• Proceedings of the Korean Nuclear Society Conference
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• 2002.05a
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• pp.274-274
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• 2002

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.30 no.11
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• pp.2806-2808
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• 2009

• Proceedings of the Korean Radioactive Waste Society Conference
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• 2018.05a
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• pp.102-103
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• 2018

• Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
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• v.32 no.10
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• pp.1147-1161
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• 1995

When ceramic membrance was made from metal salt solution in place of metal akoxide solution, crack free and good adhesion to supporter was optimized for sol stability and good adhesion force. A starting sol was prepared from aluminum oxychloride aqueous solutjion in order to inhibit the grain growthof Al2O3 during heat treatment. The crack free dip coating can't be achieved in 1mol/ι zirconium oxychloride solution because of the high viscosity which interferes with the hydration copolymerization between Al3+ ion and Zr4+ ion. Thus Al2O3-ZrO2 sol stability and viscosity for dip coating was effective when 0.01 mol/ι zirconium oxychloride was added. The minimizing of crack and achieving better adhesion to the supporter wa obtained by microwave drying, surfactant addition and ultrasonic dip coating in wet atmosphere. The result seems to minimize the capillary force and improve the adhesive ability to supporter during the process. Where the average pore size of Al2O3-ZrO2 ultrafilter ceramic membrane measured 17 Å by the BET method and observed γ-Al2O3 phase with tetragonal zirconia after firing at 700℃.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.77-80
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to examine effects of combustion retardation for paper filter impregnated metal salts by measurement of extinguishing concentration, CO concentration, and limiting oxygen index(LOI, ASTM D 2863). And thermal stability analysis using DSC was carried out. In case of extinguishing concentration, $NH_4H_2PO_4$ showed excellent effect of combustion retardation. The result of LOI measurement showed that metal salts possessed good effect of combustion retardation. And thermal analysis using DSC showed that these metal salts possessed thermal stability. In case of CO concentration, CO concentration was increasing because of imperfect combustion process due to combustion retardation effect of metal salts.

• Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
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• v.45 no.4
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• pp.196-203
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• 2008

Metal-carbon/$TiO_2$ composite photocatalysts were thermally synthesized through the mixing of anatase to metal(Cu, Zn) containing phenol resin in an ethanol solvent coagulation method. The BET surface area increases, with the increase depending on the amount of metal salt used. From SEM images, metal components and carbon derived from phenol resin that contains metal was homogeneously distributed to composite particles with porosity. XRD patterns revealed that metal and titanium dioxide phase can be identified for metal-carbon/$TiO_2$ composites, however, the diffraction peaks of carbon were not observed due to the low carbon content on the $TiO_2$ surfaces and due to the low crystallinity of the amorphous carbon. The results of a chemical elemental analysis of the metal-carbon/$TiO_2$ composites showed that most of the spectra for these samples gave stronger peaks for C, O, treated metal components and Ti metal compared to that of any other elements. According to photocatalytic results, the MB degradation can be attributed to the three types of synergetic effect: photocatalysis, adsorptivity and electron transfer, according to the light absorption between the supporter $TiO_2$, metal species, and carbon layers.

• Proceedings of the Korean Radioactive Waste Society Conference
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• 2003.11a
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• pp.363-367
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• 2003

Much attention has been given to an electrochemical reduction process for converting uranium oxide to uranium metal in molten salt. The process has the versatility of being adopted for reducing other actinide and rare-earth metals from their oxides. Using the metal oxide to be reduced as a integrated cathode designed originally and inert conductors as anodes, oxygen anions are removed from the cathode and oxidized at the surface of the anodes in a molten salt cell. However, the electrochemical properties of alkali and alkali-earth metal oxides in molten salt have not been investigated thoroughly, which made the process incomplete when it is considered as a unit process in a back-end fuel cycle. It is well known that cesium and strontium Isotopes in spent fuel are main contributors for head load. The properties of cesium, strontium, and barium oxides such as the dissolution rates and reduction potentials in molten LiC1 dissolving $Li_2O$ are examined.

• Journal of Nuclear Fuel Cycle and Waste Technology(JNFCWT)
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.233-241
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• 2021

A series of three bench-scale experiments was performed to investigate the conversion of sodium metal to sodium chloride via reactions with non-metal and metal chlorides. Specifically, batches of molten sodium metal were separately contacted with ammonium chloride and ferrous chloride to form sodium chloride in both cases along with iron in the latter case. Additional ferrous chloride was added to two of the three batches to form low melting point consolidated mixtures of sodium chloride and ferrous chloride, whereas consolidation of a sodium-chloride product was performed in a separate batch. Samples of the products were characterized via X-ray diffraction to identify attendant compounds. The reaction of sodium metal with metered ammonium chloride particulate feeds proceeded without reaction excursions and produced pure colorless sodium chloride. The reaction of sodium metal with ferrous chloride yielded occasional reaction excursions as evidenced by temperature spikes and fuming ferrous chloride, producing a dark salt-metal mixture. This investigation into a method for controlled conversion of sodium metal to sodium chloride is particularly applicable to sodium containing elevated levels of radioactivity-including bond sodium from nuclear fuels-in remote-handled inert-atmosphere environments.

• Proceedings of the Korean Radioactive Waste Society Conference
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• 2004.06a
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• pp.268-277
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• 2004

process (ACP), electrochemical properties of high heat-generating alkali and alkali earth oxides in molten salt were measured and the behavior of those elements were analyzed. The reduction potentials of Cs, Sr, and Ba in a molten LiCl-$Li_2O$ system were more cathodic than that of Li and closely located one another. Thus, it is expected that the alkali and alkali earth would not hinder the reaction mechanism which is via lithium reduction. Alkali and alkali earth metals are likely to recycle into molten salt when the process is operated beyond metal reduction potentials and the effect of electric current on the mass transport is also determined by measuring the metal concentrations in the molten salt phase at different current conditions.

• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.35 no.6
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• pp.621-630
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• 2019

A woodblock softening process using saltwater was investigated in order to reduce the cracks and distortion caused by the woodblock-making process and to make the woodblock softer and sculpturing easier. Although anatomical studies of woodblocks have been ongoing for years, little work has been done on softening treatments using natural materials. Hence, the purpose of this paper is to investigate the change in the physical properties of wood treated with saturated brine and the effect of salt on metal nails found embedded in woodblocks. After boiling for twelve h each in water and saturated brine, the saltwater-boiled specimens have longer drying times than the water-boiled specimens. Further, it was observed that salt particles penetrated the cells in the wood. As a result of exposing the copper and iron nails, which were stuck in each specimen, to a high humidity environment, the weight of the saltwater-boiled specimens increased due to the hygroscopicity of the salt. Corrosion of the nails also occurred. This result is similar to the problem that appears on the edge of a woodblock. In conclusion, it was shown that salt in the wood cells affects the corrosion of metal embedded in the wood.