• 제목/요약/키워드: Methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)

검색결과 308건 처리시간 0.025초

Antibiotic Resistance Patterns of Staphylococcus aureus and Methicillin Resistant S. aureus Isolated from the Specimen of Elementary School Students

  • Kim Tae-Un;Kim Dae-Hyun;Kim Yun-Tae
    • 대한의생명과학회지
    • /
    • 제11권4호
    • /
    • pp.525-531
    • /
    • 2005
  • Staphylococcus aureus is a major cause of nosocomial infections and is one of the most commonly isolated bacterial species in the hospital and continues to be an important pathogen in both community and hospital-acquired infection. Methicillin resistant S. aureus (MRSA), which is associated with hospitals is now being isolated in the community. The purpose of this study is to investigate the carrier rate of S. aureus in the community, antibiotic resistance patterns of the organism, detection of MRSA and mecA gene in MRSA. Ninety strains $(46.4\%)$ of S. aureus were isolated from the nasal specimens of 194 elementary school students. Eighty-nine strains $(98.9\%)$ of 90 S. aureus were resistant to penicilin, 36 strains $(40.0\%)$ to erythromycin, 14 strains $(15.6\%)$ to fusidic acid, 11 strains $(12.2\%)$ to gentamycin, 9 strains $(10.0\%)$ to tobramycin, 5 strains $(5.6\%)$ to oxacillin, 4 strains $(4.4\%)$ to clindamycin, 2 strains $(2.2\%)$ to tetracycline, 1 strains $(1.1\%)$ to fosfomycin. None of $90(0\%)$ S. aureus isolates was resistant to ciprpfloxacin, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, levofloxacin, linezolid, moxifloxacin, nitrofurantoin, norfloxacin, rifampicin, quinupristin/dalfopristin, teicoplanin, and vancomycin. Five strains $(5.6\%)$ of 90 S. aureus isolates were MRSA. The mecA gene was detected from five MRSA strains by PCR.

  • PDF

원유시료 중 메티실린 내성 황색포도알균의 분포 및 내성 유전자 특성 분석 (Prevalence and Molecular Characterization of Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Isolated from Raw Milk Samples in Gyeonggi-do, Korea)

  • 강소원;송영천;최성숙
    • 한국식품위생안전성학회지
    • /
    • 제29권3호
    • /
    • pp.223-227
    • /
    • 2014
  • 원유시료에서 분리한 methicillin 내성 황색포도알균의 분표율과 내성유전자의 분석을 분자수준에서의 실시하였다. 총 698종의 원유시료에서 286개의 포도알균속 세균을 Staphylococcus Medium 110을 이용하여 분리 후 Vitek 2 system을 이용하여 동정한 결과 94개의 황색포도알균을 확인하였다. 94개의 황색포도알균 중 총 7개의 균에서 methicillin 내성 mecA 유전자가 존재함을 확인하였다. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)로 확인된 7 균주에 대해 수종의 항생제에 대한 감수성 시험, staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec) typing, 및 병독소유전자인 Panton-Valentine Leukocidin (pvl)유전자를 분석하였다. 그 결과 7종의 mecA 양성 MRSA 모두 ampicillin과 oxacillin에 내성이었으며 teicoplanin, vancomycin 및 ciprofloxacin에는 모두 감수성임을 확인하였다. 한편 SCCmec typing결과 7균 중 1균주는 SCCmec type II로 확인되었고 6균주는 SCCmec type IV로 확인되었으며 병독소 유전자인 pvl유전자는 검출되지 않았다.

Photodynamic Therapy for Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus Using Various Photosensitizer

  • ;조윤경
    • 대한의생명과학회지
    • /
    • 제15권3호
    • /
    • pp.233-239
    • /
    • 2009
  • The aim of this study was to evaluate the photodynamic effect of various photosensitizing agents against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). MRSA was exposed to light from a 632 urn diode laser (15 J/$cm^2$) in the presence of various photosensitizer, such as photofrin, photogem, radachlorine and ALA. In vivo study was performed using ICR mice. Twenty eight mice had a standard wound ($100\;mm^2$) created on the dorsum, and MRSA was inoculated into the wound region. The four groups were classified as follows: (1) the untreated control group (bacteria alone), (2) the bacteria plus light group (15 J/$cm^2$), (3) the bacteria plus photofrin group (kept in the dark), and (4) the photodynamic therapy (PDT) group (bacteria, photofrin, and light). After photofrin (dose 1 mg/kg) injection, the experimental group was irradiated with 632 urn diode laser (15 J/$cm^2$) for 30 minutes after In vitro results of PDT showed the complete killing of MRSA at the photofrin, radachlorine, and photogem However, ALA-PDT was ineffective on MRSA viability. In vivo results showed that photofrin has therapeutic effect on the wound infection. These results demonstrate that selective lethal photosensitization of MRSA can be achieved using phofrin, photogem and radachlorin. Thus, PDT can inactivate MRSA survival.

  • PDF

신경외과 중환자실에서의 MRSA 획득 위험요인 분석 (Risk Factors for Acquisition of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus in a Neurosurgical Intensive Care Unit(NSICU): Case-Control Study)

  • 신용순;임난영
    • 기본간호학회지
    • /
    • 제12권3호
    • /
    • pp.395-403
    • /
    • 2005
  • Purpose: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a major nosocomial pathogen in the intensive care units (ICUS). The purpose of this case-control study is to identify risk factors for acquisition of MRSA during ICU stays in patients with and without MRSA. Method: The study was conducted in a 16 beds-neurosurgical intensive care unit of a 2200-bed tertiary care university hospital in Seoul, Korea. Medical record and Critical Classification Scoring System were reviewed retrospectively in patients who were admitted more than 3 days from August 1, 2003 to May 30, 2004. Cases and controls were matched for age and gender. The obtained specimens were nasal swab and sputum. Result: There were 950 patients' admissions during the period. Among them, MRSA was isolated from twenty-three patients who were considered as hospital acquired. Artificial airway (p=.045), frequency of suction (p=.002), nasogastric tube (p=.004), wound drain (p=.045), and vancomycin (p=.019) were risk factors for MRSA acquisition in univariate analysis. Frequency of suction (p=.012, OR 3.5) was revealed as the only risk factor in multivariate conditional logistic regression. Conclusion: Our findings give support to recent studies that suggest that frequent physical contact maγ increase the nosocomial acquisition of MRSA in a neurosurgical ICU.

  • PDF

약용식물의 항생제 내성균주에 대한 항균활성 (Antimicrobial Effect of Medicinal Plants against Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA))

  • 지영주;이지원;이인선
    • 생명과학회지
    • /
    • 제17권3호통권83호
    • /
    • pp.412-419
    • /
    • 2007
  • 본 연구는 병원 내 감염의 주된 원인균으로 알려진 황색 포도상구균(Staphylococcus aureus : S. aureus)와 항생제 내성구균 (Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus : MRSA)에 대해 항균활성이 우수한 천연 항균성 물질을 검색하기 위해 예로부터 민간과 한방에서 널리 이용되어 온 38종의 약용식물을 메탄올에 추출하여 항균활성을 조사해 보았다. MRSA에 대해 항균력 검색을 한 결과 세신, 황련, 호장근, 미역취씨 순으로 높은 항균활성이 나타났다. MRSA로 선별된 4종의 약용식물에 대해 농도와 배지를 다르게 하여 항균력을 측정한 결과 완전 배지인 TSA 배지에서 항균력을 측정한 결과 세신이 고농도인 5 mg/disc에서 S. aureus, MRSA 에 대해각각 21 mm, 19 mm로 우수한 항균력을 보였고, 미역취씨를제외한 3종의 약용식물은 S. aureus에서 MRSA보다 높은 항균력을 보였으며 미역취씨의 경우 두 균주 모두에서 효과가 나타나지 않았다. MSA 배지에서는 4종의 약용식물 모두 TSA 배지보다 높은 저해율을 보였고 특히 세신이 5 mg/disc 농도에서 S. aureus을 30 mm에 가까운 아주 우수한 항균력을 보였으며, 낮은 농도에서도 20 mm이상의 저해를 보였다. 미역취씨의 경우 TSA 배지에서는 항균력을 나타내지 않았으나 MSA배지의 경우 2.5 mg/disc의 낮은 농도에서도 두 균주 모두에서 10 mm이상을 저해하는 항균력을 보였다. 또한 4종의 약용식물을 서로 혼합하였을 경우 항균효과를 측정한 결과 TSA배지의 경우 두 균주 모두에서 세신과 황련을 혼합하였을 경우 세신, 황련의 각각 2.5 mg/disc의 항균력 보다 높게 나타났으며, MSA 배지의 경우 두 균주 모두에서 세신과 혼합한 3종의 약용식물에서 모두 항균력이 상승했고, 특히 호장근과 미역취씨는 20 mm의 높은 항균력을 보였다.

임상검체로부터 분리된 methicillin 내성 Staphylococcus aureus의 독소 및 항생제 내성 (Toxins and Antibiotic Resistance of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Isolated from Clinical Specimens)

  • 백근식;기광서;최한나;박성찬;고은초;김형락;성치남
    • 생명과학회지
    • /
    • 제21권2호
    • /
    • pp.257-264
    • /
    • 2011
  • 2009년 7월부터 12월까지 순천 소재 한 병원에 내원한 환자의 검체로부터 methicillin 내성 Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) 75균주와 methicillin 감수성 S. aureus (MSSA) 24균주를 분리하였다. 분리균의 항생제 감수성 조사는 디스크 확산법을 사용하여 측정하였다. 분리균의 독소 유전자 보유는 multiplex PCR을 이용하여 장독소(enterotoxin; SE), 독성 쇼크 증상 독소 1(toxic shock syndrome toxin-1; TSST-1), 피부박탈성 독소(exfoliative toxin; ET) 및 백혈구 용해 독소(Panton-Valentine leukocidin; PVL) 유전자를 검출하였다. 분리된 MRSA 60개 균주는 1개 혹은 2개의 독소 유전자를 가지고 있으며, 22.7%의 균주가 seb, sec, seg, sei와 tst 유전자를 동시에 보유하고 있었으며 18.7%는 sec, seg, sei와 tst 유전자를 동시에 보유하고 있었다. 백혈구 용해독소를 암호하는 pvl 유전자는 검출되지 않았다. MRSA는 sec, seg, sei와 tst 유전자 보유에 높은 상관성을 보였다. MRSA 균주들은 erythromycin (분리균의 89%), gentamicin (70.7%), ciprofloxacin (69.3%), clindamycin (61.3%)과 tetracycline (58.7%)에 내성이 높은 반면, MSSA 균주들은 erythromycin를 제외한 다른 항생제에는 민감하였다. 독소 유전자 seb, sec와 tst는 tetracycline 내성과 높은 상관관계가 있었다.

SeO2의 메티실린-내성 황색포도상구균에 대한 생육 억제 효과 (Inhibitory effect of SeO2 on cell growth of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus)

  • 한영환
    • 미생물학회지
    • /
    • 제51권4호
    • /
    • pp.444-447
    • /
    • 2015
  • 본 연구는 $SeO_2$의 메티실린-내성 S. aureus에 대한 항세균활성을 규명하고자 수행하였다. Disc diffusion method를 이용하여 $SeO_2$의 항세균 활성을 측정한 결과, 그람 양성 세균이 그람 음성 세균과 비교시 우수하였다. 사용한 그람 양성 세균 중 Streptococcus, Staphylococcs 속 세균이 Bacillus 속 간균과 비교시 더 우수하였다. 사용한 모든 MRSA에 항균활성이 나타났다. 항생제의 생육저지환을 측정한 결과, 사용한 모든 항생제에 대해 MRSA의 항균활성이 작게 나타났다. $200-500{\mu}g/disc$ 범위의 $SeO_2$ 적용시 S. aureus 및 S. aureus CCARM (MRSA)에 대한 생육저지환의 직경은 각각 20-32.7 mm 및 13.5-17.9 mm이었다. $SeO_2$의 MRSA에 대한 최소생육억제농도는 $40{\mu}g/ml$이었다. 액체배지에 0.5% 및 1%의 $SeO_2$를 첨가한 결과, MRSA의 생육이 억제 되었다. 본 $SeO_2$의 항균활성 실험 결과는 추후, $SeO_2$의 항균활성 기작의 규명, 병원성 세균 및 항생제-내성 미생물에 적용될 수 있다고 판단된다.

Effect of Saliva miltiorrhiza Bunge on Antimicrobial Activity and Resistant Gene Regulation against Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)

  • Lee, Ji-Won;Ji, Young-Ju;Lee, Syng-Ook;Lee, In-Seon
    • Journal of Microbiology
    • /
    • 제45권4호
    • /
    • pp.350-357
    • /
    • 2007
  • This study was conducted in an effort to evaluate the antimicrobial activity and antibiotic-resistant gene regulation from Saliva miltiorrhiza Bunge on methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). A variety of solvent fractions and methanol extracts of S. miltiorrhiza Bunge were tested in order to determine its antimicrobial activities against S. aureus and MRSA. As a result, the hexane fraction of S. miltiorrhiza Bunge evidenced the highest levels of antimicrobial activity against S. aureus and MRSA. The MICs of the hexane fraction against various MRSA specimens were $64. The hexane fraction evidenced inhibitory effects superior to those of the chloroform fraction. The results showed inhibition zones of hexane (16 mm) and chloroform (14 mm) fractions against MRSA KCCM 40511 at $1,000{\mu}g/disc$. The hexane and chloroform fractions inhibited the expression of the resistant genes, mecA, mecR1, and femA in mRNA. Moreover, the results of Western blotting assays indicated that the hexane and chloroform fractions inhibited the expression of the resistant protein, PBP2a. These results reveal that the hexane and chloroform fractions of S. miltiorrhiza Bunge may prove to be a valuable choice for studies targeted toward the development of new antimicrobial agents.

Antimicrobial Effects of Linalool and ${\alpha}$-Terpineol against Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Isolated from Korean

  • Kim, Saeng-Gon;Choi, Mi-Hwa;Park, Soon-Nang;Kook, Joong-Ki
    • International Journal of Oral Biology
    • /
    • 제38권2호
    • /
    • pp.51-54
    • /
    • 2013
  • Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is one of the important causative microbes for nosocomial infection and has been isolated from the dental environment. The purpose of this study was to investigate the antimicrobial activity of linalool and ${\alpha}$-terpineol against MRSA isolates from a Korean population. In the experiments, we determined the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) and minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBCs) of these two compounds against 18 strains of MRSA. The data revealed that the $MIC_{90}/MBC_{90}$ values of linalool and ${\alpha}$-terpineol against MRSA were >12.8 mg/ml and 6.4 mg/ml, respectively. These results indicate that ${\alpha}$-terpineol has more potent antimicrobial activity against MRSA than linalool and may have utility as an anti-MRSA cleansing agent for dental instruments and dental unit chairs.

Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus Following Leech Application at a Congested Flap after a Mastectomy

  • Hwang, Kun;Kim, Hyung Mook;Kim, Yeon Soo
    • Archives of Aesthetic Plastic Surgery
    • /
    • 제23권3호
    • /
    • pp.143-145
    • /
    • 2017
  • Medical leech therapy is a treatment for the venous congestion of tissue flaps, grafts, and replants. We report a case of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) following leech application at a congested flap after mastectomy. A 45-year-old woman had an invasive ductal carcinoma. Modified radical mastectomy was performed. The chest wall defect was reconstructed with a local rotation flap. On postoperative day (POD) 1, congestion and color change were observed, and 10 medical leeches were applied to the congested area. On POD 4, another 10 medical leeches were applied. On POD 12, wound necrosis progressed and a pus-like discharge appeared. A wound swab culture revealed MRSA. Debridement was carried out on POD 15. From POD 16, vancomycin and piperacillin/tazobactam were injected for 18 days. The wound culture on POD 18 also revealed MRSA. A split-thickness skin graft was performed on POD 28. MRSA has not been clearly identified in the literature as a leech enteric bacterium. Although MRSA may have come from another source, the present case raises the possibility of MRSA infections following leech application at congested flaps. When medical leeches are applied at the congestion site of a flap, an aseptic cradle will be helpful. Vancomycin irrigation may be needed if infection occurs.