22권12호
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• pp.1651-1660
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• 2013

The adsorption of lithium ion onto zeolite was investigated depending on contact time, initial concentration, cation forms, pH, and adsorption isotherms by employing batch adsorption experiment. The zeolite was converted into different forms such $K^+$, $Na^+$, $Mg^{2+}$, $Ca^{2+}$, and $Al^{3+}$. The zeolite had the higher adsorption capacity of lithium ion in $K^+$ form followed by $Na^+$, $Ca^{2+}$, $Mg^{2+}$, and $Al^{3+}$ forms, which was in accordance with their elctronegativities. The lithium ion adsorption was explained using the Langmuir, Freundlich, and Dubinin-Radushkevich adsorption isotherms and kinetic models. Adsorption rate of lithium ion by zeolite modified in $K^+$ form was controlled by pseudo-second-order and particle diffusion kinetic models. The maximum adsorption capacity obtained from Langmuir isotherm was 17.0 mg/g for zeolite modified in $K^+$ form. The solution pH influenced significantly the lithium ions adsorption capacity and best results were obtained at pH 5-10.

• 한국세라믹학회지
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• 제31권6호
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• pp.651-659
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• 1994

BaTiO3 ceramics were sintered on Al2O3, MgAl2O4, MgO and Mg-, Ca-, Y-stabilized zirconia setters. Then the influence of setters on the microstructure of BaTiO3 ceramics and the stability of setters were investigated by SEM, EDAX and XRD analyses. The microstructure of BaTiO3 ceramics sintered on Al2O3, MgAl2O4, MgO and Mg-PSZ showed large grain growth, but little grain growth on Ce-TZP(Tetragonal Zirconia Policrystal). Mg-PSZ(Partially Stabilized Zirconia), Ca-PSZ, Ce-TZP setters showed extensive phase transformation. Y-TZP and fused Y-SZ (Stabilized Zirconia) setters were stable. The liquid sintering aids of BaTiO3 ceramics accelerate mass transport. The reaction of SrTiO3 in BaTiO3 with ZrO2 resulted in the formation of SrZrO3.

• 열처리공학회지
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.53-59
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• 2021

Due to high specific strength and low density, AZ series magnesium alloys have been receiving high interest as a lightweight material. However, their industrial application is limited due to the phenomenon that the strength decreases at elevated temperature by the occurrence of softening effect because of the Mg17Al12 phase decomposition. To solve this problem, many research were conducted to increase the high-temperature strength by forming a thermal stable second-phase component by adding new elements to the AZ magnesium. Especially, adding Ca to AZ magnesium has been reported that Ca forms the new second-phase. However, studies about the analysis of decomposition or precipitation temperature, formation composition, and components to understand the formation behavior of these precipitated phases are still insufficient. Therefore, the effect of Ca addition to AZ61 on the phase change and microstructure of the alloy during annealing was investigated. As a result of analysis of the initial and heat-treated specimen, AZ61 formed α-Mg matrix and precipitated phase of Mg17Al12, and AZX611 formed one more type of precipitated phase, Al2Ca. Also, Al2Ca was thermal stable at high temperatures. And after annealing, the laves phase was decomposed to under 10 ㎛ size and distributed in matrix.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• 제28권6호
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• pp.389-393
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• 2005

황산용액을 첨가하여 인위적으로 산성화시킨 화강암 풍화 모재의 갈색 산림 토양에 2-1 소나무(Pinus densiflora) 묘목을 이식하고, 1998년 4월 29일부터 9월 22일까지 21주 동안 온실에서 생육시킨 후 건물생장량과 토양 pH, Al, Mn 농도 또는 염기성 양이온 몰비 사이의 관계를 조사한 결과, 토양내 $H^+$ 부하량의 증가는 토양중 Al 농도의 증가를 초래하였다. 소나무 묘목의 건물 생장량은 토양의 Al 농도가 높아짐에 따라 감소하였다. 토양의 (Ca+Mg+K)/Al 몰비와 건물 생장량 사이에는 유의적인 정의 상관관계(r=0.97, p<0.01)가 있었으며, 몰비가 1.0인 경우에 약50%의 건물 생장량의 감소가 발생하였다. 이들의 결과는 산성 강하물에 의한 토양 산성화가 수목에 미치는 영향을 평가할 때, 토양의 Al과 같은 유해금속의 변화를 고려할 필요가 있으며, (Ca+Mg+K)/Al 몰비는 산성 강하물의 삼림생태계 피해예측을 위한 한계 부하량의 평가에 있어 중요한 지표가 될 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국세라믹학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국세라믹학회 2000년도 추계총회,초청강연,특별강연,연구발표회
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• pp.131.1-131
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• 2000

• 한국재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국재료학회 1997년도 한국재료학회 추계학술발표회
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• pp.92-92
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• 1997

• 고려인삼학회:학술대회논문집
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• 고려인삼학회 2008년도 춘계 학술대회
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• pp.74-75
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• 2008

This study is for geochemical relationships between ginsengs and soils from three representative soil types from Keumsan, shale, phyllite and granite. For these study, ginsengs, with the field and weathered soils were collected from the three regions, and are analysed for the major and trace elements. In the weathered soils(avg.), the granite and phyllite areas are high in the most of elements while the shale area is low. In the correlation coefficients, negative correlations are shown in the $Al_2O_3$-MgO pair while positive correlations, are shown in the Ba-Sr, Zr, Sr-Zr and Cs-Ge pairs. In the field soils(avg.), the granite and phyllite areas are, generally, high in the most of elements while the shale area is low. In the shale area, the major elements are high in the 4 year soils, but low in the 2 year soils. The LFS(Ba, Sr, Cs) and transitional elements are high in the 2 year soils, but low in the 4 year soils. The HFS(Y, Zr) is high in the 4 year soils. In the correlation coefficients, most of the elements from the 4 year show positive relationships. Positive correlations are shown in the $Al_2O_3$-CaO, MnO-MgO, V-Tl, and Ba-Sr pairs in all localities. In the ginseng contents, clear chemical differences with the ages are shown in the shale and granite ares, but not clear in the phyllite area. In the shale area Mn, Mg, Ba, Sr, and Y contents, increase with ages but decrease in Al, Cs, Be and Cd. In the correlation coefficients, degrees of the correlations for the major elements become low with the ages. Positive correlations are shown in the Al-Mn, Ti, Mn-Ti, Mg-Ca, Ca-K, Ba-Cs, Y and Cs-Y pairs. Comparisons with ginsengs of the same ages from the different areas suggest that generally, the 2 years in the shale and 3 and 4 years in the granite area are distinctive. Relative ratios(granite/ shale area) of the ginsengs are below 1 in the major elements except Mn in the 2 year ginsengs and above 1 in the other elements except Mg and Na in the 4 year. Relative ratios(granite/ phyllite area) of the ginsengs are high in the 3 year from the phyllite area. In the relative ratios(weathered/field soils) of the soils, numbers of the elements showing the ratios of above 1 increase from the shale, to phyllite and granite in the case of the major elements, but decrease in the case of the trace elements. These results suggest that major elements are high in the granite while trace elements are high in the shale area. In the relative ratios between field soils and ginsengs(field soils/ginseng), the shale area, regardless of the ages, show differences of several hundred times in the $Al_2O_3$, $TiO_2$, Y and Tl, of several ten times in the MnO, MgO and Ba and of several times in the CaO contents. These results suggest that ginseng contents are significantly different from the field soils in the $Al_2O_3$, $TiO_2$, Y and Tl, but similar in the CaO contents. The phyllite area, regardless of the ages, show differences of several hundred times in the $Al_2O_3$, $TiO_2$, Y, Tl and Be, of several ten times in the MnO, MgO, $Na_2O$ and Ba, and of several times to ten times in the CaO, $K_2O$ and Sr contents. These results suggest that ginseng contents are significantly different from those of the field soils in the $Al_2O_3$, $TiO_2$, Y, Tl and Be, but similar in the CaO, $K_2O$ and Sr contents. The granite area, regardless of the ages, show differences of several hundred times in the $Al_2O_3$, $TiO_2$, Tl and Be, of several ten times in the Ba, and of several times to ten times in the MgO and CaO contents. Of the other elements, differences of several times to ten times are shown in the MnO, $K_2O$ and Sr contents. These results suggest that ginseng contents are significantly different from those of the field soils in the $Al_2O_3$, $TiO_2$, Tl and Be, but similar in the $K_2O$ and Sr contents. Comparisons among the different ages from the same area suggest that, in the case of shale area, differences of several hundred times in the $Al_2O_3$ and $TiO_2$, of the several ten times in the MnO, MgO and Ba and several times in the CaO and $K_2O$ are shown in the 2 year ginsengs. Differences of several hundred times in the $Al_2O_3$, $TiO_2$, Cs, Y, Tl and Be, of above several ten times in the MnO, MgO, $K_2O$ and Ba, and of several times in the CaO and Sr are shown in the 3 year ginsengs. Differences of several hundred to thousand times in the $Al_2O_3$, of above several hundred times in the $TiO_2$, Cs and Y, and of several ten times in the MnO, MgO, $K_2O$ and Ba, and of several times in the $Na_2O$ are shown in the 4 year ginsengs. These relationships suggest that, regardless of the localities in the shale area, $Al_2O_3$ contents of the soils show big differences from those of the ginsengs. Regardless of the ages of ginsengs, comparisons with the overall average contents of each area show differences of several hundred times in the $Al_2O_3$, $TiO_2$, Cs and Tl and of several ten times in the MnO. These overall relationships suggest that the $Al_2O_3$, $TiO_2$, Cs and Tl contents of the soils are higher than those of the ginsengs, show big differences between two and low different contents are found in the MnO. In detail, differences of several hundred times in the Y, and ten times in the MgO and Sr, and of several times in the CaO, $Na_2O$, $K_2O$ in the case of shale area, are shown. These results suggest that the soils are higher than the ginsengs in the Y and significantly differences in Y, and moderately differences in the MgO and Sr, and low differences in the CaO, $Na_2O$ and $K_2O$ are shown between soils and ginsengs.