• Polymer(Korea)
• /
• v.30 no.6
• /
• pp.525-531
• /
• 2006

In this study, Sulfonated PONF-g-styrene ion exchange fibers were synthesized by radiation induced graft copolymerization. And also, hybride ion exchange fibers, which was combined sulfonated PONF-g-styrene fibers and cationic ion exchange resin, were fabricated by hot melt adhesion method and then their adsorption properties were investigated. ion exchange capacity and water content of hybrid ion exchange fibers increased as compared with those of bead and ion exchange fiber. Their maximum values were 4.76 meq/g and 23.5%, respectively. Adsorption breakthrough time for mercury of hybrid ion exchange fiber was slower than those of bead resin and fibrous ion exchanger. It's value was 130 minutes. Their breakthrough time become short as increasing of pH, and concentration. The initial breakthrough time was observed before and after 10 minutes as increasing of concentration. The adsorption of hybrid ion exchange fibers for $Hg^{2+}\;Pb^{2+},\;Cd^{2+}$ among heavy metals in the mixed solution was observed before 20 min. And also, The adsorption for $Hg^{2+}$ among the heavy metals by hybride ion exchange fibers was observed.

• Proceedings of the Korean Environmental Health Society Conference
• /
• 2005.12a
• /
• pp.66-71
• /
• 2005

The waste seashells were used for the removal of hydrogen sulfide from a hot gas stream. The sulphidation of waste seashells with $H_2S$ was studied in a thermogravimetric analyzer at temperature between 600 and 800$^{\circ}C$. The desulfurization performance of the waste seashell sorbents was experimentally tested in a fixed bed reactor system. Sulfidation experiments performed under reaction conditions similar to those at the exit of a coal gasifier showed that preparation procedure and technique, the type and the amount of seashell, and the size of the seashell affect the $H_2S$ removal capacity of the sorbents. The pore structure of fresh and sulfided seashell sorbents was analyzed using mercury porosimetry, nitrogen adsorption, and scanning electron microscopy.

• Proceedings of the Korean Environmental Health Society Conference
• /
• 2005.06a
• /
• pp.378-380
• /
• 2005

The waste seashells were used for the removal of hydrogen sulfide from a hot gas stream, The sulphidation of waste seashells with H$_2$S was studied in a thermogravimetric analyzer at temperature between 600 and 800${\circ}$C . The desulfurization performance of the waste seashell sorbents was experimentally tested in a fixed bed reactor system. Sulfidation experiments performed under reaction conditions similar to those at the exit of a coal gasifier showed that preparation procedure and technique, the type and the amount of seashell, and the size of the seashell affect the H2S removal capacity of the sorbents. The pore structure of fresh and sulfided seashell sorbents was analyzed using mercury porosimetry, nitrogen adsorption, and scanning electron microscopy.

• Carbon letters
• /
• v.2 no.1
• /
• pp.55-60
• /
• 2001

Graphite intercalation compounds (GIC) were prepared by direct reaction of $SO_3$ gas with flake graphite. The intercalated $SO_3$ molecules were ejected by rapid heating to $950^{\circ}C$ under an oxidizing atmosphere for about 1 minute, resulting in surprisingly high expansion in the direction of c-axis. The characteristics of the micro-structure and pore size distribution were examined with a SEM and mercury intrusion porosimetry. The XRD analysis and spectroscopic analysis were used for the identification of the graphite and surface chemistry state. The pore size distribution of the exfoliated graphite (EG) was a range of $1{\sim}170{\mu}m$. The higher expanding temperature the higher expanded volume, so oil sorption capacities were 58.8 g of bunker-C oil and 34.7 g of diesel oil per 1 g of the the EG. The sorption equilibrium was achieved very rapidly within several minutes. As the treatment temperature increases, bulk density decreases.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
• /
• v.27 no.6
• /
• pp.1138-1149
• /
• 2017

The use of microalgal biomass is an interesting technology for the removal of heavy metals from aqueous solutions owing to its high metal-binding capacity, but the interactions with bacteria as a strategy for the removal of toxic metals have been poorly studied. The goal of the current research was to investigate the potential of Burkholderia tropica co-immobilized with Chlorella sp. in polyurethane discs for the biosorption of Hg(II) from aqueous solutions and to evaluate the influence of different Hg(II) concentrations (0.041, 1.0, and 10 mg/l) and their exposure to different contact times corresponding to intervals of 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, and 32 h. As expected, microalgal bacterial biomass adhered and grew to form a biofilm on the support. The biosorption data followed pseudo-second-order kinetics, and the adsorption equilibrium was well described by either Langmuir or Freundlich adsorption isotherm, reaching equilibrium from 1 h. In both bacterial and microalgal immobilization systems in the co-immobilization of Chlorella sp. and B. tropica to different concentrations of Hg(II), the kinetics of biosorption of Hg(II) was significantly higher before 60 min of contact time. The highest percentage of biosorption of Hg(II) achieved in the co-immobilization system was 95% at pH 6.4, at 3.6 g of biosorbent, $30{\pm}1^{\circ}C$, and a mercury concentration of 1 mg/l before 60 min of contact time. This study showed that co-immobilization with B. tropica has synergistic effects on biosorption of Hg(II) ions and merits consideration in the design of future strategies for the removal of toxic metals.

• Polymer(Korea)
• /
• v.26 no.3
• /
• pp.389-399
• /
• 2002

Poly (ethylene terephthalate) (PET) fibers were modified by deep UV irradiation which was produced by a low pressure mercury lamp. FT-IR and XPS analyses were used to elucidate the surface chemical composition of PET fibers treated with UV. Relative $O_{1s}$ intensity increased considerably and it was found that oxygen was incorporated in the form of COO on the fiber surface. FT-IR and XPS analyses proved the existence of carboxylic groups on the surfaces and the adsorption test of cationic compound further supported these results. The concentration of carboxylic acid group on the surface increased remarkably with Increasing irradiation time. XPS analysis and adsorption experiments proved that the surface structure of the UV-irradiated PET fibers were stable for 12 months. Antibacterial property and the deodorization rate of UV-irradiated PET fibers adsorbed with the berberine compound were investigated. Reduction rates of bacteria increased by about 21 to 99% compared to unradiated PET fiber. Deodorization rates of 23% for unradiated PET fiber increased to about 75% for 30 min irradiated samples.s.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
• /
• v.36 no.2
• /
• pp.136-140
• /
• 2010

The integrated gasification combined cycle (IGCC) is one of the most promising proposed processes for advanced electric power generation that is likely to replace conventional coal combustion. This emerging technology will not only improve considerably the thermal efficiency but also reduce or eliminate the environmentally adverse effects normally associated with coal combustion. The IGCC process gasifies coal under reducing conditions with essentially all the sulfur existing in the form of hydrogen sulfide ($H_2S$) in the product fuel gas. The need to remove $H_2S$ from coal derived fuel gases is a significant concern which stems from stringent government regulations and also, from a technical point of view and a need to protect turbines from corrosion. The waste seashells were used for the removal of hydrogen sulfide from a hot gas stream. The sulphidation of waste seashells with $H_2S$ was studied in a thermogravimetric analyzer at temperature between $600^{\circ}C$ and $800^{\circ}C$. The desulfurization performance of the waste seashell sorbents was experimentally tested in a fixed bed reactor system. Sulfidation experiments performed under reaction conditions similar to those at the exit of a coal gasifier showed that preparation procedure and technique, the type and the amount of seashell, and the size of the seashell affects the $H_2S$ removal capacity of the sorbents. The pore structure of fresh and sulfided seashell sorbents was analyzed using mercury porosimetry, nitrogen adsorption, and scanning electronmicroscopy.

• Proceedings of the Korea Technical Association of the Pulp and Paper Industry Conference
• /
• 2010.04a
• /
• pp.67-67
• /
• 2010

이미지를 이용한 도공층 구조 분석은 도공층의 실제 Morphology를 분석하여 평가하는 방법으로서 최근 세밀한 도공층 구조 분석을 위해 이 방법에 대한 많은 연구가 진행되고 있다. 특히 이러한 방법은 수은압입법(Mercury intrusion)이나 질소흡착법 (Nitrogen adsorption by BJH theory) 등과 같은 기존의 공극 특성 평가 방법과 달리 pore aspect ratio 및 orientation 등과 같은 공극 dimension을 평가할 수 있는 장점이 있다. 이러한 공극 dimension은 size distribution 및 porosity와 더불어 인쇄, 라미네이션 접착 등과 같은 Liquid interfacial 및 침투 측면에서 중요한 요소이기 때문에 이를 평가하기 위한 적합한 방법으로 인식되고 있다. 또, 원지 부분과 도공층 간의 경계를 명확하게 보여주고 Surface와 Cross-section 영역을 구분하여 평가 할 수 있어 더 명확한 평가를 가능하게 한다. 본 연구에서는 이미지 분석을 통해 도공액 구성 조건에 따른 도공층의 공극 구조 특성을 평가 하였고 일부 요소에 대해서는 수은 압입법과 비교 평가하여 이미지 분석법과의 상관성에 대해 고찰 하였다. 본 연구에서 사용된 FE (Field Emission)-SEM은 일반 SEM과 달리 전압에 의한 높은 전기장의 형성을 통해 저 가속 전압으로 이미지를 구현하는 장비로서 본 연구에서는 FE-SEM을 통해 도공층의 세밀한 Morphology와 공극 구조 이미지를 구현할 수 있었다.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
• /
• v.31 no.6
• /
• pp.483-488
• /
• 2005

The waste seashells were used for the removal of hydrogen sulfide from a hot gas stream. The sulphidation of waste seashells with $H_{2}$S was studied in a thermogravimetric analyzer at temperature between 600 and $800^{circ}C$. The desulfurization performance of the waste seashell sorbents was experimentally tested in a fixed bed reactor system. Sulfidation experiments performed under reaction conditions similar to those at the exit of a coal gasifier showed that preparation procedure and technique, the type and the amount of seashell, and the size of the seashell affect the $H_{2}$S removal capacity of the sorbents. The pore structure of fresh and sulfided seashell sorbents was analyzed using mercury porosimetry, nitrogen adsorption, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Measurements of the reaction of $H_{2}$S with waste seashells show that particles smaller than 0.631 mm can achieve high conversion to CaS. According to TGA and fixed bed reactor results, temperature had influenced on $H_{2}$S removal efficiency. As desulfurization temperature increased, desulfurization efficiency increased. Also, maximum desulfurization efficiency was observed at $800^{circ}C$. Desulfurization was related to calcinations temperature.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• v.35 no.5
• /
• pp.506-511
• /
• 1991

A sensitive adsorptive stripping voltammetric study was investigated on the complex of indium with morin at a hanging mercury drop electrode in 0.1 M acetate buffer (pH 3.20) solution. The adsorption phenomena were observed by differential-pulse voltammetry. The effects of various analytical conditions were discussed on the reduction peak current of the adsorbed complex on the surface of HMDE. Interferences by other trace metals and surfactant were also discussed. Detection limit was 2.6 nM of indium after 90 second deposition time, and the relative standard deviation (n = 7) at 4TEX>${\mu}g$/l indium was 2.0%.