• Korean Journal of Artificial Intelligence
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.1-9
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• 2017

Recently, the Q-Learning algorithm, which is one kind of reinforcement learning, is mainly used to implement artificial intelligence system in combination with deep learning. Many research is going on to improve the performance of Q-Learning. Therefore, purpose of theory try to improve the performance of Q-Learning algorithm. This Theory apply Cross Entropy Error to the loss function of Q-Learning algorithm. Since the mean squared error used in Q-Learning is difficult to measure the exact error rate, the Cross Entropy Error, known to be highly accurate, is applied to the loss function. Experimental results show that the success rate of the Mean Squared Error used in the existing reinforcement learning was about 12% and the Cross Entropy Error used in the deep learning was about 36%. The success rate was shown.

• The Korean Journal of Emergency Medical Services
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.61-73
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• 2019

Purpose: This study aimed to introduce active learning methods, including flipped, case-based, and team-based learning in an electrocardiography (ECG) course and to investigate outcomes and satisfaction with these methods. Methods: To identify the learning effect of active learning, pre-and post-academic self-efficacy was compared between the experimental and control groups. In the experimental group, pre-and post-knowledge and clinical performance regarding ECG were also assessed. In addition, class satisfaction was investigated after application of active learning methods in the experimental group. Data were collected from 84 paramedic students and analyzed using SPSS 22.0 (IBM, Armonk, NY, USA). Results: The experimental group showed significant improvement in post-academic self-efficacy and knowledge. The experimental group also showed high clinical performance (9.83 out of 10 in ECG checking ability and 9.63 out of 10 in ECG reading ability). The mean satisfaction score was 4.23 out of 5 (responses based on a Likert scale) in the experimental group. Conclusion: Active learning in an ECG course was found to be highly effective and satisfactory. Furthermore, paramedic students can enhance their accountability and judgement with team-based learning through free engagement in discussion.

• Korean Medical Education Review
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.5-11
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• 2010

The purpose of this article is to propose an alternative viewpoint on medical education, known as the Erudition paradigm. This study aims to confirm the essence of erudition rather than teaching and learning through discussing the foundations of self-directed learning principles in medical education. By reactivating the meaning of self-directed learning, this study debates the proprieties of the erudition paradigm beyond pedagogy; that is to say, the school-oriented educational paradigm. After all, this study reveals that all humans are Homo Eruditio, born with an erudite instinct, and it is necessary to inspire his/her encouragement in erudition by using self-directed learning.

• The Korean Journal of Emergency Medical Services
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.157-167
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• 2021

Purpose: The study was a qualitative study to examine the synchronous and asynchronous distanced learning experience of online paramedic students during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: The subjects included 10 students enrolled in the department of emergency medical service at J City C University. Written consent was provided by the subjects prior to the study, and focus group interviews were then conducted with sufficient explanation. The interviews were recorded and were directly transcribed immediately after the interview. Research results were then derived through content analysis. Results: A total of 4 domains and 9 categories were derived from the experiences of paramedic students on distanced learning. The 4 domains included "distanced lectures type," "student's adaptation and non-adaptation," "change of evaluation," and "learning anxiety." Conclusion: Contents of each domain derived from this study are expected to be used as basic data for the design of the distanced learning in the future.

• Korean Medical Education Review
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.147-153
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• 2021

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic made it necessary for medical schools to restructure their curriculum by switching from face-to-face instruction to various forms of flexible learning. Flexible learning is a student-centered approach to learning that has received interest in many educational sectors. It is a critical strategy for expanding access to higher education during the pandemic. As flexible learning includes online, blended, hybrid, and hyflex learning options, learners have the opportunity to select an instruction modality based on their needs and interests. The shift to flexible learning in medical education took place rapidly in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, and learners, instructors, and schools were not prepared for this instructional change. Through the lens of the technology acceptance model, human agency, and a social constructivist perspective, I examine students, instructors, and educational institutions' roles in successfully navigating the digital transformation era. The pandemic has also accelerated the use of advanced information and communication technologies, such as artificial intelligence and virtual reality, in learning. Through a review of the literature, this paper aimed to reflect on current flexible learning practices from the instructional design and educational technology perspective and explore emerging technologies that may be implemented in future medical education.

• Journal of Korea Artificial Intelligence Association
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.11-16
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• 2023

Accurate hospital case modeling and prediction are crucial for efficient healthcare. In this study, we demonstrate the implementation of regression analysis methods in machine learning systems utilizing mathematical statics and machine learning techniques. The developed machine learning model includes Bayesian linear, artificial neural network, decision tree, decision forest, and linear regression analysis models. Through the application of these algorithms, corresponding regression models were constructed and analyzed. The results suggest the potential of leveraging machine learning systems for medical research. The experiment aimed to create an Azure Machine Learning Studio tool for the speedy evaluation of multiple regression models. The tool faciliates the comparision of 5 types of regression models in a unified experiment and presents assessment results with performance metrics. Evaluation of regression machine learning models highlighted the advantages of boosted decision tree regression, and decision forest regression in hospital case prediction. These findings could lay the groundwork for the deliberate development of new directions in medical data processing and decision making. Furthermore, potential avenues for future research may include exploring methods such as clustering, classification, and anomaly detection in healthcare systems.

• Journal of The Korea Institute of Healthcare Architecture
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.15-24
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• 2021

Purpose: This study is to present basic data on the Architectural planning of the college of medicine by arranging the functional zoning planning, functional unit planning, and circulation planning, based on the diversification of medical education and the changes of Learning spaces. Methods: This study was conducted by literature review on existing medical education method and learning space planning. And then on-site surveys and questionnaire were conducted on existing facilities. Results: The diversification of medical education has already been progressing for a long time, and the development of information technology is integrated into the learning space, and the evolution of the learning method and the flexibility of the learning space give effect to the change of the learning space. ① This study reconstructed the existing classification method of university facilities into the fuctional zoning method that combines the architectural concept of function and movement. ② The functions and functional units of the college of medicine according to the proposed functional zone were arranged, and the space required for the medical college was suggested. ③ The function and type of movement of medical college can be classified into professor/student fusion type, teaching and research separation type, and learning and learning shared space integrated arrangement type. In the future, it is necessary to consider fusion type or integrated arrangement type rather than separation type. Implications: the evolution of the learning method and the flexibility of the learning space give effect to the change of the learning space.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.126-129
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• 2022

Background: The problem with current dental hygienist education is that it operates as an education system based on the national examination rather than on a practical basis; thus, graduates have difficulties in practice after obtaining their license. This study aimed to propose a job-oriented curriculum by analyzing the links between the task analysis of Korean dental hygienists and dental hygiene learning goals. Methods: This study performed a relationship analysis based on a second job analysis study of dental hygienists conducted by the Korea Health Personnel Licensing Examination Institute and the learning goals of the Korean Dental Hygiene Faculty Association. Results: Based on the links between the task and learning goals of the dental hygienist, they were classified into six types: 1) tasks listed in the license exam and learning goal, 2) tasks not listed in the license exam but listed in learning goals, 3) tasks not listed in learning goals, 4) learning goals not related to tasks, 5) learning goals listed in a few tasks, and 6) tasks related to several learning goals. The results showed that most of them correspond to the 5th classification, followed by the 3rd and 4th categories, which are mostly basic science learning goals. Tasks without learning goals are not included in the curriculum; thus, the curriculum needs to be supplemented. The overlapping learning goals of several subjects for one job skill must be reduced in job-oriented education. Conclusion: We suggest that the dental hygiene curriculum be developed based on task analysis and reflected in the national dental hygienist exam. The clinical practice performance of dental hygienists will take further leap forward through task-oriented education.

• Korean Medical Education Review
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.46-55
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• 2021

Since the emergence of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), medical schools have experienced a sudden, full-scale transition to online classes. As the COVID-19 pandemic continues, it is important to evaluate current educational programs and to assess their implications. This study explored perceptions of online classes and learning behavior among medical students. Twenty preclinical medical students were interviewed in focus groups for 2 months. They generally expressed positive perceptions about online classes, and in particular, positively assessed the ability to lead their individual lifestyles and study in comfortable environments with fewer time and space constraints. Students thought that the online environment provided a fair chance of facilitating positive interactions with the professor and considered communication with the professor to be an important factor only when it was related to the class content or directly helped with their grades and careers. Students also had negative views, such as feeling uncertain when they could not see their peers' learning progress and assess themselves in comparison and feeling social isolation. Learning behaviors have also changed, as students explored their learning styles and adapted to the changed learning environment. Students expanded their learning by using online functions. However, students sometimes abused the online class format by "just playing" the lecture while not paying attention and relying on other students' lecture transcripts to study. The results of this study are hoped to provide a useful foundation for future research on online class-based teaching and learning.

• Korean Medical Education Review
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.104-107
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• 2021

Building professional identity is the most basic purpose of medical education. Students who enter medical schools do not have an identity rooted in the medical profession, and universities should therefore take steps to help students form their identity as doctors, attitudes, beliefs, and values through the curriculum. However, while medical knowledge and clinical skills are fully reflected in basic medical education, issues persist regarding education on values, attitudes, and beliefs that are important for professional identity. Regarding the process of professional identity formation, it is important to keep in mind that rapid changes in modern society lead to corresponding changes in socio-cultural expectations and demands related to professional identity, resulting in discrepancies between the reality of medical education and the actual field of medicine. Medical schools need to prepare students for these discrepancies, and in-depth discussions should address what is important and what should be solved first at medical education sites. However, it is difficult to generalize the tasks of professional identity formation in the field of medical education because each medical school may have unique circumstances. This article discusses the tasks that medical education should solve for professional identity formation education in terms of five aspects: establishing learning outcomes, training educational experts, introducing transformative learning, utilizing self-directed learning, and developing evaluation methods.