• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.167-180
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• 2017

Purpose: The aim of this study was to synthesize the best available evidence for active warming interventions during cesarean section. Methods: A database search was done for randomized controlled trials utilizing active warming interventions. Maternal temperature, shivering and neonatal temperature were evaluated as outcome variables. Data were analyzed using Cochrane Review Manager software Version 5.3. Results: Thirteen studies including 1306 patients were reviewed. The degree of lowering of maternal temperature decreased in the warmed fluids (MD 0.51; p=.004) and warming mattress interventions (MD 0.22; p<.001) compared with control groups. Incidence of shivering was also lower in the active warming group (OR 0.55; p=.003). There was no statistically significant difference in maternal temperature with a forced air warming intervention (MD 0.64; p=.15) or in neonatal temperature (MD 0.12; p=.26). Conclusion: Findings show that with warmed fluids and warming mattresses applied during cesarean sections maternal temperature decline was reduced and also the incidence of shivering declined, but no significant effect was observed for forced air warming interventions. These findings provide a basis for developing a warming guideline for women having a cesarean section and will help to improve the quality of care for cesarean section patients.

• Journal of KIISE:Software and Applications
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• v.35 no.11
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• pp.653-660
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• 2008

Recently, Service-oriented computing is the emerging computing paradigm. In this paradigm, we require the practical process model to support service oriented software development. The well-known development methods e.g., Unified Software Development Process, UML components have been proposed focused on component. So, these methods cannot support service-oriented computing concepts such as service definition, binding and composition concepts using Business Process Execution Language (BPEL). Also, a few proposed service-oriented approach, for example Service Oriented Unified process (SOUP), and Service Oriented Modeling and Architecture (SOMA) have appeared. However, these approaches do not explicitly represent detailed guideline, artifacts and approach. Therefore, in this paper we propose a practical and simple process model to support service oriented software development. Also, we explicitly represent process model and artifact using Software Process Engineering Metamodel (SPEM) which is proposed by OMG. By using our approach, it can enhance systematization and effectiveness for service-oriented software development.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Library and Information Science
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• v.54 no.2
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• pp.179-195
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• 2020

This study searched for the status of medical Systematic Review(SR) publications in Korea and elsewhere for last 10 years, closely analyzing SR research papers by co-authors of Korean librarians. Through interviews with Korean librarians participating in SR, the activities, roles, and difficulties of these librarians were identified, and the results of the interviews helped explore new ways to promote collaboration in SR research. The result of the studied showed that the number of domestic and foreign SR studies has recently increased, and the number of cases where Korean librarians participated in SR research being officially credited as a co-author or acknowledgment source was also grow. The SR librarians in the Korean medical libraries were not only search experts, data collectors, and reference writers, but also did various activities such as designing search strategies, SR search records with complete reproducibility, and DB search tutorship. To promote SR support librarians participated in the interview suggested recruiting new librarians, retraining current librarians, and reformation courses in library and information science. As it is expected that the level of information demand of users and expectations for librarians would also increase in near future, SR librarians' activities and contributions seem to offer a guideline for academic library services that the others should pursue.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.28 no.1 s.69
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• pp.1-10
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• 2007

Background : There has been renewed interest in complementary alternative medicine around the world far a decade. On the other hand, the issue of safety of herbal medicine in Korea has been continuously questioned. Issues raised have included not only chemical residue or heavy metals caused by pollution, but also the toxicity of herbal medicine itself. Objectives : The purpose of this study was to review some herbal medicines subject to controversy of toxicity and figure out what kind of problems they evidence. Methods : In this review, PubMed was used to search medical journals. Keywords such as 'herb, or herbal medicine', 'safety, or adverse events, or adverse effect, or toxicity, or liver injury' were applied. Journals were selected by four inclusion criteria, as objectives should be human, researchers should be medical doctors, literature written in the English language, and types of journals should be meta-analysis or practice guideline or reviews. Finally, 9 cases from 60 journals were included in this review. Results : We reviewed 13 herbal medicines for controversy of toxicity such as ephedra(Mahuang), Arisolochia fangchi, Aristolochia manshuriensis, licorice, skullcap , germander, Syo-saiko-to(Xiao-chai-hu-tang), Chelidonium majus, mistletoe, Dictamnus dasycarpus and madder. Conclusions : It suggested that 'who it is prescribed for' is one of the most important factors to identify the causes of toxicity in herbal medicine and dietary supplements, under specific conditions in Korea.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.36 no.5
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• pp.37-46
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• 2021

Objective : This study aims to examine the effectiveness and safety of herbal medicines in upper respiratory tract infection by conducting systematic review against amoxicillin. Methods : Relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published by December 2020 were searched in PubMED database. Study selection was conducted according to the PRISMA guideline. The Risk of Bias of the RCTs were evaluated based on the Cochrane criteria. Study selection and bias assessment were conducted independently by two researchers, and the third party was involved if there is a disagreement. Results : Three RCTs were included. Meta-analysis was not performed due to different specific disease and outcome measurements among the included studies. Herbal medicine showed statistically significant improvement in symptoms and endoscopic findings compared to amoxicillin in acute rhinosinusitis. In addition, herbal medicine showed statistically significant improvement in symptoms and a smaller dose of additional antibiotics in acute tonsillitis. However, herbal medicine showed no significant effects compared to amoxicillin in chronic sinusitis patients after functional endoscopic sinus surgery. In terms of adverse events, no significant difference was observed between the herbal medicine group and the amoxicillin group in all studies. Conclusion : Herbal medicine might be more effective than amoxicillin in the treatment of upper respiratory tract infection. Nevertheless, it is hard to clear that conclusion due to the fact that the collected studies were conducted on different specific diseases and herbal medicine, and that the included studies had flaws in the research methodology.

• The Korean Journal of Urological Oncology
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.89-96
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• 2018

Upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) has a relatively low prevalence rate of about 1.8 per 100,000 people. According to the recent literature, the development of diagnostic techniques has gradually increased the prevalence and diagnosis rate. In the past, when UTUC was diagnosed, more than 60% of the patients were diagnosed as locally advanced or metastatic cancer. However, since 2010, approximately 70% of the patients have been diagnosed as operable stage. Although radical nephroureterectomy is known as the basis of treatment for UTUC, overall survival is poor in patients with lymph node invasion. Especially, the finding that a localized UTUC is associated with a high risk of cancer metastasis in approximately 50% of patients suggests that these patients may not have sufficient treatment through surgery alone. The European Association of Urology and the National Comprehensive Cancer Network guideline 2017 suggested that postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy may be considered in patients with advanced UTUC beyond pT2. Also, recent meta-analyses have reported that cisplatin-based adjuvant chemotherapy can be expected to have a synergistic effect of overall survival and disease-free survival. However, many patients with UTUC undergo postoperative renal failure, which may result in failure to perform cisplatin-based adjuvant chemotherapy with adequate dose. For this reason, several researchers have suggested that it is beneficial to apply neoadjuvant chemotherapy when the preoperative renal function is maintained to a certain extent. But, neoadjuvant chemotherapy has not been used by many clinicians because of the lack of studies and the rarity of the disease. We are currently discussing the outcomes and prospects of perioperative chemotherapy.

• Clinical Psychopharmacology and Neuroscience
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.376-382
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• 2018

We reviewed clinical studies investigating the pharmacological treatment of major depressive episodes (MDEs) with mixed features diagnosed according to the dimensional criteria (more than two or three [hypo]manic symptoms+principle depressive symptoms). We systematically reviewed published randomized controlled trials on the pharmacological treatment of MDEs with mixed features associated with mood disorders, including major depressive disorder (MDD) and bipolar disorder (BD). We searched the PubMed, Cochrane Library, and ClinicalTrials.gov databases through December 2017 with the following key word combinations linked with the word OR: (a) mixed or mixed state, mixed features, DMX, mixed depression; (b) depressive, major depressive, MDE, MDD, bipolar, bipolar depression; and (c) antidepressant, antipsychotic, mood stabilizer, anticonvulsant, treatment, medication, algorithm, guideline, pharmacological. We followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. We found few randomized trials on pharmacological treatments for MDEs with mixed features. Of the 36 articles assessed for eligibility, 11 investigated MDEs with mixed features in mood disorders: six assessed the efficacy of antipsychotic drugs (lurasidone and ziprasidone) in the acute phase of MDD with mixed features, although four of these were post hoc analyses based on large randomized controlled trials. Four studies compared antipsychotic drugs (olanzapine, lurasidone, and ziprasidone) with placebo, and one study assessed the efficacy of combination therapy (olanzapine+fluoxetine) in the acute phase of BD with mixed features. Pharmacological treatments for MDEs with mixed features have focused on antipsychotics, although evidence of their efficacy is lacking. Additional well-designed clinical trials are needed.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Pharmacy
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.193-201
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• 2019

Background and Objective: Since the introduction of hospital pharmacy residency programs in 1983, hospital pharmacists in South Korea have been expected to expand their roles. However, their services and the outcomes have not been fully understood. In this study, we conducted a systematic review of Korean hospital pharmacist-provided interventions with regard to intervention type, intervention consequences, and target patient groups. Methods: A literature search of the following databases was performed: Embase, PubMed, Medline, KoreaMed, RISS, KMbase, KISS, NDSL, and KISTI. The search words were "hospital pharmacist", "clinical pharmacist", and "Korea". Articles reporting clinical or economic outcome measures that resulted from hospital pharmacist interventions were considered. Numeric measures for the acceptance rate of pharmacist recommendations were subjected to meta-analysis. Results: Of the 1,683 articles searched, 44 met the inclusion selection criteria. Most articles were published after 2000 (81.8%) and focused on clinical outcomes. Economic outcomes had been published since 2011. The interventions were classified as patient education, multidisciplinary team work, medication assessment, and guideline development. The outcome measures were physicians' prescription changes, clinical outcomes, patient adherence, economic outcomes, and quality of life. The acceptance rate was 80.5% (p < 0.005). Conclusion: Studies on pharmacist interventions have increased and showed increased patient health benefits and reduced medical costs at Korean hospital sites. Because pharmacists' professional competency would be recognized if the economic outcomes of their work were confirmed and justified, studies on their clinical performance should also include their economic impact.

• Clinical and Experimental Vaccine Research
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.265-290
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• 2023

Rare but serious thrombotic incidents in relation to thrombocytopenia, termed vaccine-induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia (VITT), have been observed since the vaccine rollout, particularly among replication-defective adenoviral vector-based severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 vaccine recipients. Herein, we comprehensively reviewed and summarized reported studies of VITT following the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination to determine its prevalence, clinical characteristics, as well as its management. A literature search up to October 1, 2021 using PubMed and SCOPUS identified a combined total of 720 articles. Following the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guideline, after screening the titles and abstracts based on the eligibility criteria, the remaining 47 full-text articles were assessed for eligibility and 29 studies were included. Findings revealed that VITT cases are strongly related to viral vector-based vaccines, which are the AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine (95%) and the Janssen COVID-19 vaccine (4%), with much rarer reports involving messenger RNA-based vaccines such as the Moderna COVID-19 vaccine (0.2%) and the Pfizer COVID-19 vaccine (0.2%). The most severe manifestation of VITT is cerebral venous sinus thrombosis with 317 cases (70.4%) and the earliest primary symptom in the majority of cases is headache. Intravenous immunoglobulin and non-heparin anticoagulant are the main therapeutic options for managing immune responses and thrombosis, respectively. As there is emerging knowledge on and refinement of the published guidelines regarding VITT, this review may assist the medical communities in early VITT recognition, understanding the clinical presentations, diagnostic criteria as well as its management, offering a window of opportunity to VITT patients. Further larger sample size trials could further elucidate the link and safety profile.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.17 no.6
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• pp.389-399
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• 2016

This study examined the status of studies on exercise interventions for middle-aged women with chronic low back pain that had been conducted over the past 10 years (2005-2014) in Korea. The existing reports were searched electronically using the database of RISS, National Assembly Library, KISS, and DBpia with the key words of middle-aged women, chronic low back pain, exercise, and exercise program. Finally, 12 articles were included in the review. One article was from nursing science, and 11 were from other disciplines. In a qualitative evaluation on the papers, 1 study scored 8 out of 10 points, 8 studies scored between 5-6 points, and 3 studies scored 3-4 points. Intervention sessions were conducted for 55 minutes, on average, each at a frequency of 3.1 sessions per week, for a total of 29.7 sessions. This study found that lumbar neuromuscular exercise, yoga exercise, and aquatic exercise were effective in rehabilitation in middle-aged women with chronic low back pain. In the future, these findings are expected to be used in nursing intervention for the establishment of the basis for evidence-based nursing practice.