• Journal of Platform Technology
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.82-90
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• 2022

emerging. And it shows numerous possibilities and tremendous potentials in the virtual world. This metaverse is not limited to one type, but it is evolving and developing into a service in the form of a virtual convergence economy by breaking down boundaries. As a result, various security issues in metaverse are emerging. Metaverse performs all activities in the virtual space, so various problems such as privacy infringement, virtual asset theft, or fraud can occur. In this paper, a service security model is proposed to provide safe services on metaverse. To this end, we analyze security threats in the metaverse framework and propose a security service model to prevent threats. By evaluating the security of the proposed model, it was shown that safe services are effectively possible on the metaverse.

• Electronics and Telecommunications Trends
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.81-91
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• 2021

Recently, discussions on Metaverse, which represents the transcendent world, have been dominant for some time. Cases related to the Metaverse are introduced through various media and are continuously attracting attention as the next generation of the Internet. This study reviews the business model and the ecosystem overview, focusing on service cases related to the Metaverse. The widely used business models include content production and sales, media brokerage fee, and marketing fee. The Metaverse ecosystem is formed around games, with major players in game production, authoring tool & support SW, intelligent cloud service, and game platform expected to lead the market. Results show that a strategy to secure the leadership of the Metaverse, such as the business model expansion conditions, a strategy to foster a game-oriented Metaverse ecosystem, and technology development for the realization of the ultra-realistic Metaverse, is necessary.

• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
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• v.30 no.6
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• pp.53-68
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• 2023

Through the COVID-19 pandemic, the demand for non-face-to-face communication systems has surged, leading to an increased prevalence of virtual interactions across various domains, such as tasks, meetings, orders and deliveries, and even student education. Against this backdrop, interest in the metaverse platform has been on the rise, with metaverse services like Zepeto, Roblox, and Minecraft expanding beyond gaming to encompass educational fields as well. This study aims to identify authenticity factors influencing metaverse platform-based educational services and examine their impact. The authenticity components are defined as integrity, empathy, interactivity, presence, and uniqueness. The study investigates the effects of these authenticity components on both service value and service satisfaction. To achieve this, a survey involving 320 metaverse users was conducted, and the model was subjected to statistical validation. The findings of this research underscore that perceiving metaverse education services, still in the early stages of introduction, as authentic educational methods for learners positively influences satisfaction with the educational service.This study holds significance as it lays the theoretical groundwork for enhancing the authenticity of educational services in virtual space. It defines and proposes authenticity elements for customer satisfaction in metaverse educational services, which are still in their nascent stages. Moving forward, it is anticipated that various studies will be conducted to enhance the value of metaverse education services and achieve higher customer satisfaction as customer experiences evolve and deepen.

• Journal of Korea Society of Digital Industry and Information Management
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.193-211
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• 2023

This study explores consumer perceptions of the Metaverse, a new concept emerging post-pandemic. It applies the Technology Acceptance Model and Theory of Reasoned Action to examine how perceived usefulness, ease of use, attitudes, subjective norms, and intentions to adopt new technology are connected. The study analyzes samples obtained from a self-administered online survey, assessing experienced and inexperienced individuals to compare their perceptions toward Metaverse in the food service industry. The data is processed with SPSS and AMOS, utilizing factor analysis and structural equation modeling. Results show perceived usefulness and ease of use influencing attitudes, which, along with subjective norms, impact behavioral intentions, supporting hypotheses. As online experiences grow, Metaverse marketing could affect dining behaviors and purchases. The study offers insights for food service companies to enhance behavioral intentions, contributing to Metaverse advancement.

• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.45-57
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• 2023

Efforts to build metaverse platform services and expand profit structure are developing in a more realistic direction. The metaverse, which has been centered on 'creation and economy' and 'discovery', will evolve into an 'experience' metaverse, creating tangible business effects where satisfaction with the user experience leads directly to purchase. In this paper, the condition of the avatar used as a medium of economic activity between the metaverse platformer and the user and the business utilization plan were sought. In addition, a new 'metaverse business model' was proposed based on 'experience, discovery, creation and economy', and in particular, it was intended to lay the foundation for the experience metaverse to further develop in the form of 'business experience'. In addition, a survey was conducted on the 'application of metaverse service and avatar' targeting the MZ generation, the main customer base of the current metaverse service. In order to provide a service that satisfies the user, it was concluded that the appearance of the avatar needs to be changed according to the purpose and function. Accordingly, we propose an 'selective switch mode' that can change the avatar's appearance at the desired timing according to the 'experience' and 'purchase purpose' of each metaverse service area. In addition, by strategically utilizing the 'Digilog' psychology, we believe that it will be possible to promote the influx of new users while increasing the loyalty of existing users to the platform. Through the establishment of 'avatar purchase system' by 'selective switch mode' and 'avatar decorating system' by 'digilog' strategy, the experience metaverse, which has been focused on 'digital twin experience' so far, is As it develops into 'business experience', it is expected that the user experience can be further satisfied.

• Journal of The Korean Association of Information Education
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.533-541
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• 2022

Metaverse have begun to attract attention because it facilitate interaction between learners and teachers in non face- to- face environment. In order to use the metaverse in the educational field such as online class, it is important that pre-service teachers intend to use it. The purpose of this study is to analyze the structural relationship between the pre-service teacher's educational competence and the intention to use the metaverse based on the technology acceptance model. The influence factors of flexibility for new technology, teacher efficacy, and TPACK were examined. It was conducted with 240 pre-service teachers, and the data of 183 pre-service teachers finally collected were used for the analysis. As a result of the study, among the metaverse educational competencies of elementary school pre-service teachers, flexibility and TPACK mediate perceived ease, and the pathways affecting metaverse use intention were significant. In this regard, theoretical and practical implications that can be helpful in the discussion and intention of using the metaverse of pre-service teachers were presented.

• Electronics and Telecommunications Trends
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.75-84
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• 2023

Metaverse is expected to bring many innovations to society, culture, and economy by providing realistic services in various fields while suppressing time and space constraints. However, unclear definitions owing to the high diversity of the metaverse add to the confusion of the ecosystem participants. The current metaverse service has many voices of concern owing to technical limitations and lack of a clear profit model. Nevertheless, given its high growth potential driven by the digital transformation, a solid and long-term technology development strategy seems to be necessary. Accordingly, we analyze development cases centering on the major metaverse service shapes presented in the Metaverse New Industry Leading Strategy announced by the Ministry of Science and ICT in January 2022. In addition, we study the characteristics and core technologies of each metaverse service for its realization and discuss future stages of technological development.

• Journal of Korean Society for Quality Management
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• v.51 no.1
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• pp.97-117
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• 2023

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to examine the factors affecting the intention to continue using the metaverse platform service from the user's point of view. Methods: The study conducted a survey of experienced people using Zepeto, Ifland, Gather Town, Zep, Roblox, Fortnite, and Minecraft, which are virtual world types among metaverse types, and valid 415 data were analyzed by SPSS (ver 22.0) and R (ver 4.1.0) program packages. Results: As a result of empirical analysis, it was found that interactivity and social presence among the characteristics of metaverse affected expectation confirmation, and sensory affordance and functional affordance affected expectation confirmation as affordance factors. In addition, all four characteristics of metaverse, reliability, playfulness, interactivity, and social presence, were found to have the greatest affect on perceived usefulness, and it was analyzed that playfulness, social presence, and reliability were influenced in order. The affordance factor was also found to have a positive effect on physical affordance, sensory affordance, and functional affordance. This study was found that it had a positive effect on the relationship between expectation confirmation and satisfaction and the relationship between perceived usefulness and satisfaction. satisfaction was analyzed to lead to continuance intention. Conclusion: This study is meaningful in that it examines the perspective of users who can be called customers of metaverse platform services. Based on the results of this study, it is expected to have a significant effect on the development of metaverse platform services not only on platform operators that provide metaverse platform services but also on providers who plan events and education using metaverse platform services.

• Human Ecology Research
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• v.62 no.1
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• pp.81-100
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• 2024

This paper presents a case study in which a lesson was designed and applied to enhance preservice home economics teachers' instructional design competence using the metaverse. For 15 weeks from March 6 to June 14, 14 students enrolled on the course 'Multimedia Home Economics Education' for preservice home economics teachers used the metaverse to engage in problem-based learning to solve instructional design problems in home economics classes. In accordance with the ADDIE design model, in the analysis stage, we assessed preservice home economics teachers' level of knowledge of lessons using the metaverse, and their perceptions of the possibility, necessity, and usefulness of using the metaverse in home economics lessons. In the design and development stage, lesson plans, questions for problem-based learning, assessment tools, and teaching and learning materials were developed. The implementation was conducted in parallel with training on understanding multimedia and the metaverse, and instructional design competence was evaluated through pre- and post-testing and reflection journals. The results revealed that the preservice home economics teachers acquired a good understanding of lessons using the metaverse, learned how to design lessons for self-directed learning by applying the metaverse to their home and classroom, and gained confidence in applying it to their teaching practice or in-service work. It is expected that the results of this study will be used as support materials for prospective and current home economics teachers to design home economics lessons using the metaverse, thereby expanding the horizons of home economics education.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.27 no.5
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• pp.694-702
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• 2022

This paper is the UX-based technology strategy research which is a solution to how conversational AI can be ethically evolved in the Metaverse environment. Since conversational AI influences people's on-offline decision-making factors through interaction with people, the Metaverse AI ethics must be reflected. In the machine learning process of conversational AI, cultural codes along with user's personal experience data must be included and considered to reduce the error value of user experience. Through this, the super-personalized Metaverse service can evolve ethically with social values. With above hypothesis as a result of the study, a conceptual model of a forward-looking perspective was developed and proposed by adding user experience data to the machine learning (ML) process for context-based interactive AI in the Metaverse service environment.