• Title/Summary/Keyword: Member function

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miR-4463 regulates aromatase expression and activity for 17β-estradiol synthesis in response to follicle-stimulating hormone

  • Lee, Su-Yeon;Kang, Youn-Jung;Kwon, Jinie;Nishi, Yoshihiro;Yanase, Toshihiko;Lee, Kyung-Ah;Koong, Mi Kyoung
    • Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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    • v.47 no.3
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    • pp.194-206
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    • 2020
  • Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate microRNAs (miRNAs) related to follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) responsiveness using miRNA microarrays and to identify their target genes to determine the molecular regulatory pathways involved in FSH signaling in KGN cells. Methods: To change the cellular responsiveness to FSH, KGN cells were treated with FSH receptor (FSHR)-specific small interfering RNA (siRNA) followed by FSH. miRNA expression profiles were determined through miRNA microarray analysis. Potential target genes of selected miRNAs were predicted using bioinformatics tools, and their regulatory function was confirmed in KGN cells. Results: We found that six miRNAs (miR-1261, miR-130a-3p, miR-329-3p, miR-185-5p, miR-144-5p and miR-4463) were differentially expressed after FSHR siRNA treatment in KGN cells. Through a bioinformatics analysis, we showed that these miRNAs were predicted to regulate a large number of genes, which we narrowed down to cytochrome P450 family 19 subfamily A member 1 (CYP19A1) and estrogen receptor alpha (ESR1) as the main targets for miR-4463. Functional analysis revealed that miR-4463 is a regulatory factor for aromatase expression and function in KGN cells. Conclusion: In this study, we identified differentially expressed miRNAs related to FSH responsiveness. In particular, upregulation of miR-4463 expression by FSHR deficiency in human granulosa cells impaired 17β-estradiol synthesis by targeting CYP19A1 and ESR1. Therefore, our data might provide novel candidates for molecular biomarkers for use in research into poor responders.

AtERF11 is a positive regulator for disease resistance against a bacterial pathogen, Pseudomonas syringae, in Arabidopsis thaliana (애기장대 AtERF11 유전자에 의한 Pseudomonas syringae에 대한 병 저항성 유도)

  • Kwon, Tack-Min;Jung, Yun-Hui;Jeong, Soon-Jae;Yi, Young-Byung;Nam, Jae-Sung
    • Journal of Life Science
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    • v.17 no.2 s.82
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    • pp.235-240
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    • 2007
  • AvrRpt2 protein triggers hypersensitive response (HR) and strong disease resistance when it is translocated from a bacterial pathogen Pseudomonas sp. to host plant cells containing a cognate RPS2 resistance protein through Type III Secretion System (TTSS). However, AvrRpt2 protein can function as the effector that suppresses a basal defense and enhances the disease symptom when functional RPS2 resistance protein is absent in the infected plant cells. Using Affymetrix Arabidopsis DNA chip, we found that many genes were specifically regulated by AvrRpt2 protein in the rps2 Arabidopsis mutant. Here, we showed that expression of AtERF11 that is known as a member of B1a subcluster of AP2/ERF transcription factor family was down regulated specifically by AvrRpt2. To determine its function in plant resistance, we also generated the Arabidopsis thaliana transgenic plants constitutively overexpressing AtERF11 under CaMV 355 promoter, which conferred an enhanced resistance against a bacterial pathogen, Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000. Thus, these results collectively suggest that AtERF11 plays a role as a positive regulator for disease resistance against biotrophic bacterial pathogen in plant.

A Development of Simple Fuel Consumption Estimation and Optimized Route Recommendation System based on Voyage Data of Vessel (항차 데이터 기반 간이 연료 소모량 추정 및 최적 경유 항구 추천 시스템 개발)

  • Woo, Snag-Min;Hwang, Hun-Gyu;Kim, Bae-Sung;Woo, Yun-Tae;Lee, Jang-Se
    • Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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    • v.22 no.3
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    • pp.480-490
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    • 2018
  • Recently, The MRV (monitoring, reporting and verification) regulation, which measures, reports and verifies the emission gas of vessel to head for member countries of Europe Union (EU), is being implemented. As part this reason, we develop a system that estimates simple fuel consumption and recommends optimized stop-over ports of vessel, to calculate amount of carbon emission. To do this, we analyze fuel, distance and time consumption between port and the other port based on stored voyage data for over 10 years of real-ship, and implement a simple fuel consumption estimation module using analyzed result. Also, we design and implement the optimized route recommendation algorithm, existing navigation route display function including comparison with the optimized routes and user custom route plan function. Therefore, we expect the developed system is helpful when makes a navigation route and so on by reference indexes and we anticipate the system to have a sense for future research which learns and predicts for accuracy result.

A Basic Analysis on the Operation of the Cultural Heritage Committee (부록 1. 문화재위원회의 역할에 관한 기초적 분석)

  • Kim, Hong-real
    • Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
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    • v.38
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    • pp.421-474
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    • 2005
  • The Cultural Heritage Committee is an advisory committee established under the Cultural Heritage Administration with the aim of carrying out examination and deliberation on preservation, management and use of cultural properties. The Cultural Heritage Administration is responsible for Korean cultural properties. It was found to produce and execute policies on cultural properties, which involves in-depth investigation and consultation of experts in the fields of cultural properties. In here the Cultural Heritage Committee plays an important role in policy-making on Korean cultural properties. Governmental committees in Korea are largely divided into consultation committees and administrative commissions. Consultation committees are subdivided into consultation, deliberation and legislative committees. The Korean government established the Bureau of Cultural Properties in October 1961, and enacted provisions (as a presidential decree) on March 27, 1962, by the Cultural Properties Act, January 10, 1962. The Cultural Heritage Committee was opened as a deliberation committee which covers the entirety of cultural properties, including designation and cancellation of cultural properties, on which currently 120 members serve in 9 subcommittees. The committee member hold two years membership. This analysis contains a frame and scheme of the committee, function and statue of the current operation and study on role of a deliberation committee.

A Comparative Study on Approximate Models and Sensitivity Analysis of Active Type DSF for Offshore Plant Float-over Installation Using Orthogonal Array Experiment (직교배열실험을 이용한 해양플랜트 플로트오버 설치 작업용 능동형 DSF의 민감도해석과 근사모델 비교연구)

  • Kim, Hun-Gwan;Song, Chang Yong
    • Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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    • v.12 no.3
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    • pp.187-196
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    • 2021
  • The paper deals with comparative study for characteristics of approximation of design space according to various approximate models and sensitivity analysis using orthogonal array experiments in structure design of active type DSF which was developed for float-over installation of offshore plant. This study aims to propose the orthogonal array experiments based design methodology which is able to efficiently explore an optimum design case and to generate the accurate approximate model. Thickness sizes of main structure member were applied to the design factors, and output responses were considered structure weight and strength performances. Quantitative effects on the output responses for each design factor were evaluated using the orthogonal array experiment. Best design case was also identified to improve the structure design with weight minimization. From the orthogonal array experiment results, various approximate models such as response surface model, Kriging model, Chebyshev orthogonal polynomial model, and radial basis function based neural network model were generated. The experiment results from orthogonal array method were validated by the approximate modeling results. It was found that the radial basis function based neural network model among the approximate models was able to approximate the design space of the active type DSF with the highest accuracy.

The Effect of Breathing Meditation Qigong Therapy on the Recovery of Olfactory Disorders and Voice Handicap Index in Parkinson's Disease Patients (호흡명상기공테라피가 파킨슨병 환자의 후각 및 음성 기능장애 개선에 미치는 효과)

  • So Jung An;Hun Mo Ahn
    • Journal of Korean Medical Ki-Gong Academy
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    • v.23 no.1
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    • pp.10-29
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    • 2024
  • Objective : The purpose of this study is to determine whether An's breathing meditation qigong therapy (ABMQT) delivers bioenergy to the frontal lobe, prefrontal lobe, the olfactory tract in the mesolimbic pathway, olfactory bulb, CV22, CV21, olfactory area and vocal-related areas in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients to help improve olfactory disorders (anosmia) and vocal functions. Methods : The subjects of this study were 4 patients with idiopathic PD (3 males/1 female, 65.0±NA/68.7±10.2 years old). ABMQT was applied once a week, 120 minutes per session for 12 weeks in a non-invasive and noncontact manner, and the test before and after ABMQT application included olfactory impairment test the Korean version of Sniffin' stick test (KVSS), voice acoustic test, aerodynamic test, vocal handicap index (VHI-30), and auditory perception scale test tools. The results before and after the experiment were analyzed assuming a normal distribution, and a chi-square test was performed using a continuity correction, and the significance level was set to p<0.05. And the medical diagnosis and findings of the examiner (doctor in charge) before and after the experiment were described. Results : KVSS was significant as 0.2±0.5 and 9.0±0.0 before and after the experiment. There was no significant difference between the voice acoustic test FO and Jitter, the vocal aerodynamic test MPT, SP, AE, the vocal disorder index test, and the auditory perception test. However, the medical diagnosis findings of four study subjects showed that olfactory disorders, voice disorders, and laryngeal function were improved before and after the application of ABMQT. Conclusions : The breathing meditation qigong program showed significant effects on improving the olfactory disorders (anosmia) and speech function of each study subject. However, to produce meaningful results, it is thought that experiments involving a larger number of research participants are necessary, and additional blood and FMRI tests are conducted to verify metabolic activities and the olfactory neuron signal transmission system.

A Study on Shape Optimization of Plane Truss Structures (평면(平面) 트러스 구조물(構造物)의 형상최적화(形狀最適化)에 관한 구연(究研))

  • Lee, Gyu won;Byun, Keun Joo;Hwang, Hak Joo
    • KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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    • v.5 no.3
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    • pp.49-59
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    • 1985
  • Formulation of the geometric optimization for truss structures based on the elasticity theory turn out to be the nonlinear programming problem which has to deal with the Cross sectional area of the member and the coordinates of its nodes simultaneously. A few techniques have been proposed and adopted for the analysis of this nonlinear programming problem for the time being. These techniques, however, bear some limitations on truss shapes loading conditions and design criteria for the practical application to real structures. A generalized algorithm for the geometric optimization of the truss structures which can eliminate the above mentioned limitations, is developed in this study. The algorithm developed utilizes the two-phases technique. In the first phase, the cross sectional area of the truss member is optimized by transforming the nonlinear problem into SUMT, and solving SUMT utilizing the modified Newton-Raphson method. In the second phase, the geometric shape is optimized utilizing the unidirctional search technique of the Rosenbrock method which make it possible to minimize only the objective function. The algorithm developed in this study is numerically tested for several truss structures with various shapes, loading conditions and design criteria, and compared with the results of the other algorithms to examme its applicability and stability. The numerical comparisons show that the two-phases algorithm developed in this study is safely applicable to any design criteria, and the convergency rate is very fast and stable compared with other iteration methods for the geometric optimization of truss structures.

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On the Secretion and Functions of Equine Chorionic Gonadotropin (말의 융모성 성선자극 호르몬의 분비와 기능)

  • Min, K.S.
    • Korean Journal of Animal Reproduction
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    • v.24 no.2
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    • pp.125-142
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    • 2000
  • 13). Analysis of a purified preparation of eCG revealed that its $\beta$ -subunit consists of 149 amino acids, which was confirmed by the molecular cloning of its cDNA. There seem to be at least four to six, or even as many as 11, O-glycosylation sites on the extended C-tenninal region of the eCG $\beta$-subunit. Interestingly, eCG is a unique member of this family, as it appear to be a single molecule that possesses both LH- and FSH-like activities. Using the cDNA prepared from mRNA extracted from equine placental and pituitary tissues, we cloned the cDNA of eCG $\alpha$- and $\beta$ -subunits and eFSH $\beta$ -subunit. The mRNA expression of each subunit seems to be independently regulated, which may account for differences in the quantities of $\alpha$ - and $\beta$ -subunits in the placenta and pituitary. Thus, eCG is a distinct molecule from the view points of its biological function and glycoresidue structures. Recombinant eCGs including the mutants which lack oligosaccharides will be useful tools for analyzing the structure-function relationships of gonadotropins in the horse as well as other species. Similar experiments will also clarify the proposed structure and biological functions for the glycoprotein hormones. These experimental are now possible, and hopefully a resolution of the existing controversy will be forthcoming in the near future.

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The Optimal Configuration of Arch Structures Using Force Approximate Method (부재력(部材力) 근사해법(近似解法)을 이용(利用)한 아치구조물(構造物)의 형상최적화(形狀最適化)에 관한 연구(研究))

  • Lee, Gyu Won;Ro, Min Lae
    • KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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    • v.13 no.2
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    • pp.95-109
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    • 1993
  • In this study, the optimal configuration of arch structure has been tested by a decomposition technique. The object of this study is to provide the method of optimizing the shapes of both two hinged and fixed arches. The problem of optimal configuration of arch structures includes the interaction formulas, the working stress, and the buckling stress constraints on the assumption that arch ribs can be approximated by a finite number of straight members. On the first level, buckling loads are calculated from the relation of the stiffness matrix and the geometric stiffness matrix by using Rayleigh-Ritz method, and the number of the structural analyses can be decreased by approximating member forces through sensitivity analysis using the design space approach. The objective function is formulated as the total weight of the structures, and the constraints are derived by including the working stress, the buckling stress, and the side limit. On the second level, the nodal point coordinates of the arch structures are used as design variables and the objective function has been taken as the weight function. By treating the nodal point coordinates as design variable, the problem of optimization can be reduced to unconstrained optimal design problem which is easy to solve. Numerical comparisons with results which are obtained from numerical tests for several arch structures with various shapes and constraints show that convergence rate is very fast regardless of constraint types and configuration of arch structures. And the optimal configuration or the arch structures obtained in this study is almost the identical one from other results. The total weight could be decreased by 17.7%-91.7% when an optimal configuration is accomplished.

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A Study of Local Festival for the China Hebeisheng (중국 하북성 마을제 연구 - 하북성조현범장이월이룡패회중룡신적여인(河北省趙縣范庄二月二龍牌會中龍神的與人) -)

  • Park, Kwang-Jun
    • Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
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    • v.36
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    • pp.347-377
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    • 2003
  • China is a country with large agricultural areas and subject to frequent calamities. Drought is the top of them. It has been a key problem for development of agriculture in the country. In the long struggle against drought, Chinese have accumulated many rational and irrational experiences. The Dragon Kings Belief, which is popular in North China and discussed in a thesis, is one of their irrational experiences. The belief was passed together with Buddhism from India to China in the Tang Dynasty. After it settled down, it was incorporated with the local five dragons belief and a set of beliefs in dragon kings came into existence. The emergence of the dragon kings belief ended the history that the title of rain got was not clear in China and Dragon kings finally got the status. Irrigation is the lifeblood of agriculture in China. In a Chinese mind, Dragon kings are the most important gods who take charge of rain and thus offer the lifeblood. In understanding the nature and characteristics of Chinese traditional culture, it is important for us to make clear the origin and evolution of the belief, find out its nature, function and operation. In the every year beginning of February of the Fanzhuang calendar in the people of Hebeisheng Zhaoxian, would all hold a festival to offer sacrifices to the $^{{\circ}TM}^{\prime}longpai$. Longpai was regarded as the core of the temple fair, thus the native sons came to call this festival; "longpaihui". In this region the'Fanzhuang longpaihui'developed into a well knownand grand temple fair. It was able to attract numerous pilgrims with its special magic power, occupying a place in $China^{{\circ}TM}$ 'eryueer'festival with festive dragon activities. The dragon is a common totem among Chinese nationals. The belief worship of the dragon dates from the start time of primitive societies. Dragon oneself the ancients worship's thunder lightning. In the worship of the great universe, at first afterwards this belief with the tribe's totem worships to combine to become the animal spirit. In ancient myths legends, along with folk religion and beliefs all hold a very important position. The longpaihui is a temple fair without a temple; this characteristic is a distinction between longpaihui and other temple fairs. As for longpaihui must of the early historical records are unclear. The originator of a huitou system has a kind of organized form of the special features rather, originator of a huitou not fix constant, everything follows voluntarily principle, can become member with the freedom, also can back at any time the meeting. There is a longpaihui for 'dangjiaren', is total representative director in the originator of a huitou will. 'banghui' scope particularly for extensive, come apparently every kind of buildup that help can return into the banghui, where is the person of this village or outside village of, the general cent in banghui work is clear and definite, for longpaihui would various businesses open smoothly the exhibition provides to guarantees powerfully. Fanzhuang longpaihui from the beginning of February to beginning six proceed six days totally. The longpai is used as the ancestry absolute being to exsits with the community absolute being at the same time in fanzhuang first took civil faith, in reality is a kind of method to support social machine in native folks realize together that local community that important function, it provided a space, a kind of a view to take with a relation, rising contact, communication, solidify the community contents small village, formation with fanzhuang. The fanzhuang is used as supplies for gathering town, by luck too is this local community trade exchanges center at the same time therefore can say the faith of the longpai, in addition to its people's custom, religious meaning, still have got the important and social function. Moreover matter worthy of mentioning, Longpai would in organize process, from prepare and plan the producing of meeting every kind of meeting a longpeng of the matter do, all letting person feeling is to adjust the popular support of, get the mass approbation with positive participate. Apart from the originator of a huitou excluding, those although not originator of a huitou, however enthusiasm participate the banghui of its business, also is too much for the number.