• Women's Health Nursing
• /
• v.17 no.1
• /
• pp.10-20
• /
• 2011

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of integrated menopause management program derived theoretical framework of King (1981)'s goal attainment theory model for middle aged women. Methods: This research was a nonequivalent control group non-synchronized design. The subjects of this study were 37 middle aged women in Busan and experiencing menopause; 17 for the experimental group and 20 for the control group. Experimental group was educated for 1 hour group interchange activity and five minutes individual interchange activity, once a week during 8 weeks. Measurement for comparison were taken two times, at baseline, 8wks. The effects were evaluated with menopause symptom, menopause knowledge, menopause attitude and menopause management. Results: The experimental group was significantly lower than control group on menopause symptom (F=5.936, p=.010) and higher than control group on menopause knowledge (F=12.031, p=.001) and menopause management (F=5.861, p=.010) after integrated menopause management program. However integrated menopause management program did not make significant differences on menopause attitude (F=0.105, p=.374). Conclusion: Results indicate that integrated menopause management program could be an effective intervention decreasing menopause symptom and for increasing menopause knowledge, menopause management in middle aged women.

• The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
• /
• v.24 no.4
• /
• pp.150-162
• /
• 2011

Purpose: To investigate the change of the climacteric syndrome with women with induced menopause by hysterectomy or ovariectomy compared with women with natural menopause. Methods: Menopausal women(aged 45-55) were selected at two oriental medicine hospitals, Sam-se Oriental Medicine Hospital and Daegu Hannny Oriental Medicine Hospital. They were asked about Kupperman's Index, MENQOL and a few additional questions. They were divided into two groups: women with induced menopause by hysterectomy or ovariectomy and women with natural menopause. To analyse the Kupperman's index and MENQOL, SPSS for Windows 12.0 and Wilcoxon Ranked Sum Test were used. Results: The total sums of Kupperman's index and MENQOL were significantly correlated with women with induced menopause and women with natural menopause and women with induced menopause had higher total sums. Both the renal and urinary tract disorder and the sexual disorder were significantly correlated with women with induced menopause and women with natural menopause. The gastrointestinal and psychosocial disorder of Kupperman's index and MENQOL were not significantly correlated with women with induced menopause and women with natural menopause. Conclusions: Women with induced menopause by hysterectomy or ovariectomy experienced climacteric syndrome more severely compared with women with natural menopause, specifically the renal and urinary tract disorder and sexual disorder.

• Korean Journal of Psychosomatic Medicine
• /
• v.4 no.1
• /
• pp.120-123
• /
• 1996

Regarding menopause as a turning point in woman's lift, the author reviewed the psychosocial aspects of menopause. Seeing menstruation as the symbolic meaning of female sexuality, psychoanalysts argue that menopause, the loss of symbolic meaning of female sexuality, may bring a mourning reaction to woman. It is reported that the high ratio of depression does not have a serious relationship with the menopause syndrome, and that depression cannot be viewed as a different symptoms. It is also proved that most women successfully recover themselves from temporary menopause symptom. Research data shows that some women have a negative thought on the meaning of menopause. Others, however, have a positive concept on the meaning of menopause because of the feeling of release and freedom. In sum, the author suggests that psychosocial consideration is very important as much as bilogical consideration in considering the meaning of menopausal syndrome.

• Women's Health Nursing
• /
• v.14 no.4
• /
• pp.257-269
• /
• 2008

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate educational needs, knowledge and attitude towards menopause in middle-aged women Method: The research design was a descriptive study. The subjects of this study were 231 middle-aged women. Data was collected from a structured questionnaire from October 2 to November 30, 2007. Result: The score of educational needs towards menopause was relatively high at 3.83/5. The score of educational needs related to 'Osteoporosis'(3.99 score), 'Cardiovascular disease'(3.91 score), and 'Hormone replacement therapy'(3.87 score) was relatively high. The score of know ledge towards menopause was relatively low at 17.28/30. The score of attitude towards menopause was neutral at 2.3/4. The relationship between knowledge and attitude towards menopause revealed a negative significant correlation(r=-.194, p=.003). The relationship between knowledge and educational needs towards menopause revealed a positive significant correlation(r=0.275, p<.0001). The degree of educational needs of women before menopause is higher than in menopausal women. Conclusion: There is a need to develop a continuing educational program according to age and menopause condition. Specialists(Nurses) must give information about menopause for a positive attitude toward menopause.

• The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
• /
• v.27 no.1
• /
• pp.206-216
• /
• 2014

Objectives: The Purpose of this study is to report the effects of Ondam-tang gagambang on menopause syndrome. Methods: Four patients who had menopause syndrome as chief complaints were treated by Gamiondam-tang or Kuibiondam-tang for two weeks. We evaluated the results of treatment by change of symptoms, Kupperman's Index and Menopause Rating Scale (MRS). Results: After treatment, menopause syndrome cases were improved. Almost scores of Kupperman's Index & Menopause Rating Scale (MRS) were reduced. Conclusions: This study suggests that Ondam-tang gagambang is effective on overall Menopause syndrome cases.

• Women's Health Nursing
• /
• v.24 no.4
• /
• pp.336-345
• /
• 2018

Purpose: To identify factors influencing adaptation to menopause in middle-aged women. Methods: Participants were 157 middle-aged women who visited Y gynecologic clinic in C city. Data were collected through interviews using the Korean CES-D (Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression), climacteric symptoms, life event stress, and menopausal adaptation scale. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, t-test, one-way ANOVA, $Scheff{\acute{e}}$ test, Pearson correlation coefficient, and multiple regression using SPSS. Results: There were significant differences in adaptation to menopause according to monthly income, life satisfaction, and marital satisfaction. Adaptation to menopause had significantly negative correlations with depression, climacteric symptoms, and life event stress. Depression, monthly income, climacteric symptoms, and life event stress were verified as factors affecting adaptation to menopause. These factors accounted for 41.9% of adaptation to menopause. Conclusion: These variables should be considered in nursing interventions to improve adaptation to menopause in middle-aged women. Individuals should have the will to overcome menopause positively and actively.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
• /
• v.18 no.5
• /
• pp.312-318
• /
• 2018

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between early menopause and periodontal disease in postmenopausal women using data from the 6th Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2013~2015). A study was conducted with 2,048 postmenopausal women aged 45 to 74 years. Participants were divided into the early menopause group (menopause occurring at age 45 years or before) and normal menopause group (menopause occurring after age 45 years). A community periodontal index greater than or equal to code 3 was used to define periodontal treatment needs. A chi-square test was used to confirm the bivariate relationship between the variables. Multinomial logistic regression analysis was used to adjust for covariates (age, education, family income, body mass index, alcohol drinking, smoking, visiting dentist in the last year, use of oral care products, frequency of tooth brushing per day). The risk of periodontal disease was higher in the early menopause group after adjusting for potential confounders (odds ratio, 1.59). In particular, the relationship between early menopause and periodontal disease was more evident in women with low education and those who did not use oral care products. The findings of this study suggest that early menopause is a significant factor of periodontal disease in Korean women.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
• /
• v.25 no.4
• /
• pp.807-824
• /
• 1995

This study was intended to provide women who are experiencing menopause with effective nursing care by exploring the menopause experience. The purpose of the research was to understand the subjective feelings of women about the question of what the menopause experience is. Q-Methodological method was used for that purpose. As the research method, Q-statements were collected preliminary to the study of through in -depth interviews and a literature review. For the study 34 Q-statements were selected. There were 21 women as subjects for the research. The 21 women sorted the 34 statements using the principle of Forced Normal Distribution. The principle of Forced Normal Distribution, which has nine scales to measure the individual opinions, was called Q-Factor Analysis by using PC Quanl Program to supply the material. As a result, there were four categories(self-com-passion type, self-regulation type, self-perception type, self-abandonment type) of special opinion about the menopause experience in these women. The first type was called Self-compassion This type' was associated with varying degrees of emotonal instability(psychological withdrawal). And type in menopause signifies loss of a socially valued status and may result in depressive symptoms. This type expresses the menopause experience as associated with negative reaction. The second type is called Self-regulation. This type overcomes the menopause experience more actively than the other types and do not express the menopause experience as one of suffering. This type make efforts by themselves to regulate the mono-pause experience. The third type is called Self-perception. This type perceives the experience of menopause which as typical menopausal syndrome (hot flashes and decreased vaginal lubrication, decreased estrogen producing atrophic changes of the labia and vaginal mucosa, making intercourse uncomfortable). The fourth type is called Self- abandonment. This type denies the experience of menopause. The meaning of menopausal experience is significantly related with a life accident or life load. Also, This type experiences pain in the musculoskeletal system. As a result, The meaning of the menopausal experience is affected by perceived subjective experience of the nurses, the need to understand each persons meaning of the menopause experience and to develop appropriate nursing interventions based on the typology of menopause experience. Finally. The result of the study will provide basic data for nursing intervention the menopausal women.

• Korean Parent-Child Health Journal
• /
• v.13 no.2
• /
• pp.55-62
• /
• 2010

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to describe life stress, life satisfaction, and adaptation of middle-aged women in the menopause period. Methods: The research design was to descriptive study using self-report questionnaires. Participants were 129 middle aged women living at A city. Data were collected from June 1 to June 30 and analyzed using SPSS/WIN program. Results: Significant differences in menopause adaptation were evident on the basis of spouse. There were significant differences in life satisfaction in terms of income. Life satisfaction was positively correlated to menopause period adaptation. Life stress was negatively correlated to menopause period adaptation. Life satisfaction and life stress were accounted for 36.2% in menopause period adaptation of middle-aged women. Conclusion: These results provide evidence of the effects of life stress and life satisfaction of menopause period adaptation.

• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
• /
• v.3 no.1
• /
• pp.5-17
• /
• 1989

The purpose of this study was to investigate the natural menopause age of middle-aged women in Korea and to analyse various factors affecting them. For the collection of date, 1,140 women aged between 45-54 were selected through stratified sampling technics in Seoul and at a rual area in Kyong KiProvince. They were interviewed from Nov. 1 through Dec. 31,1987 by use of questionnaires made after pilot study had been performed twice. Among them the final subjects for analysis were restricted to only those who had experienced menopause or irregular menstruation during the past one year, the number of which was total 410:206 in urban and 204 in rural area. For the analysis, menopause age was used as dependent variables while fertility variables, socio-economic variables, bio-physical varibles, and insight of life variables were classified as independent variables. Dependent variables such as menopause was tested and analysed by descriptive statistical methods(e.g., frequency, percentage, mean, $X^2-test.$ t-test, ANOVA). The relation between menopause age and independent variables was analysed by use of Pearson's correlation coefficients. For the analysis of various factors affecting menopause age, multiple stepwise regression method was used. The obtained results are summarized as follows: 1. The natural menopause age of Korean women were 47.2 mean age: it was 47.7 and 46.7 mean age in urban and rural area respectively, which revealed that the former was later then the latter by one year. And the recollective error on menopause starting age between the menopause group and the group who had experienced irregular menstruation during the past one year was 0.4-0.7 year. 2. The main factors affecting the menopause age were (1) the duration of marital life, (2) the duration of oral pill use, (3) insight of life and economic status, (4) educational background. (5) menarche, (6) usual menstruation amount, (7) electic charge. and (8) area. These factors. altogether, could explain $18.4\%$ of factors related with menopause, and they took the high percentage in the order mentioned.