• Korea journal of population studies
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.26-34
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• 1991

Migration studies that assume that decision making is done on an individual basis is overlooking the importance of the family factor. Considering that must people belong to families, it is more appropriate to view migration decision from the perspective of the family. This study analyzes the household migration decision whereby the alternatives are to stay, 10 undertake family migration or to undertake single migration of a member. In developing a conceptual model of household migration decision, it is assumed that the household's objective is to maximize household income which is a function of individual members' earnings. The benefits and costs of household migration and individual migration are identified and the household chooses the migration strategy that maximizes expected household income. When household members have conflicting earning prospects in the potential destination, the household considers single migration of the member with the best earning potentials. However, lone migration by a household member involves cost of family separation which is both monetary and psychic, and this study shows that lone migration is undertaken only when its net gains to the family are greater than the separation cost of the family. The major benefit of choosing single migration is the retention of home base in the place of origin which can serve as an insurance against the uncertainty of obtaining a job in the destination, the benefit that is unavailable in family migration. The conceptual analysis shows how a household's migration decision would depend on its members' economic roles and prospects in the destination. Besides the economic variables, social and life cycle variables of the family translate into separation costs and benefits of migration. This study indicates that one - earner family in low economic status but with good earning prospects and high separation costs is more likely to choose family migration over single migration.

• Journal of Korean Medical Ki-Gong Academy
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.148-162
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• 2020

Objective : The purpose of this study is not only to examine the negative functions of alcohol, but also to examine the positive functions and look at it with a balanced perspective. Methods : We investigated the number of times the word "酒"(alcohol) appears in 《Hwangjenaegyeong》 and 《Gyeongakjeonseo》. The meaning of alcohol was divided into seven categories. The number of positive and negative functions of alcohol was counted and the ratio was calculated. Results : 1. In the 《Hwangjenaegyeong》, the word alcohol appears 23 times, of which 9 times has positive functions, 10 times has negative functions, and the remaining 4 times does not correspond anywhere. The ratio of positive functions is 39.13% and negative functions 43.48%. 2. In the 《Gyeongakjeonseo》, the word alcohol appears 1,487 times, of which 1,140 times (76.66%) has positive functions, and 327 times (21.99%) has negative functions. Conclusions : 1. In 《Hwangjenaegyeong》, the number of comments about positive and negative functions of alcohol is similar. 2. 《Gyeongakjeonseo》 has commented a lot about the positive functions of alcohol. However, it has more mentions to negative functions of alcohol except for those related to herbs and prescriptions (48 to 64 chapter). 3. It is somewhat unreasonable to judge the emphasis on the positive and negative function of alcohol according to the number of references to alcohol in oriental medicine classics. But in these books, we can find a balanced approach between the two sides, not a one-sided biased view. 4. From a curative point of view, it is desirable to know and to use the positive and negative functions of alcohol, and drink alcohol as appropriate control.

• Magazine of the Korea Concrete Institute
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.79-85
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• 1991

This paper aims at experimentally investigating the relationship between tensile load and average strain in the tension zone of SFRC beam. Also, it is attempted to find post cracking tension behavior of SFRC under tensile loading condition. The tension stiffening test is conducted on the long prizm of SFRC which embeds reinforcing bar in both ends of member. From this study, an empirical equation which represents the tension stiffening effect(i.e.effect of increasing tensile-~3trengthening contnbuted by SFRC when the reinforcing bar embeded in the SFRC member is under tensile loading condition) as a function of the average strain is presented .

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.29.3-30
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• 2015

We introduce an advanced one-to-one galaxy correspondence method that populates dark matter halos with galaxies by tracing merging histories of most bound member particles (MBPs) identified in simulated virialized halos. To estimate the survival time of a satellite galaxy, we adopt several models of tidal-destruction time derived from an analytic calculation, isolated galaxy simulations, and cosmological simulations. We build mock galaxy samples for each model by using a merging tree information of MBPs from our new Horizon Run 4 N-body simulation from z = 12 to 0. For models of galaxy survival time derived from cosmological and isolated galaxy simulations, about 40% of satellites galaxies merged into a certain halo are survived until z = 0. We compare mock galaxy samples from our MBP-galaxy correspondence scheme and the subhalo-galaxy scheme with SDSS volume-limited galaxy samples around z = 0 with $M_r-5{\log}h$ < -21 and -20. Compared to the subhalo-galaxy correspondence method, our method predicts more satellite galaxies close to their host halo center and larger pairwise peculiar velocity of galaxies. As a result, our method reproduces the observed galaxy group mass function, the number of member galaxies, and the two-point correlation functions while the subhalo-galaxy correspondence method underestimates them.

• Journal of KSNVE
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.353-360
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• 2000

Numerical methods are developed for calculating the natural frequencies and mode shapes of the tapered cantilever arches with variable curvature. The differential equations governing the free vibrations of such arches are derived and solved numerically, in which the effect of rotatory inertia is included. The parabolic shape is chosen as the arch with variable curvature while both the prime and quadratic arched members are considered as the tapered arch with variable curvature while both the prime and quadratic arched members are considered as the tapered arch. Comparisons the natural jfrequencies between this study and finite element method SAP 90 seve to validate the numerical method developed herein. The lowest four natural frequencies are reported as a function of four non-dimensional system parameters. The effects of both the rotatory inertia and cross-sectional shape are reported. Also, the typical mode shapes of stress resultants as well as the displacements are reported.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.25 no.5
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• pp.76-84
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• 2011

Steel beams are one of primary member and those carries the horizontal load and floor load to axial member. To avoid structural failure when the steel beams are exposed to fire, fire resistance performance requires. Till now, the evaluation for fire resistance of the beam was conducted using the maximum load and standard fire curve defined in the KS F 2257. But recently the constructional patterns are changing toward multi-function performance to get a better structural performance and fire resistance as well. In this paper to get the databases for fire resistance, limiting temperatures of the beam, load-bearing fire tests according to load ratios, two grades of compressive concrete strengths were applied.

• Journal of Korean Society of Steel Construction
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.339-348
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• 2002

The study developed an automatic design method of steel frames which uses nonlinear analysis. The geometric nonlinearity was considered using stability functions. Likewise, the transverse shear deformation effect in a beam-column was explained. A direct search method was used as an automatic design technique. The unit value of each part was evaluated using LRFD interaction equation. The member with the largest unit value was replaced one by one with an adjacent larger member selected from the database. The weight of the steel frame was considered as an objective function. On the other hand, load-carrying capacities, deflections, inter-story drifts, and ductility requirement were used as constraint functions. Case studies of a two-dimensional and a three-dimensional two-story frames were presented.

• Proceedings of the Botanical Society of Korea Conference
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• 1985.08b
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• pp.73-81
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• 1985

We have previously isolated OsMADS4 gene that is a member of the class B MADS box genes from rice. In this study, another member of the class B MADS box genes was isolated from rice flower by the yeast two-hybrid screening method using OsMADS4 as bait. RNA blot analyses revealed that the clone, OsMADS16, was expressed in the second and third whorls, whereas the OsMADS4 transcripts were present in the second, third, and fourth whorls. These expression patterns of the OsMADS16 and OsMADS4 genes are very similar with those of AP3 and PI, the class B genes of Arabidopsis, respectively. In the yeast two-hybrid system, OsMADS4 interacted only with OsMADS16 among several rice MADS genes investigated, suggesting that OsMADS4 and OsMADS16 function as a heterodimer in specifying sepal and petal identities. We have also isolated OsMADS6 gene using OsMADS1 as a probe. Both are members of the AGL2 MADS family. Various MADS genes that encode for protein-protein interaction partners of the OsMADS6 protein were isolated by the yeast two-hybrid screening method. A majority of these genes belong to the AGL2 family. Sequence Homology, expression pattern, and ectopic expression phenotypes indicated that one of the interaction partners, OsMADS14, appears to be homologous to API, the class A MADS gene of Arabidopsis.

• The Transactions of the Korea Information Processing Society
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• v.6 no.9
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• pp.2350-2364
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• 1999

In this paper, we propose a method of class library repository design for provide reuser the object-oriented C++ class component. To class library design, we started by studying the characteristics of a reusable component. We formally defined the reusable component model using an entity relationship model. This formal definition has been directly used as the database schema for storing the reusable component in a repository. The reusable class library may be considered a knowledge base for software reuse. Thus, we used that Enumerative classification of breakdown of knowledge based. And another used classification is clustering of based on class similarity. The class similarity composes member function similarity and member data similarity. Finally, we have designed class library for hierarchical inheritance mechanism of object-oriented concept Generalization, Specialization and Aggregation.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Industry Convergence
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.161-168
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• 2010

Recently, bridges have been momenttous as not only regarding function but also concerning aesthetics. However, when beauty is considered in the bridge, it is also essential that stability and economics be considered. Besides, when considering stability, an arch bridge is one of the most stable structures. The most important element is a rise ratio when regarding beauty and economics of arch bridges. The effect of dead load and DB24 load have been considered to decide proper rise ratio. Therefore, in this study, examined the value of moment, displacement and member forces, in the variation of the rise ratio of arch bridges. The most optimum shape of Nielsen arch bridges has determined by analyzing member forces, moments and displacement with parameters of rise ratio and angle of vertical members. By comparison between values, the hanger types have been also considered to derive the optimum shape of Nielsen arch bridge.