• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.67-71
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• 1968

Mercury bromo hydroxy propane-$Hg^{203},\;Tc-^{99m}$ colloidal, $Tc-^{99m}$ per technate (from $Tc-^{99m}$ Generator) were prepared and prepared products were tested their clinical usability to give agreeable results. Labelling of HSA by $Tc^{99m}$ and coagulation of HSA to MAA were conducted on a lab. scale. The iodine containning Radiopharmaceuticals; Hippuran, Sodiumiodide (inj), RISA, MAA, Rosebengal, Triolein, Phosphorus protein and $Mercury^{203}$ neohydrine were prepared by the conventional procedure. Total 206. 4 mC of Radiopharmaceuticals were prepared and 141.910 mC of them were distributed to the major users in this country.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.33 no.5
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• pp.386-391
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• 2007

Mercury contamination and its health effects have become major concern of environmental health study in Korea. Mercury exposure of some group were investigated to get the accurate data for policy making and study. About 2,000 children at 26 elementary schools participated in this survey to evaluate the exposure levels and to investigate main exposure source of mercury. Analysis of mercury levels in the whole blood and urine samples were conducted and questionnaire survey was done about the factors influencing exposures simultaneously. Mercury exposure levels of domestic children were N.D. to 17.26 ppb in blood, 0.17 to $21.67{\mu}g/g$-creatinine in urine. The mean(arithmetic) levels are 2.42 ppb in blood and $2.53{\mu}g/g$-creatinine in urine. Both of them were below the recommendation levels of US EPA and German CHBM I $5.8{\mu}g/l$ and $5{\mu}g/l$ in blood, $5{\mu}g/g$-creatinine of German CHBM I in urine. But 1%, 0.51% of levels in blood exceed the level of CHBM I and US EPA, 8%, 0.85% of children were over the level of CHBM I and CHBM II in urine. Multi-valuable regression analysis showed that the existence of road near the residence in addition to the preference for fish have significance with blood mercury exposure level of domestic children. The existence of factory near the house and the experience of dental amalgam treatment had statistical relations with urine mercury level.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.41 no.5
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• pp.349-357
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• 2015

Objectives: The 2007 Korea National Survey for Environmental Pollutants in the Human Body found the highest blood mercury levels nationwide among residents in Seoksan-ri, Goro-myeon, Gunwi-gun, Gyeonsangbuk-do. With the aim to reduce the blood mercury levels of residents in this region, we conducted this study to identify the association between mercury exposure levels and shark meat consumption. Methods: This survey was conducted with 118 participants in Seoksan-ri before the Chuseok festival and 113 residents were added afterwards. Information on participants was collected via questionnaires. Total mercury concentrations in biological samples were measured using a mercury analyzer with the gold-amalgam collection method. Results: To identify this, we conducted mercury exposure level analysis before and after the Chuseok festival and found that blood and urinary mercury levels after Chuseok (GM of $6.9{\mu}g/L$ in blood and $1.68{\mu}g/g$_cr in urine) were higher than those before (GM of $5.29{\mu}g/L$ in blood and $1.44{\mu}g/g$_cr in urine). This area maintains a custom of using shark meat as one of the ancestral rite foods, and the performance of such rites and shark meat consumption have been identified as main sources of mercury exposure. Other than this, smoking, dental amalgam treatment and residential period in the area also contributed to an increase in mercury exposure levels. On the other hand, recent consumption of oriental medicine and vaccination did not have a significant influence on mercury levels. Conclusion: The results were attributed to the local custom of consuming shark meat with high mercury concentrations during rituals taking place during the festival and ancestral rites. Given that the blood mercury levels in 23.2% of the residents exceeded the HBM II values recommended by the German Commission on Human Biological Monitoring, it is suggested that further appropriate actions and follow-up measures be taken to reduce the mercury exposure levels of the residents that exceeded the reference values.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.355-361
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• 1991

The separative preconcentration of trace mercury[Hg(II)] in a water sample was studied by a coprecipitation flotation technique. The trace Hg(II) was precipitated together with Ce(OH)$_3$ by adding 3.0 ml of 0.1M Ce$^{3+}$ solution to 1,000 ml of water sample and adjusting pH to 11.0 with 1.0M NaOH solution. The hydrophobic precipitate[Ce(OH)$_3$-Hg(OH)$_2$], which was formed by adding 2.0 ml of 0.1${\%}$ ethanolic sodium oleate solution, were floated on the surface with an aid of tiny nitrogen gas bubbles. The floated materials were quatitatively collected in a suction flask and dissolved with 5.0 ml of 2.0M HNO$_3$. The solution was marked to 25.00 ml with a deionized water. The content of Hg(II) was determined by cold vapor atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Any interferences of concomitants such as Ag$^+$, Br$^-$, I$^- $, etc. were not observed on the whole procedure. The analytical result showed that Hg(II) found in the wastewater of Seochang Campus, Korea University was 1.98 ng/ml with the relative standard deviation of 3.6${\%}$. And recoveries of Hg(II) in the wastewater into which 1.0 ng/ml and 2.0 ng/ml were added were 95${\%}$ and 91${\%}$, respectively. From such results, this procedure could be concluded to be tolerably accurate and reproducible for the determination of trace mercury in a water sample.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.55 no.1
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• pp.38-45
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• 2011

The complexation behavior of the $\alpha$-ketostabilized phosphorus ylides $Ph_3P$=CHC(O) $C_6H_4-X$ (X=Br, Ph) towards the transition metal ions mercury (II) and Silver (I) was investigated. The mercury(II) complex {$HgX_2$ [Y]} 2 ($Y_1$=4-bromo benzoyl methylene triphenyl phosphorane; X=Cl(1), Br(2), I(3), $Y_2$=4-phenyl benzoyl methylene triphenyl phosphorane; X=Cl(4), Br(5), I(6)) have been prepared from the reaction of $Y_1$ and $Y_2$ with $HgX_2$ (X=Cl, Br, I) respectively. Silver complexes [$Ag(Y_2)_2]$ X(X=$BF_4$(7), OTf(8)) of the $\alpha$-keto-stabilized phosphorus ylides ($Y_2$) were obtained by reacting this ylide with AgX (X=$BF_4$, OTf) in $Me_2CO$. The crystal structure of complexes (1) and (4) was discussed. These reactions led to binuclear complexes C-coordination of ylide and trans-like structure of complexes $[Y_1HgCl_2]_2$. $CHCl_3$ (1) and $[Y_2HgCl_2]_2$ (4) is demonstrated by single crystal X-ray analyses. Not only all of complexes have been studied by IR, $^1H$ and $^{31}P$ NMR spectroscopy, but also complexes 1-3 have been characterized by $^{13}$CNMR.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.236-240
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• 2011

Mercury known as quicksilver, is the most common cause of heavy metal toxicity. Toxicity caused by excessive mercury exposure is now being recognized as a widespread environmental problem and is continuing to attract a great deal of public concerns. The mercury genotoxicity could be its effect on DNA repair mechanisms, which constitute the defense system designated to protect genome integrity. The objective of this study is to confirm that mercuric chloride inhibits the repair of gamma ray-induced DNA damage. The earthworm of Eisenia fetida was chosen for this study because it is an internationally accepted model species for toxicity testing with a cosmopolitan distribution. Experiments were done to identify the levels of DNA damage and the repair kinetics in the coelomocytes of E. fetida irradiated with 20 Gy gamma rays alone or with gamma rays after 40 mg $kg^{-1}$ $HgCl_2$ treatment by means of the single cell gel electrophoresis assay. The Olive tail moments were measured during 0~96 hours after irradiation. The repair time in the animals treated with the combination of $HgCl_2$ and ionizing radiation was nearly five times longer than that in the animals treated with ionizing radiation alone. Also, E. fetida exposed to mercury showed a statistically lower repair efficiency of gamma ray-induced DNA damage. The results suggest that the mercury could even have deleterious effects on the DNA repair system. Influence of mercury on the DNA repair mechanisms has been confirmed by this study.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.725-730
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• 2013

An investigation of the coordination behavior of sulfur-containing mixed-donor tribenzo-macrocycles $L^1-L^3$ ($L^1$: 20-membered $O_3S_2$, $L^2$: 20-membered $O_2S_3$, and $L^3$: 23-membered $O_4S_2$) with $d^{10}$-metal ($Ag^+$, $Hg^{2+}$, and $Pb^{2+}$) salts is reported. The X-ray structures of five complexes (1-5) with different structural types and stoichiometries, including mono- to dinuclear species have been determined. Reactions of $L^2$ and $L^3$ with the silver(I) salts ($PF_6{^-}$ and $SCN^-$) afforded two dinuclear 2:2 (metal-to-ligand) complexes with different arrangements: a sandwich-type cyclic dinuclear complex $[Ag_2(L^2)_2](PF_6)_2{\cdot}3CH_2Cl_2$ (1) and a linear dinuclear complex $[Ag_2(L^3)_2(SCN)_2]$ (2), in which two monosilver(I) complex units are linked by an Ag-Ag contact. Reactions of $L^1$ and $L^2$ with mercury(II) salts ($SCN^-$ and $Cl^-$) gave a mononuclear 1:1 complexes $[Hg(L^1)(SCN)_2]$ (3) and $[Hg(L^2)Cl_2]$ (4) with anion coordination in both cases. $L^2$ reacts with lead(II) perchlorate to yield a mononuclear sandwich-type complex $[Pb(L^2)_2(ClO_4)_2]$ (5), giving an overall metal coordination geometry of eight with a square antiprism arrangement. From these results, the effects of the donor variation and the anioncoordination ability on the resulting topologies of the soft metal complexes are discussed.

• Membrane Journal
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.241-252
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• 2021

Rapid industrialization with growing population leads to environmental water pollution. Demand in generation of clean water from waste water is ever increasing by scarcity of rain water due to change in weather pattern. Colorimetric detection of heavy metal present in clean water is very simple and effective technique. In this review membrane based colorimetric detection of mercury (II) ions are discussed in details. Membrane such as cellulose, polycaprolactone, chitosan, polysulfone etc., are used as support for metal ion detection. Nanofiber based materials have wide range of applications in energy, environment and biomedical research. Membranes made up of nanofiber consist up plenty of functional groups available in the polymer along with large surface area and high porosity. As a result, it is easy for surface modification and grafting of ligand on the fiber surface enhanced nanoparticles attachment.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.32 no.6
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• pp.2003-2007
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• 2011

We report a highly sensitive surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) platform for the selective trace analysis of mercury (II) ions in drinkable water using aptamer-conjugated silver nanoparticles. Here, an aptamer designed to specifically bind to $Hg^{2+}$ ions in aqueous solution was labelled with a TAMRA moiety at the 5' end and used as a Raman reporter. Polyamine spermine tetrahydrochloride (spermine) was used to promote surface adsorption of the aptamer probes onto the silver nanoparticles. When $Hg^{2+}$ ions are added to the system, binding of $Hg^{2+}$ with T-T pairs results in a conformational rearrangement of the aptamer to form a hairpin structure. As a result of the reduced of electrostatic repulsion between silver nanoparticles, aggregation of silver nanoparticles occurs, and the SERS signal is significantly increased upon the addition of $Hg^{2+}$ ions. Under optimized assay conditions, the concentration limit of detection was estimated to be 5 nM, and this satisfies a limit of detection below the EPA defined limit of 10 nM in drinkable water.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.55 no.4
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• pp.620-625
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• 2011

A simple, rapid potentiometric back titration of Isoniazid (INH) in the presence of Rifampicin (RIF) in tablets and syrups is described. The method is based on the oxidation of INH by a known excess of copper (II) ion and the back titration of unreacted copper (II) ion potentiometrically with ascorbic acid using a lab-made Copper Based Mercury Film Electrode (CBMFE). The titration conditions have been optimized for the determination of 1.0-10.0 mg of INH in pure and dosage forms. The precision and accuracy of the method have been assessed by the application of lack-of-fit test and other statistical methods. Interference was not caused by RIF and other excipients present in dosage forms. Application of the method for INH assay in tablets and syrups was validated by comparison of the results of proposed method with that of the British Pharmacopoeia (BP) method using F- and t- statistical tests of significance.