• 미생물학회지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.144-147
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• 1987

세가지 다른 광전조건하에서 (3,000Lux, 2,000Lux, 500Lux) Rc. gelatino년와 Rc. tenuis의 intracytoplasmic memrane 형성을 전자현민경으로 관찰한 결과 3,000Lux하에서의 배양에서는 Rc. gelatino년에서 가장 잘 membrane invagination을 관찰 할 수 있었고, Rc.tenuis에 대해서는 막의 invagination을 관찰할 수 있었다는 것과 관찰 할 수 없었다는 두 가지 연구보가 있는데, 본 연구에서는 후자와 일치하였고 auxin(10M)은 생장에 지장이 없었으나 intracytoplasmic membrane 형성에는 별 영향이 없는 것으로 관찰되었다.

• 한국동물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국동물학회 2006년도 제61회 한국생물과학협회 정기학술대회
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• pp.15-15
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• 2006

• Molecules and Cells
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• 제37권10호
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• pp.753-758
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• 2014

Sorting nexin 9 (SNX9) is a member of the sorting nexin family of proteins and plays a critical role in clathrinmediated endocytosis. It has a Bin-Amphiphysin-Rvs (BAR) domain which can form a crescent-shaped homodimer structure that induces deformation of the plasma membrane. While other BAR-domain containing proteins such as amphiphysin and endophilin have an amphiphatic helix in front of the BAR domain which plays a critical role in membrane penetration, SNX9 does not. Thus, whether and how SNX9 BAR domain could induce the deformation of the plasma membrane is not clear. The present study identified the internal putative amphiphatic stretch in the $1^{st}$ ${\alpha}$-helix of the SNX9 BAR domain and proved that together with the N-terminal helix ($H_0$) region, this internal putative amphiphatic stretch is critical for inducing membrane tubulation. Therefore, our study shows that SNX9 uses a unique mechanism to induce the tubulation of the plasma membrane which mediates proper membrane deformation during clathrinmediated endocytosis.

• Applied Microscopy
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.63-70
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• 1983

The cell division of Bacillus thuringiensis are studed by a electron microscope. It was observed that when the cell division was occurred, the bacterial transverse septeum was centripetally formed, and the bacterial spore was divided into two daughter cells. The fore spore septum was initiated by invagination from either sides of the cell membranes, and was easily distinguished it from the transverse septum of the vegetative cell division. The large vesicular mesosome was. observed at one end of the cell membrane. The nucleoids were of variously irregular shapes and had no a nuclear membrane. The morphology of the bacteria was visualizd by a scanning electron microscope. The surface of the cell was generally rough and had a single polar flagellum, which was appeared to be $0.2{\mu}$ in width and $13{\mu}$ in length.

• Applied Microscopy
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.71-85
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• 1985

The ultrastructure on the dorsal vessel of 5-day-old cabbage butterfly, Pieris rapae L., was carried out using the transmission and scanning electron microscope. The results are as follows. 1) The aorta. The aorta is simple tubular type and consists of the inner and outer membrane of the myocardium and thick myocardium is located between them. However the inner membrane with $0.26{\mu}m$ thickness and outer membrane with $0.08{\mu}m$ are composed of fibrous materials, the former is composed of low and high densed fibrous materials and the latter appears homogeneous layer. The myocardium consists of typical striated muscles. The sarcomere with $1.6{\mu}m$ length and in cross section, each thick filaments are surrounded by $7{\sim}8$ thin filaments. The intercalated disc is joining the end of the two muscle cells, desmosomes and septate junctions are appeared between the neighboring muscle cells. 2) The heart. The heart composing of myocardium enclosed by its inner and outer membrane as the aorta has a series of well formed segmental chamber. The arrangement of myofilaments, cell adhensions and membrane elements are observed as same as at the aorta. The inner membrane of the heart is deeply invaginated into the myocardium than the outer membrane and a lot of well developed mitochondria with rod shape are aggregated in the folds. The longitudinally and transversely oriented tubule system formed by invagnation of the sarcolemma into the muscle bundle is built up dyad with the sarcoplasmic reticulum as the aorta. The slit is formed by deeply invagination of the inner membrane of myocadium toward the muscle layer and then the inner and outer membrane of myocardium are fused. Therefore, the ostium is formed between the myocardium and situated at the lateral side of the myocardium.

• Applied Microscopy
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• 제39권4호
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• pp.333-340
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• 2009

다육질성 CAM 식물에서는 구조와 기능의 분화가 환경조건에 잘 적응된 합리적인 광합성을 수행하여 동일한 엽육세포에서 $CO_2$ 고정, 유기물 합성과 저장, 분해 및 활용하는 시간이 서로 다르게 나타난다. 이러한 유기산 대사는 CAM 식물의 가장 뚜렷한 대사적 특징으로 밤에 말산을 합성하여 액포에 저장하고 낮에 이용하므로 이들의 액포는 급격한 pH의 차이를 일주기성으로 조절해야 하는 매우 중요한 세포소기관이다. 본 연구에서는 식물체 내 생리적 건조가 지속되어 CAM 광합성을 수행하는 바위솔속 식물 3종의 다육질성 엽육조직 세포의 특성을 액포 구조분화에 초점을 두어 미세구조적으로 연구하였다. 바위솔속의 다육질성 엽육조직은 수분저장성 세포들로 구성되어 있으며, 액포융합 등의 액포화현상과 액포 내 다양한 2차 액포형성이 현저한 구조적 특징이었다. 이들 액포는 매우 역동적이어서 분열하여 다수의 소액포를 형성하거나 소액포들의 융합으로 큰 액포를 형성하였고, 일부는 전자밀도가 높은 저장성 액포로 발달하였다. 이러한 액포화는 세포의 크기를 경제적이고 에너지 효율적으로 증가시키는 방식으로 대부분의 다육질성 CAM 식물에서 발달하며, 낮과 밤에 일주기성으로 반복되는 세포 내 pH 농도의 급격한 변화를 대처할 수 있게 한다. 또한, 막 함입에 의한 다양한 크기의 수많은 2차 액포 형성은 단 기간 내에 액포막의 용적을 증가시켜 이러한 목적을 충족시켜 주는데 일주기적으로 사용되는 매우 중요한 세포 내 구획이 된다. 액포의 신장으로 세포질은 세포벽 주변부위로 밀려나 얇은 층으로 국한되었으나, 이들 세포질 내에서도 엽록체와 미토콘드리아는 액포와 밀접하게 연관되어 분포하고, 세포 간에는 원형질연락사가 잘 발달하였다. 이러한 미세구조들의 발달은 다육질성 엽육세포가 일주기성으로 급변하는 세포 내 유기산 대사과정에 적응하기 위해 액포에서의 신속하고 원활한 대사물질의 수송이 이루어져야 하기 때문일 것으로 추정된다.

• 한국연초학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.33-40
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• 1995

Structures of the adventitious root meristem induced from callus culture of tobaco (Nicotiana tabacum cv. NC 82) leaves were investigated by light and transmission electron microscopy. Structural differences between in vitro root and callus cells were also examined by the microscopy. The submicroscopic features of the in vitro root cells were as follows. Intercellular spaces were not developed and nuclei with two nucleoli were observed occasionally. Plasmodesmate were found in groups or sing1y on transverse and longitudinal walls. Amyloplast solely filled with starch grains, with one to five electron - dense bands, was surrounded by single membrane. in the callus cells, vacuolization of central part in the cytoplasm having mitochondria with swollen cristae and starch grains like those of in vitro root cells was a distinct feature. Vesicles which were found between cell wall and plasma membrane may be arisen by a process of protoplasmic invagination. By comparing of ultrastructures between the cells of callus and in vitro roots we found that the distinct differences lied on thickened cell walls and hypertrophed vacuoles in the former, and less thickened cell walls and several small vacuoles in the later.

• 한국동물학회지
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.107-123
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• 1983

The globus pallidus of normal cats were prepared for electron microscopic study following perfusion with a mixture of 1% paraformaldehyde and 1% glutaraldehyde solution. Neurons of two size categories were identified in 1 $\\mu$m araldite sections and their ultrastructural characteristics were studied in adjacent thin section. 1. Large neurons ($30 \\mum \\times 45 \\mum$ in diameter) had extensive areas of rough surfaced endoplasmic reticulm, abundant perinuclear Golgi complex, numerous mitochondria and lipofusin granule, and had a large spherical nucleus with shallow indentation of nuclear manbrane. Small neurons ($17 \\mum \\times 27 \\mum$ in diameter) had poorly rough surfaced endoplasmic reticulum, moderate number of mitochondria and randomly distributed Golgi complex. The nuclear envelope of this cell frequently showed multiple deep invagination. 2. Three types of axo-somatic synapses were identified on the basis of the size and shape of vesicle in the axon terminal and the symmetrical or asymmetrical thickening at the synaptic site. Type I synaptic terminal shows an even distribution of round and oval synaptic vesicles, and has a symmetrical synaptic thickening. Type II axon terminals reveal mostly round and pleomorphic vesicles and a few vesicles were localized near the presynaptic membrane in pale axoplasm and its synaptic thickening were symmetric. Type III axon terminals contain round vesicles, which were aggregated in the axoplasm, and has a asymmetrical synaptic thickening. 3. The majority of axo-somatic contact with the large and small neurons were type I, and type II and III synapes were rare.

• Applied Microscopy
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.79-93
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• 1996

The differentiation of nail matrix and fine structure of matrix cells were studied with light and electron microscope using specimens from nails of thumb finger in Korean fetuses 14 to 24 weeks old. Fetal nail matrix consisted of two horizontal layers, thicker ventral and thinner dorsal matrices, originating from invagination of epidermis in proximal nail field. Matrix being generally thicker in its distal region than the apex became gradually thickened with increase of the fetal age. Each matrix consisted of single layer of basal cells and multiple layers of squamous cells which are arranged close to and parallel to the central axis of the nail mairix. The process of keratinization of fetal nail matrix was noted to be occured concurrently in the ventral and dorsal matrices along the central axis of matrix toward distal and dorsal direction. Squamous cells became matured with accumulation of tonofilaments, increase of keratohyalin granules, discharge of membrane coating granules, and narrowing of intercellular spaces, thickening of plasma membrane and finally being transformed into horny cells of nail plate. Horny cells of nail plate filled with fibrous elements in the electron dense amorphous substance. These findings of keratinization process of fetal nail matrix appeared to be similar to those of keratinization in epidermis and inner root sheath of the hair. In the nail matrix, however, corresponding region to the keratogenous zone of growing hair follicle was not observed. Vacuolated squamous cells of nail matrix seen on light microscopy was considered to be artefactual product, but squamous cells with condensed small nuclei rarely found adjacent nail plate was considered to be one of the squamous cells with unknown function. Proximal end of nail plate was observed on dorsal surface of nail field distal to the proximal nail fold at 14 and 16 weeks old human embryos. Proximal prolongation of the proximal end of nail plate was occured with advancing fetal age and afterward 21 weeks nail plate invaded into nail matrix. Melanin granule containing cells and Merkel cells were present only on the basal layer of dorsal nail matirx.

• 대한기관식도과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기관식도과학회 1981년도 제15차 학술대회연제순서 및 초록
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• pp.39.3-40
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• 1981

후천적진주종의 형성에 있어서 고막의 Shrapnell부분과 외이도후상부 상피의 상고 실내 침입 및 고막 중심성천공의 margin으로부터 상피가 침입하는 이른바 immigration설과 이밖에 metaplasia설이 있다. 임상적으로 진주종이 상고실에 형성된다는 사실은 알려져 왔으나 그 발생기전에 대한 해명은 충분하지 않는 실정이다. 연자 등은 최근에 중이수술을 시행한 진주종 170례에 대하여 검토를 가하였다. 수술소견에 있어서 진주종의 primary focus가 상고실에 있을 때 Shrapnell부위의 marginal 및 central perforation 2가지 형의 천공이 관찰되었으며 Prussak's space안으로 retraction 및 Rivinus notch의 골벽결손 등을 볼 수 있었고 진주종이 있었던 36례중 Shrapnell부위의 중심성천공을 동반한 경우 5례, Rivinus notch의 골벽이 결손된 경우와 Shrapnell부위의 후상부 marginal perforation이 있고 진주종을 형성한 경우 21례, 그중 Shrapnell부위의 중심성천공을 동반한 경우 3례였다. 결론적으로 상고실 진주종이 잘 생기는 이유는 1) 상고실은 염증성분필물을 배설하는 구씨관입구와의 거리가 있고 2) 고막 Shrapnell부위의 고유층은 collagen fiber가 긴장부에 비해서 엷고 탄력성섬유가 많기 때문에 표피층의 각화증식을 일으킬 경우 Prussak's space내로 retraction을 일으키기 쉽다. 3) Shrapnell부위의 상부에 위치한 Rivinus notch에 부착한 epidermis는 각화증식에 의하여 Rivinus notch margin과 여기에 부착하고 있는 고막연의 margin사이를 파괴하여 상고실로 상피가 침입하게 된다.