• 치위생과학회지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.1-7
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• 2007

이 연구는 치과 진료실에서 치과위생사의 감염예방 실태를 파악하여 치과위생사가 감염예방을 실천하는데 기초 자료로 제공하고자 한다. 연구 대상은 2005년 10월과 11월에 인천경기도회와 서울시회 보수교육에 참여한 치과위생사로 하였으며, 감염 예방에 관한 설문조사를 자기기입방식으로 시행하였다. 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 감염예방 교육경험은 "있다"로 응답한 자가 72명(42.9%)이었고, "없다"고 응답한 자가 96명(57.1%)이었고 감염예방 교육경로를 보면 "근무병원 자체 교육을 통해서"가 42명(58%)으로 가장 많았다. 2. 손상 경험은 "있다"로 응답한 자가 147명(87.5%)이었고 "없다"로 응답한 자가 21명(12.5%)이었으며, 손상 경험이 있는 대상자 147명의 전체 연 평균 손상 횟수는 7.7회였다. 손상을 입힌 기구 명으로는 "explorer"가 125(75%)명으로 가장 많았다. 3. 감염성 질환에 감염된 경험은 "있다"로 응답한 자가 6명(3.6%)이었는데 질환으로는 "B형 간염"이 4명으로 가장 많았고, "풍진" 1명, "결핵" 1명이었다. 4. 실천 점수가 높은 문항은 "2. 나는 진료 후에 손을 씻는다(1.86점)", "7. 나는 국소 마취 후 마취주사바늘 뚜껑을 덮는다(1.86점)", "20. 나는 폐기물을 분리수거하여 적출물처리업자에게 위탁 한다(1.85점)"이었으며, 실천 점수가 낮은 문항은 "16. 나는 진료복을 하루에 한번 갈아입는다(0.24점)"와 "감염성 환자 진료 후에는 진료복을 매번 세탁 한다(0.52점)"이었다. 5. 지식도가 가장 높은 문항은 "1. 치과 진료를 하는 동안에 전염은 감염원, 전염방법, 전염경로, 감염되기 쉬운 숙주에 의해 좌우 된다(0.95점)" 이었으며 지식도가 가장 낮은 문항은 "5. HBV(B형간염)는 95oC에서 5분 이상 가열해야 파괴 된다(0.27점)"이였다. 6. 조직관련 요인 점수가 가장 높은 문항은 "나는 필요한 경우 마스크, 장갑 등의 보호 장구가 항상 이용 가능하다(0.89점)"이었으며 가장 점수가 낮은 문항은 으로 "내가 일하는 곳에는 감염과 관련된 위험한 상황에 노출되었을 때 참고할 수 있는 지침서가 있다(0.33점)" 이었다. 7. 진료환경에서 세면대와 진료실의 거리는 "1미터 미만"이 116명(69.0%), 소독실과 진료실의 거리는 "2미터 미만"이 77명(45.8%)으로 가장 많았으며 보호 장구 구비 현황은 마스크(일회용) 168명(100%), 일회용 장갑(라텍스) 167명(99.4%)으로 대부분 구비되어 있었다. 반면 안면 보호대는 응답자수가 108(64.3%)명으로 가장 적었다. 소독, 멸균기에서는 autoclave가 있다고 응답한 자가 165명(98.2%)이었다.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제11권5호
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• pp.637-647
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• 2011

Objectives : This study was performed to enhance infection control and to establish the fundamental and practical improvement by the survey on personal protection of dental personnels with health science college students. Methods : We performed the survey with 585 individual students affiliated with health science in Jeonbuk province and statistically analyzed by SPSS 12.0 program. Results : The frequencies of the clinic gown as a personal protection were 96.0% of dentists (p<0.01) and 88.0% of dental hygienists (p<0.05) respectively in college-associated dental hospital when we compared with institution scale. The frequencies of the medical gloves as a compulsory personal protection were 47.2% of dentists and 34.6% of dental hygienists respectively (p<0.001). The frequencies of the medical mask as a compulsory personal protection were 84.0% of dentists (p<0.001) and 52.2% of dental hygienists (p<0.05) respectively shown by freshman students. The frequencies of the safety glasses as a compulsory personal protection were 12.3% of dentists and 2.5% of dental hygienists shown by freshman students (p<0.001). Conclusions : The results reflect that current dental personnel's concern of personal protection need to be increased continuously in accordance with current demands and eventually suggest their effort to put their action on personal protection in their dental office.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제42권6호
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• pp.776-782
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• 2015

It is believed that surgery on human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive patients is dangerous and should be avoided due to the possibility of postoperative infection of the patients or HIV occupational transmission to the medical staff. We discuss here the preparations and measures needed to conduct surgery safely on HIV-positive patients, based on our experience. We performed sex reassignment surgery on two HIV-positive patients from January 2013 to January 2015. Both of them were receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy and were asymptomatic, with a normal CD4 count ($>500cells/{\mu}L$). The HIV-RNA was undetectable within the bloodstream. All the staff wore protective clothing, glasses, and three pairs of protective gloves in the operating room because of the possibility of transmission. Prophylactic antibiotics were administered to the patients, and antiviral therapy was performed during their perioperative course. Neither of the patients had postoperative complications, and none of the medical staff experienced accidental exposure. Both patients had satisfactory surgery outcomes without complications. HIV-positive patients can undergo surgery safely without increased risk of postoperative complications or HIV transmission to the staff through the proper use of antibiotics, active antiretroviral therapy, and supplemental protective measures with post-exposure prophylaxis for the staff in case of HIV exposure.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제11권12호
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• pp.649-656
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• 2013

본 연구는 치과위생사들의 치과진료 감염방지기준 이행실태를 파악하기위해 실시되었다. 설문조사는 충남 천안시 치과 의료기관에 근무하는 치과위생사를 대상으로 자기기입식 방법을 통해 2012년 7월 25일부터 2012년 8월 01일까지 이루어졌다. 수집된 자료는 SPSS 18.0을 사용하여 전산 통계 처리하여 분석 하였다. 그 결과 B형 간염 예방접종은 '예' 또는 자동능동면역이 75.0%로 높게 나타났으나 최종간염예방접종 경과기간은 5년 이상이 48.0%로 가장 높게 나타났다. 감염예방 중요성에 대해서는 중요하다고 응답한 경우가 93.0%로 높았으나 감염교육의 경험이 있다고 응답한 경우는 41.0%로 비교적 낮았다. 감염방지를 위한 개인보호용구 착용실태는 마스크착용, 의료용 장갑착용에 비해 보안경의 착용률이 낮았다. 진료 전 손세척은 '항상한다'가 56.0%로 진료 후 손세척 82.0%에 비해 비교적 낮게 나타났다. 치과진료 기자재의 멸균 전 기구세척, 포장 사용 및 포장 손상된 기구 재소독은 '예'가 높은 응답률을 보였으나 수관관리는 '아니오'라고 응답한 경우가 39%로 낮게 나타났다.

• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.90-104
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• 2000

This study was carried out to investigate the current state of occupational health management and characteristics of employees working in small-scale-enterprises (SSE) employing less than 50 workers. Samples were chosen among the two thousands employees working in 838 factories where located in Youngdungpo-Ku, Seoul, Korea. The study results were as followed: 1. Most factories investigated in the study were manufactures (68.6%) which were established in 5 to 10 years ago (29.2%), employing less than 5 workers (72.9%) and registered in accident compensation insurance (23.0%). 2. Health screening was undertaken in 24.9% workplaces for periodic health examination and in 1.5% for special health examination. Environmental monitoring was done in 3.3% factories. Very few factories displayed Material Substance Data Sheet (MSDS) in 3.1% among the total factories. 3. Workplaces usually had their own toilets in 75.9% and washing basin in 58.6% as types of sociowelfare facilities. 4. Employees responded in the study were mostly in the range of age from 30 to 39 in 34.7%. male in 84.8%. the married in 70.3%. manual workers in 42.0%. mostly working regularly 51 hours per a week in 48.2% and earned 710.000 Won to 1.000.000 Won per month in 35.0%. Medical utilization for employees were covered by factories sponsored medical insurance in 12.7% and by provincial sponsored medical insurance in 83.4%. 5. Two point six percents of employees were suffered by diseases. The health complaints indicated were mainly digestive problems in 46.7% and hypertension in 24.4%. 6. Employees wore personal protective equipments for work such as gloves in 48.1%. safety shoes in 30.5%. ear plug in 5.5% and mask in 6.9%. Based on the results of study, we recommend that various types of occupational health management should be developed according to workplace working condition of each factory. In addition to the development of occupational health strategies. we think that it is more important to monitor and to allocate how effectively they operate each other on the basis of longitudinal continuity. Besides, we would like to insist that these all management effort should be focused on prevention of disease and occupational health education of employees.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.457-466
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• 2023

Background: During hot environment work tasks with whole-body enclosed anti-bioaerosol suit, the combined effect of heavy sweating and exhaled hot humid air may cause the N95 medical respirator to saturate with water/sweat (i.e., water-blocking). Methods: 32 young male subjects with different body mass indexes (BMI) in whole-body protection (N95 medical respirator + one-piece protective suit + head covering + protective face screen + gloves + shoe covers) were asked to simulate waste collecting from each isolated room in a seven-story building at 27-28℃, and the weight, inhalation resistance (R_f), and aerosol penetration of the respirator before worn and after water-blocking were analyzed. Results: All subjects reported water-blocking asphyxia of the N95 respirators within 36-67 min of the task. When water-blocking occurred, the R_f and 10-200 nm total aerosol penetration (P_t) of the respirators reached up to 1270-1810 Pa and 17.3-23.3%, respectively, which were 10 and 8 times of that before wearing. The most penetration particle size of the respirators increased from 49-65 nm before worn to 115-154 nm under water-blocking condition, and the corresponding maximum size-dependent aerosol penetration increased from 2.5-3.5% to 20-27%. With the increase of BMI, the water-blocking occurrence time firstly increased then reduced, while the R_f, P_t, and absorbed water all increased significantly. Conclusions: This study reveals respirator water-blocking and its serious negative impacts on respiratory protection. When performing moderate-to-high-load tasks with whole-body protection in a hot environment, it is recommended that respirator be replaced with a new one at least every hour to avoid water-blocking asphyxia.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제37권1호
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• pp.37-43
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• 2004

Objectives : This study was carried out to understand the prevalence and risk factors of green tobacco sickness (GTS) among Korean tobacco harvesters. Methods : The authors conducted a questionnaire among the tobacco harvesters (1,064 persons from 555 out of 723 tobacco harvesting households) in Cheongsong-gun for 4 days from May 7 to 10, 2002. Results : The study subjects were 550 males and 514 females. The recognition and experience of GTS up until 2001 were 96.4% and 61.9%, respectively. The prevalence of GTS in 2001 was 42.5%, and was significantly higher in females than in males (59.0% vs. 26.6%, p<0.01). The incidence density of GTS according to the number of workdays in 2001 was 12.3 spells/100 person..days. The GTS symptoms reported by the tobacco harvesters in 2001 were dizziness in 441 cases (97.6%), nausea in 414 (91.6%), headache in 349 (77.2%) and vomiting in 343 (75.9%). The use of gloves, hat and wristlets, sweating at work and the number of working hours significantly increased the prevalence of GTS (p<0.05). Multiple logistic re- gression analysis was used to determine the factors significantly associated with GTS. Odds ratios for smoking, working over 10 hours and sweating at work were 0.26 (95% CI:0.19-0.35), 1.64 (95% CI:1.26-2.14) and 1.60 (95% CI:1.14-2.25), respectively. Of those who reported GTS in 2001, 311 cases (68.8%) underwent treatment from their local medical facilities. Conclusions : In Korea, there are many tobacco-harvesting households, and most may be stricken with GTS. More extensive epidemiological studies, including the incidence and associated risk factors, are expected and a surveillance system including measurements of cotinine in urine should be conducted.

• 대한치과기공학회지
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.9-21
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• 2007

This study was conducted to determine the cause and prevalence of occupational skin disease in dental technicians working in Seoul, Korea. and to investigate the relation between these work condition and skin disease of the hand, wrist and forearm. This study was based on the Nordic occupational skin questionnaire(NOSQ), a self-administrated questionnaire which was modified to investigate the dental technician's occupational factors in domestic circumstances. The number was distributed to 500 dental technicians who participated in annual continuing education for dental technicians of the Seoul metropolitan area in April 2006. Of the subjects, 62(30.4%) had eczema and 70(32.9%) had urticaria, as diagnosed. Of the subjects with the symptoms of urticaria, 30 complained of atopic dermatitis, 65 complained of allergic rhinitis, 56 complained of allergic conjunctivitis, and 18 complained of asthma. The group with atopic history had a higher frequency of eczema or urticaria than the group without atopic history. From multiple regression analysis, the group who had a history of atopic dermatitis also had high symptom rates of eczema. The group who had a history of allergic rhinitis and allergic conjunctivitis had high symptom rates of urticaria. The urticaria symptom rates were higher in those wearing gloves than those who did not for the type of work.

• 기본간호학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.66-72
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• 2005

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore the content related to nosocomial infection control in the course on Fundamentals of Nursing. Method: Participants were 49 faculty who were teaching courses in Fundamentals of Nursing in universities and colleges in Korea. The questionnaire was composed of 55 items related to nosocomial infection control. Results: Eighteen items out of 55 items were taught in more than 80% of the universities and colleges. These included principles of infection control, principles and effect of hand washing, method of hand washing, hand scrubs, and donning sterile gown and gloves. Conclusion: The most effective interventions for infection control: including asepsis, hand washing, infection control for urinary catheterization, and infection control for IV sites were taught in most universities and colleges. However, the time assigned for teaching these items and the importance placed on practice were not considered sufficient.

• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제24권5호
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• pp.647-654
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• 2022

Wearable devices come in a variety of shapes and sizes in numerous fields in numerous fields and are available in various forms. They can be integrated into clothing, gloves, hats, glasses, and bags and used in healthcare, the medical field, and machine interfaces. These devices keep track individuals' biological and behavioral data to help with health communication and are often used for injury prevention. Those with hearing loss or impaired vision find it more difficult to recognize an approaching person or object; these sensing devices are particularly useful for such individuals, as they assist them with injury prevention by alerting them to the presence of people or objects in their immediate vicinity. Despite these obvious preventive benefits to developing Internet of Things based devices for the disabled, the development of these devices has been sluggish thus far. In particular, when compared with people without disabilities, people with hearing impairment have a much higher probability of averting danger when they are able to notice it in advance. However, research and development remain severely underfunded. In this study, we incorporated a wearable detection system, which uses an infrared proximity sensor, into a backpack. This system helps its users recognize when someone is approaching from behind through visual and tactile notification, even if they have difficulty hearing or seeing the objects in their surroundings. Furthermore, this backpack could help prevent accidents for all users, particularly those with visual or hearing impairments.