• Title/Summary/Keyword: Medical products

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Effects of Dermal Cell Combination on the Formation of Basement membrane and Epidermis in Skin Equivalents (진피세포의 조성이 인공피부의 기저막과 표피형성에 미치는 영향)

  • Li, Hai-Lan;Jeong, Hyo-Soon;Kim, Jan-Di;Yun, Hye-Young;Baek, Kwang-Jin;Kwon, Nyoun-Soo;Min, Young-Sil;Park, Kyoung-Chan;Kim, Dong-Seok
    • Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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    • v.38 no.3
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    • pp.219-224
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    • 2012
  • European Union prohibited the marketing of cosmetic products containing constituents that have been examined through animal experiments. Thus, non-animal test models are needed to replace animal experiments. The reconstructed skin models are important as a test system for cosmetic, pharmaceutical, and medical device safety testing. In the present study, we tried to develop an optimal skin equivalent model containing basement membrane and epidermis. For this purpose, we used mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and/or preadipocytes as well as fibroblasts as the dermal matrix cells. The formation of basement membrane and epidermis was verified by immunohistochemical stains. Among various models, the epidermis was thickest when MSCs were used in the dermal matrix. Furthermore, PCNA and involucrin distribution showed that dermal matrix with MSCs resembled human skin. Therefore, skin equivalents with MSCs could be developed as a non-animal test model to replace animal experiments.

Studies on the Soil Transmission of CGMMV and Its Control with Crop Rotation (오이녹반모자이크바이러스의 토양전염 생태 및 윤작에 의한 방제)

  • Park, Jin-Woo;Jang, Tae-Ho;Song, Sung-Ho;Choi, Hong-Soo;Ko, Sug-Ju
    • The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
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    • v.14 no.4
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    • pp.473-477
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    • 2010
  • Cucumber green mottle mosaic virus (CGMMV) is one of major plant viruses infecting cucurbitaceous crops via soil or infected seeds. This study investigate ecology of infection of CGMMV in soil, and control tactics of this virus with soil hygiene and crop rotation. This virus was survival to 50% in soil without host plants for 17 months and had high vitality in debris of infected plant over 1 year. Infection rate of CGMMV was 1.0~3.6% in control soil and 12~36% in soil transplanted with wounded root of watermelon. It showed that wounded root may affect severity of soil infection. Rotation between rice and watermelon caused dramatical reduction from 76.8% in repeated cultivation to 7.3% of progeny infection by CGMMV. Therefore, it is suggested that crop rotation be effective for control of CGMMV.

Effects of Maqui Berry Extract on Blood Lipids and Liver Function in Normal Rodents (마키베리 추출물이 정상 설치류의 혈중지질과 간기능에 미치는 영향)

  • Hwang, Mi Sun;Lee, Joo Hee;Kim, In Joo;Kim, Tae Hee;Kim, Kang Min
    • Journal of Life Science
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    • v.30 no.9
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    • pp.791-797
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    • 2020
  • Maqui berry are known as one of the "superfoods" and can purportedly improve health. The effects of orally administered maqui berry extract on biological parameters such as serum lipids and blood cells in healthy subjects were investigated in rats in vivo for 2 weeks. Possible causes of harmful effects on liver and kidney function were also examined. After oral administration of maqui berry extract, levels of serum triglyceride (TG) were decreased to almost 30% less from the control, and high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) was increased to 18% more; thus, serum lipids profile seemed to be improved. The administration of maqui berry extract increased red blood cell concentration by 10% from the control, while both the hemoglobin and the mean corpuscular volume (MCV) were increased by 12%. Maqui berry extract also increased the concentration of serum total proteins by 30% of the control and that suggests protein metabolism might be improved. Moreover, maqui berry decreased serum levels of glutamin oxaloacetate transaminase (GOT) and glutamin pyruvate transaminase (GPT) by 12% from the control group so maqui berry improved liver function. This study suggests that oral administration of maqui berry extract may be helpful to improve those heath parameters like serum lipids profile, red blood cell level, liver protection. It would also be very useful for the development of high value products such as functional foods and pharmaceutics in the future.

Effects of Applying Microbial Additive Inoculants to Spent Mushroom Substrate (Flammulina velutipes) on Rumen Fermentation and Total-tract Nutrient Digestibility in Hanwoo Steers (팽이버섯 부산물 발효에 따른 한우 거세우 반추위 성상 및 소화율에 미치는 영향)

  • Baek, Youl-Chang;Jeong, Jin-Young;Oh, Young-Kyoon;Kim, Min-Seok;Lee, Sung-Dae;Lee, Hyun-Jeong;Do, Yoon-Jung;Ahmadi, Farhad;Choi, Hyuck
    • Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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    • v.25 no.3
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    • pp.569-586
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    • 2017
  • We inoculated a spent mushroom substrate from Flammulina velutipes (SMSF) with a microbial additive and assessed the effects on chemical composition, ruminal fermentation parameters, and total-tract nutrient digestibility. In Exp. 1, three cannulated Hanwoo steers were used in an in situ trial to determine the degradation kinetics of dry matter (DM) and crude protein (CP). In Exp. 2, three Hanwoo steers were randomly assigned to experimental diets according to a $3{\times}3$ Latin square for a 3-week period (2 weeks for adaptation and 1 week for sample collection). Experimental diets included the control diet (3.75 kg/d formulated concentrate mixture + 1.25 kg/d rice straw), SMSF diet (3.19 kg/d formulated concentrate mixture + 1.25 kg/d rice straw + 0.56 kg/d SMSF), and inoculated SMSF (ISMSF) diet (3.19 kg/d formulated concentrate mixture + 1.25 kg/d rice straw + 0.56 kg/d ISMSF). The chemical composition of ISMSF did not differ from that of SMSF. Microbial additive inoculation decreased pH (P<0.05) and improved preservation for SMSF. The percentages of DM, neutral detergent fiber (NDF), and acid detergent fiber (ADF) in ISMSF were slightly lesser than those in SMSF. Ruminal fermentation characteristics and total-tract nutrient digestibility were not affected by diet. Overall, microbial additive inoculation improved preservation for SMSF and may allow improved digestion in the rumen; however, the total digestible nutrients (TDN) of SMSF and ISMSF diets were slightly lesser than the control diet. The ISMSF can be used as an alternative feedstuff to partially replace formulated concentrate feed.

Enhancement of Seaweed Rhizoid and Blade Formations by the Chlorophyte Codium fragile Extract (녹조류 청각 추출물에 의한 해조류 가근 및 유엽형성 촉진)

  • Getachew, Mehader;Getachew, Paulos;Cho, Ji-Young;Choi, Jae-Suk;Hong, Yong-Ki
    • Journal of Life Science
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    • v.26 no.4
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    • pp.484-489
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    • 2016
  • Living organisms can maintain or extend their territories by producing allelochemicals that influence the growth, survival, and reproduction of other organisms. To identify natural biostimulants of positive allelochemicals, we screened 18 common seaweed extracts for enhancement of rhizoid and blade production in a convenient Porphyra suborbiculata monospore assay. By addition of methanolic extract from the most potent green seaweed, Codium fragile, 100% and 50% enhancement doses reflecting the amount of C. fragile extract required to enhance rhizoid formation (in terms of number of spores with rhizoids per total spores tested) were approximately 100 and 50 μg/ml, respectively, in the P. suborbiculata monospore culture. The C. fragile extract quickly enhanced rhizoid formation, rhizoid numbers per rhizoid-holding spore, rhizoid length, blade formation (in number of spores with blade per total spores tested), and blade length from most monospores at early culture days. The extract enhanced rhizoid formation after 2 days of culture significantly, rhizoid numbers per rhizoid-holding spore after 3 days, rhizoid length after 3 days, blade formation after 2 days, and blade length after 1 day, respectively, from most monospores. The allelochemicals that enhanced favorite seaweed species may be efficacious for new seaweed management technologies, including the development of biostimulant agents based on natural products.

Review of Health Effects Caused by Chloromethylisothiazolinone (CMIT) and Methylisothiazolinone (MIT) - Focusing on Humidifier Disinfectant-associated Lung Injury (HDLI) - (Chloromethylisothiazolinone (CMIT)과 Methylisothiazolinone (MIT)의 건강영향에 대한 고찰 - 가습기 살균제 폐 손상을 중심으로 -)

  • Park, Dong-Uk;Kim, Jiwon;Ryu, Seung-Hun;Park, Jihoon;Kwon, Jung-Hwan;Lee, So-Yeon;Park, Soyoung
    • Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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    • v.46 no.3
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    • pp.312-323
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    • 2020
  • Objective: This study aimed to summarize the physiochemical properties, toxicity, and legal regulation of chloromethylisothiazolinone (CMIT) and/or methylisothiazolinone (MIT), review the health effects caused by exposure to CMIT/MIT, and evaluate the individual association of lung injury with the use of humidifier disinfectants (HD) containing a mixture of CMIT and MIT. Method: A literature review was conducted by searching keywords such as CMIT, MIT, health effect, dermatitis, asthma, and lung injury, either singly or combined. Results: Both CMIT and/or MIT were found to be associated with the development of several types of adverse health effects. In particular, respiratory diseases including asthma, nasal symptoms, cough, and rhinitis were caused by the use of products including CMIT or/and MIT. The mixture of CMIT/MIT has been banned in cosmetics. As of the end of 2017, nine patients who were confirmed to have HD associated lung injury (HDLI) were found to have used only an HD brand containing CMIT and MIT. Their responses regarding the name of the HD used could be trustworthy based on the short duration of HD use (less than six months) before the onset of HDLI and frequent use of HD per day. Conclusion: According to the toxicity and HDLI cases, the use of HD containing CMIT and /or MIT can cause fatal lung injury. Further study with manufacturers' assistance is necessary in order to obtain more clear evidence on the causal relationship since HDLI cases are being reported continuously.

Anti-inflammatory and Tyrosinase Inhibition Effects of Amaranth (Amaranthus spp L.) Seed Extract (아마란스 씨앗 추출물의 항염 및 Tyrosinase 억제 효과)

  • Yi, Mi-Ran;Kang, Chang-Hee;Bu, Hee-Jung
    • Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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    • v.30 no.2
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    • pp.144-151
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    • 2017
  • This study examined the anti-inflammatory and whitening effects of Amaranth (Amaranthus spp L.) seed extract. Amaranthus spp L. seeds were extracted using 70% ethanol and then fractionated sequentially with n-hexane, dichloromethan, ethyl acetate and butanol. For the study of anti-inflammatory activity in RAW 264.7 cells, EtOAc fraction of Amaranthus spp L. seeds significantly inhibited nitrogen oxide production as well as the protein level of iNOS. Furthermore, EtOAc fraction of Amaranthus spp L. seeds inhibited expression of $TNF-{\alpha}$, PGE2 and the protein level of COX-2 in a dose-dependent manner. Inaddition, the tyrosinase inhibitory activities of the Amaranthus spp L. seed 70% ethanol extract and subfractions were also measured to see if these extracts can be used as an ingredient for whitening cosmetics. Tyrosinase is an oxidase that is a rate-limiting enzyme for controlling the production of melanin. Therefore, tyrosinase inhibitors have become increasingly important in cosmetics and medical products with regards to hyperpigmentation. EtOAc fraction of Amaranthus spp L. seeds showed mushroom tyrosinase inhibitory activity in a dose-dependent manner. This activity was more potent than that of a positive control cynandione A. These results suggest that Amaranthus spp L. seeds may be a valuable natural ingredient for the food and cosmetics industries.

Effects of HACCP System Implementation on Medicine Use and Productivity of Medium Scale Swine Farms in Korea (HACCP시스템 적용이 중규모 양돈농장의 동물용의약품 사용 및 생산성에 미치는 영향)

  • Nam, In-Sik
    • Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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    • v.52 no.1
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    • pp.71-76
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    • 2010
  • The aim of this study was to examine the effect of HACCP system implementation on the budget for medicine use, antibiotic utilization, and productivity of swine farms in Korea. Data were collected form thirty swine farms before and after implementation of HACCP system. Parturition rate, total number of piglets, number of initial weaning piglets, number of weaning piglets, survival rate of piglets after weaning, date of weaning piglets, piglet per sow per year, and market piglet per sow per year tended to be higher after HACCP system implementation. In contrast, price for medicine used per month, number of antibiotic used, the farm number of feeds containing antibiotics in each, growing stages added at the feed company, and the farm number of feeds containing antibiotics in each growing stages added at the swine farm were lower after HACCP system implementation. Due to increase in the feed cost recently, production cost for shipment in HACCP system implemented swine farms had increased in this study. In conclusion, our results indicated that the implementation of HACCP system might be effective in reducing medical expenses and improving the productivity.

Contents of Paeonol and Inorganic Components in Herbaceous Root-Bark of Paeonia moutan SIMS (목란근피(牧丹根皮)의 Paeonol 및 무기성분(無機成分) 함량(含量))

  • Chung, Sang-Hwan;Suh, Dong-Hwan;Park, No-Kwuan;Kim, Ki-Jae;Choi, Boo-Sull
    • Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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    • v.2 no.3
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    • pp.227-233
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    • 1994
  • To get a fundamental data fur management of security, validity, Quality, of Paeonia suffruficosa roots as medicinal herb, the content of paeonol, ash, and inorganic components in Moutan Radicis Cortex produced in 8 regions of Korea was investigated from Oct. 1990 to May 1991. The results are summarized as follows: The average content of paeonol was 0.65%. The content of ash was 3.53%, acid-insoluble ash 0.77% in average, both of them were suitable to the standard value as Korean medical herbs. Total nitrogen content was 1.03%, phosphate 0.55%, potassium 0.82%, and calcium 1.50% in average. The content of MgO was 0.21ppm, 325.83ppm in Fe, 1.82ppm in Cr, 3.73ppm in Cu, 18.93ppm in Zn and Mn 21.27ppm, respectively. Especially Hg was not detected in the products of all regions. The average content of Cd was 0.25ppm, Pb 3.09ppm in Moutan Radicis Cortex, so they were estimated suitably to use as medicinal herb.

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Estimation of Poisoning Cases by Use of Chemicals and Chemical Products in South Korea (물질과 제품 사용에 의한 국내 중독(poisoning) 건수 추정)

  • Park, Soyoung;Lee, Yesung;Mun, Eunchan;Nam, Minwoo;Kim, Jiwon;Park, Jihoon;Choi, Won-Jun;Choi, Sangjun;Ha, Kownchul;Jun, Hyoungbae;Park, Dong-Uk
    • Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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    • v.46 no.5
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    • pp.565-575
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    • 2020
  • Objective: South Korea still lacks systematic national poisoning data collection or a poison control center (PC). The objectives of this study are to provide estimates of poisoning incidents in South Korea and to stress the necessity of a national poisoning surveillance framework managed by a national PC. Method: The number of poisoning incidents was estimated based on the 2018 annual report of the American Association of Poison Control Centers' National Poison Data System (NPDS). Our estimation of poisoning data was classified according to age group, reason for poison exposure, and case management site. Results: Total poisoning cases estimated numbered 326,636, which is tantamount to 631 cases per 100 thousand. Poisoning cases among those younger than five years old accounted for 71.7% in the United States. Fatal poisoning cases were estimated to be 210.63 (95% CI: 199.70-222.15). Non-intentional poisoning cases (250,378 cases, 95% CI: 249,992-250,764, 76.7%) were estimated to be far higher than intentional cases (62,399 cases, 95% CI: 62,207-62,593, 19.1%). Conclusion: Our results can be used to suggest the necessity of producing national poisoning data and establishing a PC despite the uncertainty of estimation.