• Journal of radiological science and technology
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.5-12
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• 2004

I. Introduction : The constipation is one of the common gastrointestinal symptoms seen in the clinical practice. When people come to the clinic complaining of the constipation, it is generally one of the cases of infrequent, painful or difficult evacuation as well as the hardened feces and unsatisfactory evacuation sense. Since the constipation is heavily influenced by dietary habit as well as the social and medical environment, the diagnostic radiology is useful to establish the objective and standardized definition in consideration of those various factors before diagnosis and treatment of the constipation patient. This paper describes the study of such diagnosis. II. Main Subject : Testing of CTT (colon transit time) is key study of the colon performance. CTT is very helpful in classifying the pathologic physiological types and defining the treatment plan for the chronic constipation. The study methods include using the radipaque marker, multiple marker technique and scintigraphic measurement. The defecography is the functional radiologic examination a that provides not only the anatomical information of anorectal but also performance of the pelvic floor and rectal change during evacuation. Study of dynamic movement of the anorectal during evacuation is helpful for diagnosis and treatment planning as well as follow-up testing for the constipation patient. One of the issues essential for the case history is the thorough observation of whether the patient shows the psychic psychological symptoms such as the behavior disorder or emotional disturbance. In that case, the decision must be made whether or which type of medication is needed for such psychiatric problem. III. Conclusion : The main causes of the constipation are insufficient intake of fiber or liquid. The key objective of such tests is to check etiology of the constipation. In general, the radiological examination does not provde the colon or anorectal performance information. It is envisaged that this study will provide the information to decide the testing and treatment plans and predict the prognosis of the patient by classifying the pathologic physiological types.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.48 no.9
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• pp.976-985
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• 2005

Purpose : Although influenza is one of the most important causes of acute respiratory tract infections in children, effective antiviral therapies are not common and there are only a few clinical studies on treatment of influenza in children. We evaluated the efficacy of oseltamivir in the treatment of naturally aquired influenza in children during the first half of 2004 in Busan. Methods : From January 2004 to June 2004, throat swabs and nasal washes were performed and cultured for the isolation of influenza virus and tested by rapid antigen detection test(QuickVue influenza test) in children with suspected influenza infections. The children who responded positively to the QuickVue influenza test, we divided into two groups : an oseltamivir treatment group and a control group. We compared their clinical symptoms(including fever duration) and diagnosis. The medical records of patients with influenza virus infection were reviewed retrospectively. Results : A total of 621 individuals were suspected of influenza infection. Influenza viruses were isolated in 79(17.2 percent) out of 621 patients examined. QuickVue influenza tests were positive in 181 cases. The treatment group(83 individuals) received oseltamivir twice daily for 5 days, and the control group(99 individuals) were administered only symptom relief medicine. There was no differences between the two groups in clinical diagnosis and symptoms. Oseltamivir treatment reduced the fever duration and other respiratory symptoms. There were no adverse events associated with oseltamivir treatment. Conclusion : Our data suggest that oral oseltamivir treatment reduces the fever duration and other respiratory symptoms of acute influenza without side effects in children.

• Quality Improvement in Health Care
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.6-17
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• 2000

Background : This study was attempted to provide a basic information necessary for the development of measures evaluating perceived discomfort of the patients under local anesthesia and the developments of nursing intervention and nursing standard. Method : The study subjects were a convenience sample of 100 surgical patients under local anesthesia. The researcher visited the patients directly and explained the purpose of the study to them. Then they were asked to fill out questionnaires which were developed and structured by the researcher, under their prior permission. Out patient's data were collected at recovery room after operation. Results : Factor analysis on measures evaluating the patients under local anesthesia showed that the measures consisted of eight factors including "explanation", "humane treatment", "motion limitation", "pain", "no togetherness", "waiting", "the environment of operating room", and "unkindness". When analyzing each of the factors regarding their degree of contribution to perceived discomfort, it was found that "waiting" was highest in terms of the degree. According to general chara-cteristics of the sampled patients, the factor of "explanation" contributed to perceived discomfort more in male patients than female ones. Regarding parts of medical examination, the patients of otorhinolaryngology felt perceived discomfort most because of the factor of "pain". Conclusion : To relieve perceived discomfort the patients under local anesthesia require providing individually systematized nursing services which can reduce perceived discomfort according to each of the factors. In doing so, an unlimited attention and much effort should be given to realize CQI reaching the dimension of increase in comfort as well as decrease perceived discomfort.

• Journal of radiological science and technology
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.237-244
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• 2015

Health professionals in nuclear medicine were known that they get high radiation exposure. To reduce radiation exposure, using shielding materials is needed. In this study, we analyzed the shielding effect about apron during 18F-FDG treatment by using simulation based on Monte Carlo techniques and actual measurement. As a result, absorbed dose distribution of organ varies with handling position of the source. Dose reduction ratio by lead thickness of apron tended to decease, when handling position of the source come close to organ and away from radiation source for simulation. In the case of actual measurement with the dosimetry device, It showed that mean spatial dose distribution was different due to characteristics of dosimetry device. However, spatial dose rate was exponentially reduced according to distance with increasing lead content.

• Archives of design research
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• v.20 no.3 s.71
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• pp.215-224
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• 2007

A VR-Tangible Interaction therapy system for autistic children has been designed and implemented. The purpose of this system is to provide a virtual interactive experience for autistic children to check their performances in various tasks and to provide them with the effect of a medical treatment. An interdisciplinary study was deployed by a group of designers, doctors, psychologists and engineers. 14 interaction scenarios were designed and developed. Scenarios include such tasks as to guess a person's feeling by watching his facial expressions, to choose what a person is gazing at, and to pop virtual balloons with a stick. A prototype system was developed and a pilot study made with 11 autistic children. The test showed that autistic children easily understood and enjoyed the virtual environment, and promising theraphy results were also found.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.38 no.6
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• pp.761-764
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• 2011

Purpose: Pediatric facial laceration takes a huge part of patients visiting emergency room and generates social attention for its proper emergency care. So much more attention should be paid to the proper treatment at emergency care unit, and furthermore, thorough survey of background information of the pediatric facial laceration may offer more proper prevention. Methods: According to annual reports of 2009 and 2010, out of 5149 facial laceration patients who were given primary medical care at our clinic, 1452 patients were aged under 15 years old. Retrospective analysis of each pediatric facial lacerations were evaluated according to gender, age, periodic table, cause of injury, place of injury, sites of injury and so on. Results: Pediatric facial laceration was found to occur mostly at 1 year old as they learn to walk and explore their environment. Evaluated analysis revealed that pediatric facial accidents occurred mostly on forehead region (75%), on Sundays, from 5 p.m. to 8 p.m., at home (61.5%). Most common cause of injury was collision (54.5%). Conclusion: In large group of pediatric facial laceration cases provided us with an surprising fact that accidents most commonly occur under parental supervision. This fact gives an actual understanding regarding pediatric facial laceration and more realistic approach in its prevention strategy.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.263-269
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• 2006

Objectives: As the number of people with disabilities is increasing and their needs for care are varied, the continuum and comprehensiveness of their rehabilitative care are getting more important. This study was performed to understand the utilization of rehabilitation services and requirements of care among the people with severe disabilities in Korea. Methods: We interviewed 578 disabled persons who had severe extremity and cerebral impairment in the urban and rural areas of Korea. The questionnaire included questions on their general characteristics, the type of disability, their physical function (ADL, IADL), their use of rehabilitation services after discharge and their requirements for rehabilitation care Results: Only 12.6% of people with disability in the community continuously used the available medical rehabilitation care. The associated factors for utilization of rehabilitation services were pain and admission for rehabilitative treatment in the acute phase. There was a great need for rehabilitation services in community and this varied according to gender, the socio-economic status, the functional status and the geographic region. The gap between utilization and need for rehabilitation services was largest in the economic support. The gap of primary health care was larger in the rural area than in the urban area. Conclusions: The needs for rehabilitation service were diverse according to the individual functional status, the regional characteristics and other general characteristics of people with disability. Strategies should be considered to eliminate the barriers to obtain rehabilitation services for the people with disability in the community.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.149-154
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• 2015

To investigate the biodegradation of the cellulose powder(CP) derived from Styela clava tunics(SCT), some physico-chemical properties and biodegradability of SCT-CP were measured after the incubation for 45 days. The particles size of SCT-CP prepared with washing, bleaching, drying, and grinding processes was $150-400{\mu}m$ although most of particles (70%) was more than $400{\mu}m$. The cellulose structures of SCT-CP detected using the X-ray diffraction and DSC analysis was very similar with that of wood pulp powder(WP-CP). The glass transition temperature was not detected in both samples. Furthermore, more than 90% of the SCT-CP was degraded, whereas only over 70% of the WP-CP was degraded after the incubation for 45 days. Therefore, these results suggest the possibility that SCT-CP is particularly applicable to prepare medical fiber and film for disease treatment.

• Journal of the Korean Society for information Management
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.79-106
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• 2020

Until now, healing programs in libraries have provided services under the theme of reading therapy as part of the reading culture program. The purpose of this study is to suggest a way to revitalize healing programs in libraries. This study derives the types and themes of healing activities and analyzes the healing activities in libraries and similar institutions. As a result, first, the healing content to be treated varies depending on the subject, so it should be applied to the library in consideration of this. Therefore, a treatment program was proposed for infants and children (0-13 years), adolescents (14-19 years), adolescents (20-64 years), and old age (65 years and over). Second, it proposed a way to operate healing programs through linkage with institutions such as libraries and medical institutions that were shown as a result of analysis of the healing program.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.238-244
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• 2010

Spatial and temporal distribution of Bacillus licheniformis N1 was investigated over time on the leaves, petioles and crowns of the strawberry plants. Bacterial population on the strawberry plants was quantified over time by selective plating. Bacterial population of N1 containing a plasmid pWH43G carrying green fluorescent protein (GFP) declined relatively faster on the plant surface as compared to the Strain N1 itself. However, this result was found to be enough to utilize the strain to visualize bacterial colonization on the plant surface. When B. licheniformis N1 was treated together with Silwet L-77 at 0.03%, the bacterial population on plant surface persisted for up to 7 days. B. licheniformis N1 (pWH43G) containing Silwet L-77 was applied on the strawberry plants and the GFP expressing bacteria were visualized by confocal laser scanning microscopy. Bacterial persistence was also investigated in a growth chamber and in a plastic house after N1 bioformulation treatment on the strawberry plant. The Strain N1 colonized three different tissues well and persisted over 3 to 5 days on the strawberry plants. They formed bacterial aggregates on plant surfaces for at least 3 days, resulting in a biofilm to resist fluctuating plant surface environment. However, the bacterial persistence dramatically declined after 7 days in all tested tissues in a plastic house. This study suggest that B. licheniformis N1 colonizes the strawberry plant surface and persists for a long time in a controlled growth chamber, while it can not persist over 7 days on the plant surface in a plastic house.