• Korean Journal of Psychosomatic Medicine
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.92-97
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• 1993

Successful management of mental symptoms requires proper diagnostic tools and comprehensive treatment including psychotherapy, physical therapy and psychopharmacotherapy. For this purpose. valid and reliable diagnostic instruments need to be developed. and the data regarding various treatment methods in medical and psychiatric comorbid conditions should be available. Because mental symptoms originate from various aspects of biological, psychological and social factors. each aspect may have slightly different therapeutic goal. Alterations in pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of medically ill and/or old patients may complicate the treatment outcomes. Best psychopharmacological treatment needs to be elaborated in various states. Mental symptoms of the medically ill patients may be treated more effectively with an eclectic approach.

• Korean Journal of Psychosomatic Medicine
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.25-30
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• 2008

With the rapid growth of geriatric population, geriatric psychiatric consultation has come to play a more important role in recent years. It is necessary to find out characteristics of psychiatric consultation-liaison in elderly and applicate practical guideline of consultation in medical setting. Management of medically ill elderly in psychiatric consultation requires different guideline from that of other age group patient. Because aging and each organ-specific diseases change the pharmacokinetics of psychotropic drugs variably. These pharmacokinetic changes should be considered in psychosomatic treatment in medically ill elderly. The relatively low consultation rates for psychiatric disorders in the elderly indicate that research is needed into factors that both prevent and facilitate elderly patients with psychological symptoms from consulting their general practitioners.

• Korean Journal of Psychosomatic Medicine
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.214-221
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• 1995

There appears to be an increased incidence of anxiety symptoms in association with certain medical illness. It is usually assumed that certain medical disorders are directly associated with anxiety symptoms in that the pathophysilolgy of the medical illness somehow causes the anxiety symptoms. However, the pathophysilolgies of many such medical illnesses as well as anxiety are not known and no discrete group of medical illnesses is clearly more likely to produce anxiety symptoms than any other Moreover, anxiety symptoms may be the representation of other psychiatric symptoms, like depression and delirium. Though it is important to differentiate primary and other causes(secondary) of anxiety clinically, the clear differentiation is somewhat arbitrary, as the confusion of mind-body dichotomy. for the purpose of accurate treatment of anxiety symptoms relating medical illness, this review article focuses on those clinical features and mechanisms of anxiety that are potentially useful in differential diagnosis.

• Korean Journal of Psychosomatic Medicine
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.111-132
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• 2001

Depression in the medically ill is a common clinical problem that primary physicians and psychiatric consultants encounter. Treatment of such patients begins with a careful evaluation of the patient's medical and psychiatric conditions. The assessment of depression in the medical patients requires a multidimensional approach. Psychological instruments are also used as a method of assessment in these patients. First of all, what the therapists have to do is to find and remove organic causes. Psychosoical treatment includes dealing with the patient's resistance and despondency relevant to physical diseases. For biological treatment, it is important to select appropriate antidepressants. Therapists should be familiar with the side effects of the antidepressants as well as the patient's primary depressive symptoms, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of the available agents. In addition, special attention should be paid to the potential for drug-illness and drug-drug interactions. Tricyclic antidepressants can be still effectively used for patients with pain disorder, although a variety of new antidepressants such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRI), bupropion and venlafaxine could have more benefits in depression of the medically ill. However, electroconvulsive therapy can be recommended for refractory cases of depression in patients with medical illness.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.39-42
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• 1981

Recent changes in the cause of death among the Korean population seem to be systematic and significant. Data on cause of death from the medically certified death certificates provide at least four types of evidence: a sudden increase in recent years in the numbers of death due to cerebrovascular disease or circulatory diseases including rheumatic fever and chronic heart diseases and atherosclerosis; increasing steadily in the numbers of death due to malignant neoplasm of various sites, and death due to accident; decreasing steadily in the numbers of death due to communicable diseases or parasite diseases; and a large number of deaths with unspecified symptoms and ill-defined conditions. The lack of complete registration of the deads occurred or the incomplete description on the cause of death reported suggests that statistical information of cause of death from the medically certified death records is meaningful in interpreting changing patterns.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.3 no.3
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• pp.62-72
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• 1973

THE author conducted a field survey form Feb.1, 1973 to March 31, 1973 in the Busan area, standing six "institutions" where mentally ill patients are kept. These six institutions are registered at Busan Government, but are not regular hospitals. There suits of these investigation are as follows: \circled1 There are six institutions. which are registered at Busan City Government. All six are operated by layman who have little psychiatric knowledge and little human is tic motivation. \circled2 These institutions are allegedly to promote the welfare of the mentally sick. However they give little help for the patients. And they do not even have a resident medical person. The staff of those places will not accept professional medical help, and try to keep all information secret. \circled3 The finances are largely composed of patients′fees and partially from city′s help. The buildings are of high quality compared with the poor therapeutic situation. There also exist factors which make the patients worse, i,e. very small room space, compelling the patients to sit in a uteral position. This situation makes them worse and more autistic. \circled4 At the time of this survey, those lucrative overcrowded six institutions had 1.000 patients. At the same time the legitimate hospitals in Busan area had about 200 patients, \circled5 In my opinion, the City Government must take a more positive policy for the mentally ill patients, instead of the passive attitude which has held till now. And most of all, these patients must be medically and humanistically helped, instead of being left in a forgotten, depressed snake pit.

• Korean Parent-Child Health Journal
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.35-45
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• 2000

The object of this research was to examine closely through the document about how much important location Sanhoopoong had and how it influences in the women's health. In addition to that, from the result of this research. I would like to contribute to korean nursing theory development and korean traditional nursing. Sanhoopoong is only the pain of women, come out to whom experienced delivery and abortion and especially it is an important cultural disease to Korean women. This is, once be taken ill, even reputed doctors cannot cure, so this make women suffer from pain, fall ill, decrease the quality of women's life, and it is appealed by women constantly, and is just made known by traditionally. The cause of Sanhoopoong has not been recognized medically The disease is not included in the disease classification. Thus, Sanhoopoong has no special pathological cause, and because it is the desease when be not taken care after childbirth, so this is able to be prevented and relieved sufficiently. But Sanhoopoong is the important health matter to dominate women's whole life's health. It has to be researched and lightened quikly. We have to help the women to get out of the difficulties from the pain of Sanhoopoong as soon as possible.

• Korean Journal of Biological Psychiatry
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.31-39
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• 1994

Anxiety and anxiety disorders are one of the most common and most serious psychiatric problems. Anti-anxiety drugs are one of the most effective treatment method for these problems. Benzodiazepines have various side-effects and the risk of overuse and abuse. Therefore, physicians should prescribe benzodiazepines carefully. However, they should not be discouraged from prescribing benzodiazepines when they have a knowledge of the pharmacological characteristics of these drugs and there is a clear indication for their use. Generally speaking, problems of benzodiazepine use such as dependence withdrawal symptoms, and cognitive impairment are more likely to occur with high dose, long-term use(more than 4 months), in geriatric patients and patients with a history of alcohol or other sustance abuse. But long-term or high-dose use can be jusified for patients with panic disorder of agoraphobia, and medically-ill patients with persistent anxiety that cannot be otherwise treated. In summary, there cannot be a general prescribing formulation for benzodiazepine use. Physician should always make their decision based on the individual patient's risk/benefit factors.

• Journal of Society of Preventive Korean Medicine
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.145-157
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• 2008

There were many books on infectious disease prevention act, and still remained 5 books including Ganuibyeokonbang. Epidemics were seriously ill and widely contagious, so it was important to prevent them. Therefore, they wrote various preventive measures from epidemics on those books. They emphasized medication, and used not only compound prescriptions but also singular ones. They wrote 5 compound prescriptions including Sohaphyangwon and many singular ones on Ganuibyeokonbang, and they used folk medicine such as red-beans준 for practical use on that book. On Sinchanbyeokonbang, they emphasized Hyangsosan and presented many prescriptions to specialize in epidemics. Heojun presented various prescriptions for Dangdokyeok on Byeokyeoksinbang, and he excluded incantation methods to cope with epidemics medically. Since Ganuibyeokonbang they had tried to improve personal hygiene such as boiling clothes of patients.

• Korean Journal of Psychosomatic Medicine
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.17-24
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• 2008

Psychosomatic medicine is also known as consultation-liaison psychiatry. Pediatric consultation-liaison psychiatry is composed of all consultation, liaison, diagnostic, therapeutic support and research activities carried out by psychiatrists and other mental professionals in pediatric ward to provide mental health services to physically ill pediatric patients. As the differences in the basic concepts of disease models between psychiatry (psychosocial model) and pediatrics(biomedical model) exist, active communication between the child psychiatrist and pediatric medical staffs is required. Although the general guidelines are similar, there are specific considerations for consultation in children and adolescents. Much work is still needed to identify empirically supported treatments which are effective for managing a board range of psychosocial difficulties in children and adolescents.